1. Copying fonts When processing copper characters, the characters selected by customers or written on behalf of customers often need to be enlarged or reduced. The method includes enlarging and reducing the size of the copier. If the graphic characters exceed the effective copying area of the copier, an iron drum (about 20-30cm in diameter) can be used, and a 200W light bulb can be installed in the insole. The small writing brush of the manuscript (the original word is too large and can be reduced by the copier) can be clamped with glass, fixed at the light mouth of the iron drum, and then projected and enlarged on the wall. White paper can be nailed to the wall with thumbtacks, and the shadow of the enlarged figure can be drawn with a pencil.
2. Blanking and forming: stick the cut characters on the copper skin, and then cut them by iron scissors or plate shears. In the plot with small curvature, drill holes at the junction first, and then chisel off the burrs with scissors or steel. The trimming must be filed flat without jagged marks. Hammer-hammer molding, first of all, we must understand the structure of the characters, plan the molding steps of the characters, and avoid blindly hammering. The law of hammering molding: First, master the big structure of words, because the accuracy of the big structure of words directly affects the effect of words. When knocking on a large structure, the part with smaller curvature should be knocked first, and then the large structure should be knocked; Tap the highest part of the raised word first, and then tap from the middle to both sides along the direction of the word. Large structures should be knocked at the back, and small structures such as corners should be trimmed at the front of the word. When hammering, the hammer surface should be perpendicular to the characters, the strength should be balanced, and the size of the wooden hammer can be used flexibly. Typed characters require less or no hammer marks on the surface, the raised height of the font is consistent, it is not deformed, and the back is relatively flat.
3. Cut copper edges with different widths of 1.5cm, 2cm and 3cm (wide strips for big characters and narrow strips for small characters, flexible use) on the copper skin for welding. There are two welding methods. The first one is soldering (commonly used), in which the waste battery skin is soaked in hydrochloric acid solution to make welding water, then the welding water is melted with a 300-500W electric soldering iron, and then the treated welding water is dipped with a brush, and the welding place between the edge and the word is rubbed (note that the welding place between the edge and the word should be polished with sandpaper without grease). Dip a hot soldering iron into the solder and weld it firmly along the edge of the word. The edges and sides of the word are required to be welded vertically. The second is brazing, in which copper wire and steamed borax (flux) are fused between edges with oxygen and acetylene. This method requires large investment and high technical requirements. Copper hammer welding should be reshaped. Knocking and welding are carried out on the workbench.
4. Grinding and polishing: grind the raw sand once with sandpaper, then put it into the liquid consisting of 10% sulfuric acid and 90% water for 3-5 minutes, and take it out with clear water; After washing, blanch with boiling water to dry, and then polish with a polishing machine. The method is to start the polishing machine to rub the polishing paste on the cloth wheel, so that the cloth wheel is in vertical contact with the letter. Only when the polishing trend is consistent, the smoothness and chromaticity of copper characters will be consistent. After polishing, remove the surface grease with acetone. Do not touch the cleaned words with your hands, and immediately cover them to prevent the oxidation of words from affecting the brightness. The hood is the key, and the effect of the hood directly affects the service time of copper characters. The finishing agent can be a special agent for copper lettering, such as copper lettering treasure, and can also be sprayed or brushed with PVC varnish.
5. There are two kinds of copper nails for the installation of copper signboards: open nails and hidden nails. Nail-opening method is to weld the edge of the processed word and hang the pendant, mark the number at the corresponding place in the hanging position, remove the word, drill a hole with a drill and fix it with self-tapping or wood screws. The dark nail method is to drill holes on the copper edge of the characters, plane the drilled characters on the signboard surface, remove the characters, nail a 5cm×9cm wooden block on the marked signboard surface, and then fix the characters on the wooden block. In addition, it can be fixed with glass glue. 6. Precautions for bronze signboards The original manuscript shall be properly kept, so as to facilitate inspection and prevent distortion. 0.4-0.6mm copper skin for people within 50cm, 0.6-0.8mm copper skin for people around 1m, and 1- 1.2mm thick copper skin for buildings above1m. Extra large characters should be reinforced inside to increase strength. Cover immediately after polishing, and do not leave it for too long.