The battle of Changping was a war between Zhao and Qin troops in Changping (now northwest of Gaoping City, Jincheng, Shanxi Province) from May to June in 47 AD (260 BC). This war is the earliest, largest and most thorough large-scale annihilation war in China's ancient military history.

Background:

Controversy in the Warring States continued, and all countries tried to strengthen their national strength through political reform. In the ninth year of Zhou Nanwang (the first 306 years), King Wuling of Zhao carried out military reform in China, which enhanced Zhao's military strength. In foreign wars, he won more and lost less, and his national strength became stronger and stronger. Until Zhao Chengxiao became king, Zhao was still the overlord.

After Shang Yang's in-depth political reform, Qin developed from a remote small country, enriching the people and strengthening the country, from officials to ordinary people, all of them were clanking iron, and all of them were enemies of the whole country. During the reign of Qin Huiwen, the State of Qin was the king of the East, with a million-strong army, and the momentum was like a rainbow, and the victory and defeat were different.

Reason:

In fifty-three years (the first 262 years), the State of Qin attacked South Korea and captured the land of the wild king of South Korea (now Qinyang, Henan) in one fell swoop, taking Shangdang County into its pocket. Qin Jun is unstoppable. King Han Huanhui didn't dare to resist, so he had to give up taking part in the Party. He asked Shangdang to defend the county, and asked Feng Ting to dedicate the county to Qin to quell the war.

However, Feng Ting didn't want to surrender to Qin, a small barbarian country. He was even more dissatisfied with Qin's repeated wars and defeats. So he conspired with Shangdang people and decided to use Zhao, who can only compete with Qin now, to dedicate Shangdang Seventeen Cities to help him fight against Qin Jun.

Zhao Haoqi consulted with the ministers, but Pingyang Jun refused to accept Shangdang. He saw that he just wanted to take advantage of Shangdang and Zhao to fight against Qin, and thought that the 17th city needed to launch a million-strong army to attack for a long time. Now it's not beautiful to enjoy success, Zhao and Qin are neck and neck. General Lian Po is brave and good at fighting. If Qin invades, he can be sent to defend the enemy.

The prince of Zhao listened to Ping Yuanjun, named Feng Ting Hua Yangjun, secretly sent Ping Yuanjun to accept Shangdang, and sent Lian Po to the Changping border to stop Qin Jun from venting his anger and attacking the city. Zhao's move naturally made Qin unhappy. The land that our soldiers worked so hard for was picked up cheaply in other countries. How can we stand this evil spirit? Zhao Haoqi of Qin fought back, determined to establish the majesty of Qin.

Then attack and deter South Korea. Lian Po stuck to Changping, and the two armies were at loggerheads.

In the fifty-fourth year of Zhou Nanwang (26 1 year), the state of Qin once again sent troops to attack South Korea, occupying Gou's family (now south of Yanshi, Henan) and Lun's family (now southwest of Dengfeng, Henan). South Korea has been defeated repeatedly and its morale is unstable. For a time, South Korea was afraid of Qin and did not dare to fight again. The capture of Gou Jian's family and Lun's family was only to deter South Korea, and Qin still wanted to take them back to Shangdang, so as not to waste the hard work of the soldiers.

In the fifty-fifth year of Zhou Nanwang (260 BC), the king of Qin ordered Wang Bi to lead an army to attack Shangdang. Shangdang people were frightened to death when they saw the threat, and fled to Zhao, who sent troops to Changping to meet the enemy. Shangdang was recovered soon. After Shangdang was recovered, the king of Qin refused to let Zhao go.

In the fifty-fifth year of Zhou Nanwang (260 years ago), the king of Qin sent Wang Bi to attack Changping. Lian Po was defeated, and Qin Jun occupied Chunyuchang and Gucheng. Zhao Jun built a wall to retreat and held his ground. No matter how clamoring, he could not resist. Seeing that the Zhao army was determined not to fight, Qin launched a storm, captured the camp on the west side of the Zhao army and captured two Zhao Wei officers.

Zhao's proposal to make peace was rejected, isolated and helpless, and the two countries secretly changed generals.

Zhao has been defeated in many wars, and now Lian Po can't go on. In the long run, there will be countless military supplies. Therefore, Zhao Haoqi Cheng Xiao was dissatisfied with Lian Po's behavior and even sent someone to condemn Lian Po. In fact, Lian Po decided to wait until the favorable opportunity to attack and annihilate Qin Jun in one fell swoop. Therefore, Zhao is the largest country in the world today.

Lian Po's method is indeed the best policy for Zhao, but Zhao didn't expect the battle to become a protracted war, and the grain, grass and horses were not as good as what the army wanted. However, Qin has summoned elite soldiers to clear channels, transport grain and things, and Qin has captured Tianfu Bashu, with plenty of food and grass in the rear. Farming is just around the corner, and long-term stalemate will lead to Zhao's lack of food. At the same time, Zhao Liangdao will be harassed in the rear of Zhao, which will make Zhao worse.

Zhao Haoqi consulted with ministers, and Lou often suggested sending a senior envoy to the State of Qin for peace. Yu Qing believes that Qin is bent on attacking Zhao, and Qin people will not stop until Zhao vows to fight bloody battles. It is better to spend more jewelry and money to lobby Chu and Wei to unite against Qin, so that peace can succeed.

However, Zhao Wang took Lou Chang's suggestion and went to Qin to make peace. As soon as Shi Zhao entered Qin State, Qin State held a grand welcoming ceremony to show it to the whole world. Chu and Wei naturally thought that Zhao had made peace and were too lazy to come to this muddy water. They are all very good, so there is no need to send troops to Zhao, and Qin accepted it for a pretence, in fact, in order to isolate Zhao.

Sure enough, neither Chu nor Wei sent troops to help Zhao, and Zhao's situation was even more difficult. However, Lian Po's failure to persist also gave A Qin a headache, so it was always a good time to fight or not to fight. So the Prime Minister of Qin sent people to Zhao to spread rumors that Zhao Kuo and Zhao Kuo, the sons of Zhao She, which Qin feared most, were nothing, and also talked about the theory of art of war. The prince of Zhao immediately decided to replace Lian Po and Zhao Kuo. When Qin learned that Zhao had changed generals, in order to completely defeat Zhao, he secretly sent him to Changping and kept the news strictly confidential.

Leitian wiped out Zhao's 400,000 troops with a maneuver, and Zhao was defeated.

After Zhao Kuo led the troops, unlike Lian Po, who thought he was guarding the city, he immediately led the troops out of the city. Qin Jun was cool-headed, and Tian Lei pretended to order the army to defeat the enemy. Zhao Kuo thought Qin Jun was afraid, and ordered the 56-point thrashing to catch up with Qin Jun. Tian Lei ordered the troops to attack the rear of the Zhao army, divide the main force of the Zhao army, and cut off the grain and grass in the rear. After several battles, Zhao Jun was forced to camp on the spot and wait for rescue.

By fifty-five years (the first 260 years), the main force of Zhao had been deprived of food for forty-six days, and the soldiers did not have enough to eat, and even ate human flesh raw. Zhao Kuo couldn't wait for reinforcements, so he led the sharp soldiers to break through and was shot dead by random arrows. Tian Lei made a big plan for Qin, deceived and executed the remaining troops of Zhao, leaving only 240 young soldiers to return to Zhao. According to the Warring States Policy, in the battle of Changping, Qin killed 450,000 troops of Zhao, and Zhao was shocked.

Impact:

The battle of Changping was a great victory, which greatly weakened Zhao and shocked the vassal States of Shandong. It is difficult for any country to compete with Qin now, which has created favorable conditions for the reunification of Qin.