It is an electrical equipment that converts wind energy into mechanical energy and mechanical energy into electrical energy. Broadly speaking, it is a heat energy utilization engine with the sun as the heat source and the atmosphere as the working medium.

Wind power generation uses natural energy. Much better than diesel power generation. But if it is used in an emergency, it is still not as good as a diesel generator. Wind power generation is not a backup power source, but it can be used for a long time.

The principle of wind power generation is to use wind power to drive the windmill blades to rotate, and then increase the speed through the speed reducer to promote the generator to generate electricity. According to the current wind turbine technology, power can be generated at a breeze speed of about three meters per second (the degree of breeze). ?

Wind power generation is becoming a worldwide craze, because wind power generation has no fuel problem and will not produce radiation and air pollution.

Wind power generation is very popular in Finland, Denmark and other countries; China also strongly advocated it in the western region. Small wind power generation system is very efficient, but it is not just composed of a generator head, but a small system with certain scientific and technological content: wind generator+charger+digital inverter.

A wind turbine consists of a nose, a rotor, a tail and blades. Each part is very important, and the function of each part is as follows: the blade is used to receive wind power and convert it into electric energy through the nose; The tail wing makes the blades always face the direction of the incoming wind to obtain the maximum wind energy; The rotor can make the nose rotate flexibly and realize the function of adjusting the direction of the tail; The rotor of the handpiece is a permanent magnet, and the stator winding cuts the magnetic field lines to generate electric energy.

Due to the unstable air volume, the wind generator outputs 13 ~ 25V alternating current, which must be rectified by a charger, and then the battery is charged, so that the electric energy generated by the wind generator becomes chemical energy. Then the chemical energy in the battery is converted into AC 220V commercial power by an inverter power supply with a protection circuit to ensure stable use.

Mechanical connection and power transmission: the blades of the horizontal axis fan are connected with the universal elastic coupling through the gearbox and its high-speed shaft, and transmit the torque to the transmission shaft of the generator. This kind of coupling should have good damping and vibration absorption characteristics.

The coupling can prevent the mechanical device from being overloaded by absorbing a proper amount of radial, axial and certain angular deviation. The other is a direct-drive fan motor, whose blades are directly connected to the motor without gearbox.

Extended data:

Generator structure:

1, engine room: the engine room contains the key equipment of the fan, including gear box and generator. Maintenance personnel can enter the engine room through the wind turbine tower. The left end of the engine room is the rotor of the fan, that is, the rotor blades and shafts.

2. Rotor blades: capture the wind and transmit it to the rotor shaft. On the modern 600 kW wind turbine, the measuring length of each rotor blade is about 20 meters, and its design is very similar to the wing of an airplane.

3. Shaft: The shaft of the rotor is attached to the low-speed shaft of the wind turbine.

4. Low-speed shaft: The low-speed shaft of the fan connects the rotor shaft center and the gear box. On modern 600 kW wind turbines, the rotor speed is quite slow, about 0/9 to 30 revolutions per minute. There is a conduit for the hydraulic system in the shaft to start the operation of the pneumatic brake.

5. Gear box: the left side of the gear box is a low-speed shaft, which can increase the speed of the high-speed shaft to 50 times that of the low-speed shaft.

6. High-speed shaft and its mechanical braking: The high-speed shaft runs at the speed of 1500 rpm to drive the generator. It is equipped with an emergency mechanical brake to be used when the pneumatic brake fails or the wind turbine is repaired.

7. Generator: It is usually called induction motor or asynchronous generator. On modern wind turbines, the maximum power output is usually 500 to 1500 kW.

8. Yawing device: rotate the engine room with the help of a motor to make the rotor windward. The yaw device is operated by an electronic controller and can sense the wind direction through the wind vane. The figure shows the yaw of a wind turbine. Usually, when the wind changes direction, the wind turbine will only deflect a few degrees at a time.

9. Electronic controller: It includes a computer that constantly monitors the state of the wind turbine and controls the yaw device. In order to prevent any failure (i.e. overheating of the gearbox or generator), the controller can automatically stop the rotation of the wind turbine and call the wind turbine operator through the telephone modem.

10, hydraulic system: used to reset the pneumatic brake of the wind turbine.

1 1, cooling element: includes a fan for cooling the generator. In addition, it also includes an oil cooling element for cooling the oil in the gearbox. Some wind turbines have water-cooled generators.

12. Tower: The wind turbine tower carries the nacelle and rotor. Usually, a tall tower has an advantage, because the higher it is from the ground, the greater the wind speed. The tower height of modern 600 kW wind turbine is 40 to 60 meters. It can be a tubular tower or a lattice tower. Tubular towers are safer for maintenance personnel because they can reach the top of the tower through internal ladders. The advantage of lattice tower is that it is cheaper.

13, anemometer and vane: used to measure wind speed and direction.

14. Tail rudder: a small wind turbine with common wind direction on the horizontal axis (generally below 10KW). Located behind the rotating body and connected with the rotating body.

The first function is to adjust the direction of the fan so that it faces the wind direction. The second function is to make the wind turbine head deviate from the wind direction in the case of strong wind, thus reducing the speed and protecting the fan.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-wind turbine