Cracked tongue, also known as grooved tongue, refers to cracks and crevices with different widths, criss-crossing and different shades on the back, front and both sides of the tip of the tongue. The incidence rate is 5%~ 10%, and about 0.5%~ 1% of healthy people have congenital cleft tongue. Teenagers or middle-aged and elderly people can get sick, and young patients are more common with mild symptoms. With the growth of age and body, cracks can expand, and it is obvious that young people sometimes coexist with Tutu. The shallow cracks on the tongue are mainly caused by the atrophy of the tongue mucosa, which makes the longitudinal or transverse lines of the tongue protrude from the surface. Deep fissure on the tongue is a serious atrophic lesion of the tongue, which makes the lingual epithelial layer lose its normal structure, some nipples flatten and fuse, some contract and break to form cracks, and there is a thickened scar contraction under it. The tongue coating is thick and white with uneven distribution. Some even have no tongue coating and their tongues are bright red. There are many knife-shaped deep groove cracks on the tongue surface, which are often in various shapes such as pulse, brain and unshaped herringbone, Sichuan and tree fork.

Under normal circumstances, there are no symptoms of discomfort, generally there will be no symptoms of pain, only when eating spicy and stimulating food, there will be tingling, and the disease will generally not become malignant. ? There are generally two kinds of cracked tongue, one is called pulse tongue, which has a deep longitudinal crack in the front and back direction in the center of the back of the tongue and many lateral branches of relatively regular accessory grooves arranged horizontally, like veins; One is called brain-tattooed tongue, and the back of the tongue has a fissure like sulcus gyrus. It bends at the back of the tongue and looks like a palindrome of the brain. The tongue body is slightly larger, and tooth marks can appear on both sides of the tongue. Patients with few and shallow cracks generally have no obvious symptoms, soft tongue, free movement and normal taste; For those with deep cracks, there is no tongue coating in the cracks, and food residues and microorganisms are easy to stay in the cracks, causing inflammation, edema and irritating pain of the tongue; If the infection and inflammation are repeated, the tongue body can gradually increase and thicken, and tooth marks can appear on the tongue edge; Long-term cracking of the tongue body may also lead to unbalanced nutrition of the tongue and atrophy and smoothness of the tongue surface.

Causes of tongue cracking:

1, which is related to genetic factors: most of them are congenital cleft tongue, and the cause of cleft tongue in this part of patients is not clear, and it is usually considered that the tongue is deformed.

2. Chronic wasting disease: Clinically, it is more common in patients with electrolyte disorder, diabetes, chronic enteritis and liver cirrhosis caused by fever and dehydration.

3. Most malnourished patients lack vitamins.

4. Traditional Chinese medicine says that it originates from fever: it is caused by heart fire burning, fever due to yin deficiency, fumigation with hot poison, excessive heat hurting body fluid, gastric juice burning, excessive fire, blood dryness, pathogenic qi entering the blood, deficiency of stomach yin, stagnation of phlegm and heat, deficiency of essence and blood or loss of yin and body fluid.

5. Mental factors are also related.

6. Geographical factors: changes in geographical environment, food varieties, nutritional components and other conditions may also gradually form cracks in the tongue.

7. Oral factors: poor oral hygiene, a large number of dental calculus, food residue, residual roots and crowns.

Treatment of cracked tongue: There is no effective treatment at present.

1, try to avoid spicy food, Chinese medicine should clear the heart and purge heat, strengthen the spleen and eliminate dampness, promote fluid production and replenish blood, nourish yin and promote fluid production.

2, a balanced diet, to ensure the supply of vitamins, vitamin B 1, vitamin B2 and other drugs.

3. Patients should keep regular living habits, adjust their normal mentality, and check the corresponding oral conditions in time. ?

4, shallow fissure generally does not need treatment, treatment of corresponding oral diseases, periodontal scaling, removal of residual roots and crowns without reservation value.

5. If the fracture is deep, surgical resection of the fracture can be considered when the symptoms are serious, and the fracture can be closed.

6. It is very important to keep your mouth clean. Rinse your mouth in time after meals, use anti-inflammatory mouthwash properly, and clean up the food residue and bacteria in the cleft tongue, so that there is no food accumulation in the ditch, otherwise the repeatedly infected fissure will continue to deepen.