Fertilization is the main content of soil management of adult fruit trees, and it is the result of increasing and stabilizing production and overcoming different years.

The basic measures of the phenomenon should be based on the growth of longan trees, and sufficient fertilizer should be applied in stages to make it full.

Enough for it to grow and bear fruit. Adult trees can grow according to the tree body when the fertilizer source is sufficient.

In the past, the change of flowering and fruiting required fertilization 4~5 times a year. I think the next three rhizosphere fertilization.

That's enough.

(1) rhizosphere fertilization

1, pre-flowering fertilizer (flower-promoting fertilizer) was applied from the end of 12 to the middle and late stage of 1 in order to promote the health of flower heads.

Strong and well-developed floral organs. Fertilization amount: according to the fruit yield per plant 100 kg, apply compound fertilizer per plant 1-2 kg.

Compost 50- 100 kg, peanut bran powder 1 kg. Compound fertilizer should be sprayed or applied after rain.

Sprinkle farm manure and peanut bran powder around the crown of the rhizosphere. If you can open 50 centimeters around the crown of the tree

Deep annular furrow combined with weed application is ideal, and the fertilization period should be determined according to the tree potential and leaf color.

And rainwater. If the trees are lush, the leaves are greener or the weather gets warmer early.

Or there is a lot of rain, which is generally not suitable for early application. On the other hand, weak trees or cold weather or too much hormone control, then

Fertilize early.

2. The fertilizer for strong flowers and fruits should be applied after the formation of the ear skeleton and before the second physiological fruit drop.

The purpose is to supplement the nutrition of the tree in the late flowering period in time and ensure the nutrients needed for the growth and development of young fruits.

Reduce secondary physiological fruit drop, promote fruit growth and improve the yield of the year. In order to shoot autumn shoots after harvest,

Cultivate the fruiting mother branches and lay the foundation. Fertilization amount: per plant (calculated by fruit yield 100 kg).

Organic fertilizer 50- 100 kg (if fertilizer has been applied before flowering, it can be applied less when the fertilizer source is insufficient) and urea 1-2.

2-3 kg of gold, calcium magnesium phosphate, 2-3 kg of potassium chloride, 2-3 kg of peanut bran powder and 0.3 kg of magnesium sulfate.

-0.5 kg, evenly spread under the crown drip line, and cover with straw to spray water in time.

At this time, less or no chemical fertilizer can be applied according to the tree potential and leaf color.

3. Before (after) fruit, quick-acting nitrogen fertilizer is the main fertilizer, and it is especially forbidden to use after-effect fertilizer or granular fertilizer.

Insoluble compound fertilizer and other substances are not conducive to early absorption of fruit trees. The function of this fertilizer is to increase the yield.

Quantity, reduce late fruit drop, restore tree vigor, reduce fallen leaves after fruit picking, promote autumn shoot growth, and cultivate in time.

It is very effective to improve good fruiting branches, reduce the phenomenon of fruiting in big and small years and realize high and stable yield every year.

Before fruit picking 10- 15 days, spray 1 times of decomposed peanut bran water or manure water 20 on the crown of drip irrigation line.

0-300kg of urea1-2kg, soluble compound fertilizer1.5-3kg, and 30-50g of borax. such as

If the fertilizer cannot be applied on time, it must be applied within seven days after the fruit is picked, and the fertilizer is replaced by rotten flowers.

200-300kg of raw bran water or manure water, 2-3kg of ammonium bicarbonate, 2kg of potassium chloride, 1-

2 kg, borax 30-50g.

If the climate is dry, it must be watered thoroughly or irrigated in time to ensure that the autumn shoots are pulled out in time after fruit picking.

It is very necessary to apply fertilizer for the above three times, especially for the first and third time, and it must be implemented as required.

(2) Topdressing outside the roots

You can add some foliar fertilizer every time you spray medicine. It is suggested to adopt Yuhualing organic nutrition series products.

Products, use as little inorganic fertilizer as possible.

Second, shaping and pruning

Pruning of small trees

The purpose of plastic pruning is to cultivate trees with high and stable yield. Plastic surgery should start with small trees and start from scratch.

Planting begins. Fixed stem: leave the trunk 50-70 cm high when planting, and put it on the trunk after planting.

Choose 2-3 main branches with vigorous growth and reasonable orientation as the first-class branches, and the length of the first-class branches is 50 cm.

At the same time, pick the core at 40 cm. Similarly, 2-3 branches are selected as secondary branches on the primary branch. This is also the case.

The sample method leaves three branches and four branches. Make branches at all levels spread evenly around to form an open branch.

Round crown.

(2) Pruning of adult trees

The purpose of pruning adult trees is to maintain vigorous tree vigor and cultivate good fruiting mother branches. Trim pass

Often in spring, summer and autumn. Spring pruning is mainly to cut off branches that are too dense, too weak and sick and combine them.

Turn off the flowers Prune in summer from June to July, and cut off dense branches, pests and diseases, thin and drooping branches and knot them.

Turn off the fruit. Autumn pruning is mainly carried out after fruit picking, which belongs to fine pruning, mainly pruning.

Dead branches, pest branches, shade branches and over-dense branches, and cut off some over-dense summer and autumn branches.

Cut 1-2 branches with vigorous growth and reasonable distribution from each base branch to concentrate nutrients and promote

As a result, the mother branches grew in large numbers.

Third, pest control.

(a) longan "ghost broom disease" is also known as baldness, witches' broom disease, broom disease, etc. Pathogen is a kind of

A virus spread by grafting or insect pests. After the tender branches of diseased plants are damaged, the tender leaves become narrow, curved and curled.

Qu, can't be unfolded, the leaves are light green. The diseased leaves are deformed and easy to fall off. The leaves at the tip of the disease dry and fall off.

Fall behind and become bald. Sometimes there are new buds clustered, internodes shortened and broom-shaped. Damaged spike node

Occasionally shortened, clustered or clustered, unable to bear fruit normally, the diseased trees are weak, and the yield is reduced.

Finally, the whole tree died.