Suitable for planting kiwifruit, it is advisable to choose sandy loam or sandy soil in mountainous areas with convenient transportation, sufficient sunshine, sufficient water, moderate rainfall and slightly high humidity, or hilly areas with loose soil and rich humus as garden areas. After the site selection is determined, the road branch, irrigation and drainage system and fertilizer management room are planned first, and then the ventilation culvert in the planting area is planned. The main scaffolding methods used in kiwifruit planting are: T-frame, hedge frame, tripod, large shed frame and so on. Large flat-topped scaffolding is often used, and the original small-diameter trees can be used as live piles on the spot, and some replaceable bamboo and wood soil can be added, and concrete piles can be used in key parts. The height of local frame is 1.8m, and 10- 12 iron wires crisscross to form a grid with a spacing of about 60cm.
Fertilize soil or land
Kiwifruit likes fertilizer and is afraid of scalding. Its growth and strong growth potential determine the urgency of its demand for fertilizer. In addition, the predatory working psychology of highlighting the yield in production, once kiwifruit lacks inorganic nutrients, it will turn yellow, split leaves and stop growing, so kiwifruit is sensitive to fertilizers, but its fleshy roots are also sensitive to soil salt concentration (especially continuous high temperature and drought), thus forming new contradictions. In view of this, it is necessary to master the fertilization of kiwifruit in production.
From germination to flowering and fruiting, appropriate topdressing, mainly calcium, magnesium, boron, iron, manganese and other elements. This top dressing accounts for 2/3 of the whole year. In August, available phosphorus and potassium fertilizers were mainly used, and the application rates were N 15 ~ 20kg//667m2, P5 ~ 7kg/667m2 and K6 ~ 8kg/667m2. Top dressing accounts for 1/3 of the whole year.
Plastic pruning and fruit thinning
The shape of branches depends on the way of scaffolding, so we should make full use of the surface of scaffolding to make branches evenly distributed and achieve the goal of high yield and high quality. Kiwifruit is divided into winter scissors, summer scissors and male scissors before pruning. Pruning in winter is carried out during the period from defoliation to germination in early spring 1 month, with thinning as the main method and proper cutting. Keep more main vines and fruiting branches and cut off dense branches. Twigs, cross branches and pest branches. Summer pruning is mainly carried out from mid-May to early July, such as sprouting, coring, thinning and binding, and timely erasing the buds on the trunk to arrange space for the branches and vines. Male plants are pruned after flowering in May-June. Leave 3-4 branches per plant, and each branch has 4-6 buds. When the new branch length is 1 m, pick the core. Generally, fruit is thinned in the field 1 month after flowering. Leave intermediate fruit and thinning fruit, reaching 1 fruit every 4-5 leaves. Generally, there are 1-2 fruits per 20 cm branch, and 5-6 fruits per 20-25 cm weak branch. 50 kg per plant, leaving 500-600 fruits.
Eliminate pests and diseases
The main diseases that harm kiwifruit are anthracnose, root-knot nematode, damping-off, damping-off, root rot and fruit soft rot. Among them, anthracnose not only harms stems and leaves, but also harms fruits. Spraying 800 times carbendazim for 2-3 times in germination period can prevent and control it. The management of fertilizer and water should be strengthened, and methyl isofenphos or 30% carbofuran toxic soil should be used to control root-knot nematode disease. The main pests of kiwifruit are mulberry Bai Dun scale, Penang comb scale, cutworm, scarab, leafhopper, fruit sucking moth and so on. The overwintering insects of scale insects are controlled by omethoate or 1500-2000 times killing liquid; Stir-fried bran for underground pests and carbofuran are mixed and applied to the ground according to the ratio of10:1. For scarabs, trichlorfon or malathion 1000 times solution is sprayed in the evening from late March to early April, or pyrethroid insecticides are used. Use 50% phoxim EC or 1000 times cartap to control cicada. Fruit-sucking moths occur in September when the sugar content of the fruit begins to increase, and they come out at night to harm the fruit, causing the fruit to fall or the damaged part to form lumps. Bagging, dark light or sweet and sour solution (1: 1) can be used for trapping and killing, or mirex can be sprayed 65438 times every 10- 15 days. After picking the fruits, clean up the orchard, cut off the branches and dead branches of pests and diseases, and burn them centrally to reduce the source of infection of pests and diseases.
Appropriate harvest
The maturity of kiwifruit at harvest has a great influence on its storage life and quality. Early or late harvesting of kiwifruit will affect the quality and flavor of the fruit, and it must go through the quality formation period to fully mature. According to the development period of the fruit, when the content of soluble solids in the fruit is 6%-7%, it is suitable for harvesting, while the fruit that needs long-term storage is required to reach 7%- 10%. Early harvest, bad taste. Harvesting should be carried out in sunny days without wind, not in rainy days, after rain and in the morning when dew is still wet. The best picking time is that the temperature does not rise before 10 am. When harvesting, light mining, light release and careful shipment are required to avoid bumping and piling, and it is best to pack and put in storage with the mining. Containers for peaches, such as boxes and baskets, should be padded with soft country materials at the bottom. Take care of them, don't sprain the pedicel or scratch the peel. The fruit after the first harvest is hard and astringent, and it must take 7- 10 days to eat. Ripe fruits should not be stored and should be sold in time.