First, health management. Love and persistence can last. Daily hygiene management includes changing drinking water and excrement paper at the bottom of cages every day. The choice of paper can be newsprint, and 50 yuan can buy a lot. If there are not many birds, one year is basically enough. Bird sticks can be cleaned once a week or temporarily according to the actual situation to keep bird claws clean and avoid problems caused by fecal pollution. Cages can be washed once a week, or once a month if you have time and energy. Birds themselves have the habit of taking a bath. You can choose a good weather every other day or every week, put it in a big food box, let the birds bathe themselves, and then let the birds comb their feathers naturally until the feathers are dry and avoid blowing. It is also necessary to clean the tableware. It is necessary to observe it every day and clean it immediately.
Second, diet management. Birds eat to death, and bird food is very important to birds. Reasonable collocation can make birds healthy and lively, while on the contrary, they are in sub-health but ignorant, leading to the ultimate death of birds. The dietary requirements of hibiscus birds are: protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, carbohydrates and water. As long as the six requirements are met, food will not go bad and basic health will be fine. On the contrary, there will be many problems. Here is a brief introduction to the main foods corresponding to each element.
1, protein: eggs. Generally speaking, there are two feeding methods, one is direct cooking, and the other is direct cutting. This is a common method to supplement protein, but the remaining cooked eggs should be taken out in time the next day to avoid spoilage. One is to take raw egg yolk according to a certain proportion, stir it into millet feed and store it in the shade. Function is the need of molting, feeding, aphrodisiac and metabolism. Can be adjusted according to the specific situation. Don't think that the hibiscus bird eats food, just because it doesn't need protein. In fact, the demand for protein is no less than that of insect-eating birds. During the breeding period, the demand for eggs greatly exceeds that of insect-eating birds.
2, fat: fat feed is generally perilla or peanuts, walnuts. Generally, there are more people who choose perilla. The main uses of fat feed are molting stage and long hair stage. Birds need fat feed to change their feathers and make them shiny. Moreover, when the mother bird feeds her chicks, she should also supply whole perilla. Perilla is soft and suitable for birds. In addition, when the weather turns cold in autumn, birds will take the initiative to ingest fatty feed in order to resist the cold food shortage and cold environment. In the case of serious lack of nutrition, birds will actively decompose their own fat, which can be decomposed into protein and carbohydrates to maintain their lives. Now the overall environment is relatively good, winter is not very cold, and food is not very scarce. Therefore, fat feed can be reduced, but it cannot be lacking. For coarse-haired birds, fat feed should be strictly controlled to avoid obesity. Another fatty feed is rapeseed, which is mainly aimed at Hong Niao. Rapeseed contains a certain amount of carotene, which can add color to Hong Niao. If Hong Niao doesn't raise it, there is no need to add fat feed repeatedly. Fruit contains sugar, which will be converted into sugar after eating. You can give it in moderation, not too much.
3. Vitamins: Vitamins mainly exist in vegetables and fruits. Therefore, fresh vegetables are preferred, and rape is preferred among vegetables. Mainly hibiscus birds have a preference for rape, which can be seen by wolves and insects. Compared with other vegetables, hibiscus birds have the most obvious preference for rape. Rape itself contains a high content of carotene, and birds will turn their own red indirectly after eating it. You can also get red directly from some relatively red vegetables such as watermelon, strawberry, red pepper and carrot. If these vegetables are in short supply, you can choose darker vegetables such as Chinese cabbage, Chinese cabbage or Chinese cabbage for coloring. Hibiscus, the only red pepper bird, must eat rape every day in exchange for bright red to meet the demand of red pepper birds for vegetables. Otherwise, birds can't reach the degree of red required by their breeders, because Hong Niao itself can't produce red, but only shows a slight red color. If it wants to be bright red, it can only be directly or indirectly transformed into its own red through food. Therefore, you must give food every day and you can't stop. Especially when molting, you must always give food to ensure your beauty. So rookie and rookie are actually synonymous with Hong Niao.
4. carbohydrates. Mainly refers to energy feed. The so-called energy feed generally means that the feed itself contains starch, which is converted into glucose in the body after feeding, and glucose is the smallest molecule. Using sugar as energy to drive birds is just like a locomotive needs gasoline as energy. The general feed is that all kinds of grains contain starch. Generally, the conventional feed for hibiscus birds is millet with a small amount of perilla and a small amount of rapeseed, which is a "trinity" feed, and then it can be raised with "egg millet". If you have time, you can make up some millet or oatmeal to enrich your diet. Hibiscus birds eat grain, so energy feed is not introduced much.
5. minerals. Mainly eggshells. Birds can satisfy their needs for calcium and minerals by eating eggshells. The cuttlefish bone also belongs to the mineral category. There are also tiny grains of sand that can help birds digest after eating. Hibiscus is a "hard-eating bird". Its stomach has organs for storing sand grains. Without them, it will have indigestion. Therefore, it is necessary to set up a sand jar for birds to feed freely.
6. water. Tap water or cold water will do. It is suggested to cool white, which can avoid the probability of parasites as much as possible. Observe the water every day and every hour, and stop the water for no more than 4 hours. If it is exceeded, it may be life-threatening. Make sure the drinking water is clean. When it is found that there are a lot of sundries in the drinking machine and the drinking water begins to be turbid, it should be replaced and cleaned in time to avoid intestinal diseases.
Third, frequently asked questions.
1, mites. Mites are a common problem of hibiscus birds, especially when the number is too large, it is easier to breed. Mites mainly feed on the blood of birds at night and can lay eggs once. Eggs hatch after 3 days, and the number increases. If it is not found early, it will lead to anemia and death of hibiscus birds. Mites vary in size, and the big mite is a little smaller than sesame. The smaller one is smaller, but it can be found by the naked eye that the crawling speed is very fast. The discovery of mites will come in the middle of the night, about an hour after the lights are turned off at home. Take a flashlight and shine directly on the perch of the bird, as well as on the cage and bird body. You can basically judge whether there are mites. Treatment: Mites hide in secret places during the day, and cracks can also be found. In addition, you can buy 5 to 8 drops in the veterinary drug store, add 2 kg of water, and the mineral water bottle is about 1 kg of water. You can also add 3 to 5 drops of water to a catty. Then pull the birds and tanks out of the cage. Clean the hidden place of the cage and spray the whole cage. During the period, the birds should also be sprayed with medicine, but they should be sold in veterinary drug stores, and a bag should be mixed with 2 kg of water or 3 or 4 kg of water in proportion. Spray the bird directly until it is half wet. When the cage and bird feathers are dry, go back to your place. Repeat the operation after the third day, because the medicine can only kill insects, not eggs. Therefore, spraying pesticides to kill eggs in time after hatching can ensure extinction. I'm afraid it's not safe. I'll spray it after 3 days. You can be carefree.
2. Calcium deficiency. Calcium is mainly supplemented by eggshells and cuttlefish bones. Generally, hibiscus birds bask in the sun directly. Although calcium is also supplemented, the color will become lighter. Therefore, most breadwinners solve the problem of calcium deficiency by supplementing calcium. For eggshells, it is best to set up a separate jar to give broken eggshells for a long time, or to embed cuttlefish bones in cages so that birds can eat calcium every day. This can ensure that birds are not short of calcium. Especially in the breeding season, calcium deficiency will directly affect reproduction. Males don't mate, and females don't lay eggs or soft-skinned eggs. The birds can be injected with calcium gluconate in the second nest, and the ratio of 1 water 2 can be directly mixed into drinking water for the birds to drink, and the water is mixed once a week or two, which can effectively avoid the problem of soft preserved eggs.
3. Fat. The fat of hibiscus birds should only be for health. Take it out and blow your chest. Seeing skinny chest is a lack of nutrition. If you don't improve your diet in time, you may die. The reason is insufficient nutrition during molting, or it may be caused by a cold. You should keep up with the feed in protein and return to a normal diet after molting. A healthy chest is slightly flat, with meat on both sides of the chest and elasticity. It is healthy to blow the belly hair with a little butter. If the butter is thick, you need to lose weight. The way to lose weight is to take it out for a walk. Eat less. As the saying goes: the bird is healthy and unhealthy, and the fat has the final say.
4. Tail fat gland. Generally, the main reasons are that there are many birds, the cleaning is not timely, the cage is seriously polluted, the bird's beak is not clean, and the tail pecking gland causes infection. The general treatment is to catch a bird and blow it. If there is obstruction, wipe it with iodine cotton swab twice a day for 3 consecutive days, which can basically be cured. If you take a bath often, this problem will generally not appear.
5. About red. Sunlight can make birds fade, especially in Hong Niao and Hong Niao. Red genes can't be produced by themselves, so it's better to put birds in a place where the light is relatively scattered. Higher humidity will promote the redness of birds. There is also the daily rape can not be broken, in addition to birds like to feed, it is also very beneficial to the durability of color, especially when molting. Of course, we must also ensure the purity of the varieties. If cross-color mating occurs in the last two generations, it will have a direct impact on the red of future generations. Breeding black-haired birds in Hong Niao is an atavistic phenomenon, not to say that the species is impure. If this black-haired bird continues to mate with solid color Hong Niao, the bird will be redder. Red will change under different illumination. Under the strong light, even the bright five-star red flag is not bright red, but red and yellow. Therefore, it is generally necessary to appreciate Chili red in relatively weak light to show the most brilliant characteristics. Just like jewelry needs special light to show beautiful brightness, it is a truth. Don't ask birds to be bright red in strong sunlight, this requirement is too great, and this requirement can only produce crimson hibiscus and red and pink hibiscus or dull and dull birds.
6. Reproductive issues. Be healthy on weekdays. During the breeding period, cooked eggs should be supplied every day, rape should be supplied, and the ratio of egg rice to yolk should be improved. The three-in-one feed should be sufficient, and you should take a bath every two days, with enough quiet space and nest to basically breed, and the temperature should be controlled at a constant 20 degrees. Some birds breed early and start to lay eggs in about 10 month, while others start to lay eggs later, about February. This is a normal phenomenon. Breeding early, nesting early, breeding late, nesting late. But some birds are too healthy, especially coarse-haired birds, and the price of aphrodisiac may lead to obesity, which is also a helpless move. When a bird breeds for the first time, it may fail because of various firsts, and it will naturally get better in the second nest or the third nest. For timid birds, try not to disturb them to avoid feeding or abandoning their nests. The female bird's physique is very important, so we should take good care of it. Hair can be carefully cut off, tail can be cut in half, and claws can be trimmed. In the third nest, gentamicin should be given once to relieve inflammation and fire, and perilla can be supplied all day.
Generally, young males develop late, and young females lay eggs first, but they are all white eggs. Therefore, it is best to use a 2-year-old male bird with breeding experience, and generally there will be no problem of disunity. If possible, males should be kept in cages alone, and the boiled eggs should be watched every day. When the male birds call, drum, swell and jump up and down, put the female birds in the breeding cage. In about 7 days, the female will start to nest and lie on the nest. It usually takes about 3 days to build a nest. Put the male bird in, mate and take it out. See if mother bird laid any eggs the next day. Wait until the mother lays the first egg, put the male bird in, wait until the mother lays the first egg, and then take the male bird out. Continue to raise alone. The rest is to let the mother bird hatch her eggs quietly. But some females need males to hatch their eggs, so they can only be kept in pairs. A good mother bird has the behavior of protecting the nest. When people clean up and eat food, they will immediately return to the nest to protect their eggs, peck people's hands to resist, and spread their wings to cover the nest. This is very interesting. Usually when a mother lays an egg, she will take it out and put it on the millet, and then replace it with a fake egg. It is not until the third egg is laid that the mother can put all the real eggs back and let the mother hatch. Generally, if there are more than six eggs, you need to take out one or two small eggs and throw them away, so as to avoid the collapse of the whole nest because there are too many eggs. Starting from putting the real eggs in, take them out on the seventh day and test them with a small flashlight. If blood vessels are found, and the eggs are alive with beating and peristalsis, if they are turbid, it may be dead eggs or insufficient flashlight illumination. Take out the dead eggs and let the live eggs hatch. If all the eggs are dead, you can leave the nest and take good care of them. These birds will continue to lay eggs for about 8 days. Incubation period 14 days, even if the fertilized egg develops, it cannot be guaranteed to hatch. Many birds will die in their eggs. Generally, females can breed 4 to 5 nests, and it can be over.
Don't be greedy for perfection, it will affect the reproduction in the coming year. Female bird's nest is generally symbolic. When the female bird's nest is stable, take out the nest and use medical absorbent cotton for artificial nesting, which can improve the hatching rate. Cotton should also be replaced regularly during the growth of birds to avoid excessive pollution. After the birds hatch, they are provided with whole perilla, egg rice, boiled eggs cut in half, rapeseed soaked for 2 hours, small grains of sand and so on every day. If it is not fresh, it can be replaced in half a day. Two days after the bird is hatched, the male bird will be put into the nest. Raising birds together can improve the survival rate. After the birds leave the nest, they are mainly fed to the males, and the females will continue to lay eggs. Pay attention to raising eggs to avoid pollution. After the female bird lays three eggs, the male bird and the bird are carried to another cage together. You can consider closing the nest when you get to the fourth nest. As soon as the bird comes out of the nest, it can let its mother out and rest in the big cage. When the birds grow up and can eat independently, they can also take the males back to the big cages for feeding, molting and nursed back to health.
Breeding species of jade birds
1. Feather colors are pure yellow, light yellow, white, green, cinnamon, silver gray, iron gray, opposite flower, orange, orange red, Chili red, bronze and miscellaneous flowers, and some intermediate colors. There are more hibiscus birds, and the number of other colors is gradually increasing.
2. From the Song Dynasty, there are: Rhona species, cultivated by Germans, with slender body, many feathers, curly hair and chrysanthemum tops. When the bell rings, it jingles and the song is sweet and moist. When singing, keeping silent is the top grade. There are few pure breeds at present.
Shandong species, spindle-shaped, with white or yellowish feathers. Good constitution and high reproduction rate. When singing, the mouth is wide open and the voice is mainly excited by the throat. You can sing 8- 10 continuously. The voice is loud, rough and bold, and it belongs to barking with its mouth open, repeated high notes, full of gas and endless, giving people a feeling of rising from the mountain and full of gas. After listening closely, I feel that I can't listen for three days. Usually, the hibiscus bird with white in yellow is called the yellow Yangzhou species in Shandong, which is slightly smaller and streamlined than the Shandong species. In addition to white and yellow, its feathers have chrysanthemum tops and opposite flowers. Singing is not as good as Shandong. Loud, good varieties can sing 9- 14 continuously. The voice is euphemistic and long, soft and firm, with a metallic texture, mostly in the middle and low tones, and the syllables are long and soft, giving people a feeling of elegance, freshness, flowers and birds, and refreshing. She is good at singing and dancing, and she has a quick mind. When singing, her wings are open and look like a butterfly. Birds with pure yellow body are usually called Yangzhou yellow, wax yellow, lemon yellow, turmeric, soda yellow and cauliflower yellow.
3. From the feather shape:
There are two kinds: flat head and curly hair. Curly hair is the top grade with long legs, curly and fluffy sides, represented by Paris species. There is also a kind called Guifu, which is famous for its big size and long hair. It's 20-22cm long, and it's very few now. The new variety has red curly hair, which is extremely rare, small in quantity and expensive.
4. From the standing position:
Upright type: characterized by small head, straight legs, shrugged shoulders and tall figure. This species has only successfully propagated in recent years. Because of its special posture and small number, it is favored by the majority of bird lovers. s
Eagle type: petite, small head, long neck and shoulders. When standing, the head and neck are straight forward, which is very similar to the falcon, hence the name. The tail feather tilts forward and looks like a crescent moon in side view, so it is also called meniscus.
Ordinary type: smaller than the above two types, with plain hair as the main feather type, body length 12- 14cm, and standing like a sparrow.
5. From the eye color:
There are black eyes and red eyes. Red eye includes white red eye, yellow red eye and red red eye. In recent years, the number of red-eye white curly hair cultivated is very small, which is regarded as a treasure.
There are many kinds of hibiscus birds, including 30 species and nearly 400 subspecies, which are unmatched by other caged birds and won the favor of bird lovers.