Today's Xianyang City in Shaanxi Province was indeed the capital of the Qin Dynasty and even China at that time. At that time, the most important reason why Qin Shihuang built the Great Wall was to prevent the northern nationalities from invading the mainland and defend the capital Xianyang. In the southern suburb of Xianyang, an ancient metropolis, there is a small village called Chang 'an Village. After the demise of the Qin Dynasty, Xiang Yu burned the Epang Palace in Xianyang, and Xianyang became a deserted capital. Later, the Han Dynasty developed in Chang 'an Village of Xianyang, then slowly developed into ancient Chang 'an, and then developed into Xi 'an area today.

Filial piety moved the capital.

In A.D. 12 (the first 350 years), Xiao Gong moved his capital to Qin Xiaogong. In order to deepen the reform and get rid of the interference of the old aristocratic forces, Shang Yang proposed to move the capital from Yongcheng (now Fengxiang County, Baoji City) to the newly-built Xianyang City (now Weicheng District, Xianyang City), which was supported by Qin Xiaogong. The following year, Qin officially moved its capital to Xianyang. By the end of the Qin Dynasty in 206 BC, Xianyang was counted as Qin Dou 144 years. According to archaeological excavations, the center of Xianyang City in Qin Dynasty is located in Niuyang Village, Yaodian Town, Weicheng District. ?

The Reforms of Shang Yang

In 350 BC, after Qin moved its capital to Xianyang, in order to win the trust of the people, Shang Yang wrote to the trees in front of Xianyang City Que and announced the reform activities aimed at strengthening the country. The main contents of the reform are: abolishing the hereditary privileges of the old nobles and establishing a 20-level title system according to the size of military achievements; Carry out the county system and merge small towns into 3 1 county; Abolish the well field system and allow land to be bought and sold openly; Establish a method of taxation by Ding, stipulating that two men in a family must separate, or double the tax; Promulgate legal weights and measures to unify measurement. After Qin Xiaogong's death, the old aristocratic forces fought back and Shang Yang split in Xianyang, but the method of laying the foundation for the prosperity of Qin did not end. ?

Writing Lu's Spring and Autumn Annals

At the end of the Warring States Period, Lv Buwei, the prime minister of the Qin Dynasty, organized his disciples to compile the book Lv Chunqiu in Xianyang, which collected the theories of pre-Qin philosophers and provided an ideological weapon for the Qin Dynasty to unify the world and govern the country. The book * * * has 26 volumes, including 12 chapters, 8 reading materials and 6 papers, and *** 160 articles. It is mainly based on Confucianism and Taoism, and has knowledge of law, ink, name, agriculture, yin and yang, astronomy, calendar and temperament. After writing, Lv Buwei announced it at the gate of Xianyang, claiming that whoever can add, delete and change a word will be rewarded with one thousand yuan. "A word is worth a thousand dollars" comes from this.

Qin Shihuang unified China.

Qin Shihuang unified China in 246 BC. After the coronation of Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, he persistently waged a war aimed at reunifying China. Korea was destroyed in 230 BC. Wei perished in 225 BC. In 223 BC, the State of Chu perished. In 222 BC, Zhao destroyed Yan. 22 BC1year. After nearly 10 years of war, the century-long separatist regime in China finally ended, and the first multi-ethnic unified feudal empire in China history was established. In order to strengthen the regime of the Qin Dynasty, Ying Zheng abolished the old vassal enfeoffment system, called himself the first emperor, and strengthened centralization. Implement the county system, unify laws and regulations, build the Great Wall, and defend the Huns. Economically unify currency, unified measurement, unified vehicles and tracks, build water conservancy and develop agriculture. Culturally, the characters were unified, and standardized characters based on Biography were formed. Burn books to bury Confucianism and practice cultural autocracy. ?

burning books and burying Confucian scholars alive

In 2 13 BC, Qin Shihuang hosted a banquet for officials and more than 70 doctors in Xianyang Palace. At the banquet, the princes disputed and divided, and many Confucian scholars used the ancient times to satirize the present and criticized the court. Qin Shihuang allowed Li Si to suggest that all books except Qin history, divination, medicine and laws should be burned. The following year, Qin Shihuang wrote a letter asking for sages, but because some people criticized the policies and decrees of the first emperor, the design deceived more than 460 alchemists and Confucian scholars. History is called "burning books to bury Confucianism". "Burning books to bury Confucianism" is the first precedent of ideological autocracy, which was followed by emperors in previous dynasties and greatly destroyed the national spirit of the Chinese nation, and its bad influence has not been eradicated so far. ?

Liu bang destroyed Qin

In 209 BC, the tyranny of the Qin Dynasty triggered the uprising of Chen Sheng and Guangwu. In 10 BC, Liu Bang led the army into Guanzhong, and Zi Ying, the king of Qin, led hundreds of officials to surrender, and the Qin Dynasty perished. ?

Huoshao Xianyang

Burning Xianyang in the winter of 207 BC, Xiang Yu, the overlord of the Western Chu Dynasty, led troops to kill Xianyang in the west, killed Zi Ying, the surrendered king of Qin, plundered wealth and jewels, robbed beautiful women in the palace and set fire to the palace of Qin. The fire spread for three months. The magnificent capital, which has been built for a century and a half, has become scorched earth. ?