1. What is "jade" There is such a description in the ancient book Shuo Wen Jie Zi: "Jade is the beauty of stone", which means that beautiful stones can generally be called jade. According to jewelry theory and oriental traditional literature, "jade" is broad, including Hetian jade, emerald, jadeite, dushan jade, agate, turquoise, Shi Ying, Shoushan stone and bloodstone. Second, what is "jade" Jade is a specific variety among many jadeites, and it is a mineral aggregate dominated by jadeite. Emerald is a mineral aggregate composed of a variety of fine minerals, mainly jadeite. Its main mineral is jadeite, and its secondary minerals are omphacite, sodalite, albite, amphibole, tremolite, diopside, aegirine, aegirine, zeolite, chromite, magnetite, hematite and limonite, among which omphacite will become the main mineral in some cases. Jade here, by the way, does not refer to the hardness of jade, but the name jade was translated from English by Japan and then directly translated into Chinese ... Third, the conceptual difference between jade and jade can be said that jade is indeed jade, but jade is not necessarily jade. When it comes to jade, everyone's first reaction is jade, which shows that people's love for it has been increasing day by day for hundreds of years, and it has been subtly equivalent to jade. Jade, as the default king of jade, is internationally recognized as the most gem-grade jade, which has many incomparable characteristics and advantages compared with other jade varieties. Specifically, jadeite has six remarkable characteristics: rich color, stable physical properties, strong luster, high refractive index, high specific gravity and high hardness. In addition, gem-grade jadeite is only produced in a specific vein in Myanmar, and the uniqueness of the place of origin also determines its noble quality-"rare things are precious." Fourth, the price difference between jadeite and jade is comprehensive, and the price of jadeite is the highest among all jadeites. Sometimes a glass full of green jade bracelets can reach nearly 10 million yuan, and sometimes jade necklaces can even reach 100 million yuan. 10.8 billion yuan The second highest overall price of jade necklace is Hetian jade. In addition to the general quality of hetian jade, the price of high-quality hetian jade can also be comparable to that of mid-range jade. Hetian jade is not suitable for making jade bracelets because of its small size, so the price of a real suet jade and Hetian jade bracelet is close to one million yuan. Of course, talking about price without quality is playing hooligans. . Not all jadeites have the highest price, but the price of some jadeites with poor quality is only tens of yuan, which is lower than the common agate. Among all kinds of jade, it is possible that the price of a low-grade jade is higher than that of other high-grade jade, so the real price needs to be compared with the concrete object to get an accurate comparison. 5. Jade or jade? This question is like asking, "Is ruby good or gem good?" This is also the case. In the same way, you ask, "Is Jade Good or Hetian Jade Good?" There is no way to compare. Regardless of the quality, all comparisons are invalid. How does a piece of bean-planted jade compare with a piece of Hetian suet white jade? You can choose what you like without discussing the value of the goods. After all, "a thousand dollars can't buy a kind heart." Sixth, the difference between ordinary jadeite and jadeite Note: All the following methods to distinguish jadeite and jadeite are for reference only, and cannot be distinguished by 100%. It is necessary to determine which kind of jade can be identified by a formal jewelry appraisal agency. 1. The difference between jadeite and nephrite Jade is also called "jadeite" and Hetian jade is also called "nephrite". In fact, "nephrite" and "emerald" are both idioms of predecessors, just a idiom. It is not that nephrite is easily broken, but jadeite is firm and not fragile. Because the hardness of nephrite is 6.0~6.5, and the hardness of jadeite (jadeite) is 6.5~7, their structures are the same, and they are all fiber interwoven structures, which are the densest and most stable structures. Nephrite can be divided into several important varieties according to its color: white jade, sapphire, jasper, jet, topaz, sugar jade and so on. The (1) luster of Hetian jade seed jade is one of the biggest differences between jadeite and nephrite. Anyone with a little experience can judge nephrite and jadeite by reflecting light. The surface of nephrite presents a greasy luster with different strengths, which is soft and moist, so people understand it as moist jade. The reflective luster of jadeite presents rigid glass luster. (2) Physical properties: the hardness (6.5), specific gravity (2.90) and refractive index (1.62) of nephrite are lower than those of jadeite (7/3.33/ 1.66). 2. The difference between jade and Ma Laiyu. Ma Laiyu's voice is often heard in the market. In fact, the so-called Ma Laiyu is not natural untreated jade, but artificially dyed quartzite. At first, those mercenary businessmen gave this dyed quartzite a name that deceived the people of China for many years: "Ma Laiyu". The way to identify Ma Laiyu is simple: (1) color. The color of Ma Laiyu is mostly green, and its biggest feature is that the green inside is like a fishing net under the light, and the green is regularly arranged into small particles like small fish eggs. Under normal observation, the color of Malaysian jadeite is brighter than that of high-quality green jadeite, and the green distribution is very uniform. As shown in the following figure: (The color of jadeite will not have such a shape distribution). The color characteristics of Ma Laiyu under strictly transmitted light (2) concave arc surface. Ma Laiyu's torus bottom is easy to sag, but jadeite does not have the same phenomenon. (3) specific gravity. The specific gravity and refractive index of Malaysian jade are lower than those of jadeite. People with a little experience can identify the jadeite in Ma Laiyu by weighing by hand or observing the reflection. 3. The difference between jadeite and Australian jade (chrysotile) Macao jade is a kind of chalcedony produced in Australia, also known as Nanyang jade. Its color is somewhat similar to jadeite, but its color characteristics and distribution are essentially different from jadeite: chrysotile (1) mineral. Australian jade is mainly composed of cryptocrystalline silica, which is mineralogically called chalcedony. The main component of jadeite is columnar or fibrous jadeite. Under the magnifying glass, you can see the unique "emerald" of jade. (2) color. Australian jadeite is either uniform in color or has obvious parallel stripes, mostly apple green and looks like plastic. The color and tone of jadeite will change deeply. Except for some jadeites with uniform color, most of them can see the "color root" of jadeite. (3) The hardness of jadeite is lower than that of Australian jade, but its specific gravity and refractive index are higher than that of Australian jade. 4. The difference between water foam (albite jade) and jadeite. Water foam is a mineral combination dominated by albite, and some water foams are similar to jadeite. For example, transparent or translucent water foam is similar to some jadeite planting water, but it is still very different in essence. Components of mung bean, water mill and beans (1). The main mineral of water foam is albite, and its mineral crystals are granular. The fracture structure is similar to that of ordinary quartzite, so it does not show the unique "emerald" property. (2) luster. Due to the poor density and crystal structure of water foam, the reflective luster of water foam is weak, and the glass luster has some gelatinous luster. And jadeite is glassy. (3) color. Blisters also have various colors, but the hue is weak, which can't reach the best color of jadeite. (4) hardness. The hardness of water foam is lower than jade, so it is often scratched by other objects. 5. The difference between jade and emerald. Xiuyan jade is a native jade, named after it was produced in Xiuyan Manchu Autonomous County, Anshan City, Liaoning Province. It is one of the four famous jade in China. Xiuyu Jewelry (1) Try the hardness. The hardness of jade is obviously lower than that of jadeite. Carving the surface of jade with sharp objects will produce scratches, but the jade will not be damaged. (2) Look at the gloss. Jade has obvious grease luster or wax film luster, and jade has glass luster. (3) specific gravity. Under the same volume as jade, jade is slightly lighter than jade.