Area 1.7 million square kilometers. The population is 2 1 0,000 (1,98 1). Cuenca, the capital. The mountains in the north are undulating and cut by many rivers; The south is the plain, where the Hukar River and the sankar River intersect. Rich in grain, grapes, olives, crocuses, fruits, wood and so on. Sheep raising and beekeeping are developed. Export goat cheese and wool. There are a lot of prehistoric archaeological discoveries in Cuenca province. Perhaps the most important is the cave in the transitional period from Paleolithic to Neolithic, which was found in Wilder Pi Nuo in Bonic and Hume Village in Wilder. All these caves have murals, similar to those found in eastern Spain. Murals are painted with people, animals and hunting scenes. Most of the findings can be listed in the provincial museum in Cuenca.
Since the Iron Age, we have some large-scale ancient tomb relics, such as Las Ailas Tomb in DelCampo, Carrascosa, Madrid.
According to the information before the Roman invasion, the first Iberian tribe settled in Cuenca was Oka Orca Des, although carpet people also settled in other areas in the western part of the province; Some experts believe that the ruins of Egras in modern Iniesta are the witness of earlier civilization. We know that Ocades defeated Villato, the leader of Lusitania, and later they were also defeated by the well-equipped Roman army.
There are only three models in Cuenca province to show the glory of the Roman era (after 200 BC): Sego Bouriga or Cabeca de Grigo (near the village of Elices today); Vika, Elca, as far as the north (near Canaveras) and Valeria, a little closer to the southeast, on the way to albacete. Segbrega is a strategic place, with theaters and theatres, which embodies the glory of the city. Pliny Sr called it Caput Celtiberiae (the apex or limit of Celtic Iberia).
During the Visigoth period, we know that after Recaredo converted to Christianity in 587 AD, these three towns became parishes of the church. We also know that the visigoths established the Servetano monastery there, trained clergy and turned it into the cultural center of that period.
When the Moors invaded the peninsula in the 8th century, they found that the population in this area was very sparse. It seems that they destroyed or surrounded three visigoth parishes, but on the other hand, they also let people live in this area again. Since the 9th century, castles and villages have been built, and now the development of cities is just like that of Ucles, Waite and Cuenca.
Cuenca became the capital of this area, which was then called Al Kunka. The city was controlled by Muslims until 1 177, and then Alfonso VII conquered the city with the help of other Christian monarchs on the peninsula.
When the king granted the nobles the privilege of acquiring land and living here, people began to settle here and other areas, which made it out of the control of the Moors. In the second half of the12nd century and the beginning of the13rd century, a large area (mountain) in Serrania near Cuenca was relocated, but most of the cities were granted the right of royal lease and became a fortified special zone, which meant that they still belonged to the royal family. This is the case in Cuenca, alarcon, lniesta or Moya.
As far as military convents are concerned, San Diego Convent (St. James) is the largest renovated monastery in Cuenca Province, which was built in caceres, about 1 170. The main center of the order is the convent castle in Creary, where the president of the order lives. The castle has undergone many architectural reforms.
Another important place is Alarcon city and fortress, which was obviously built by Moors. It was conquered and strengthened by Alfonso VII in 1 184. He later put it under the control of the San Diego order. /kloc-in the 3rd century, it became the family property of Don Manuel and his son, the famous Spanish writer Don Juan Manuel. Later, it became the Marquise of Vilaine. The same fate is waiting for Derian's hometown Belmont. First, Juan Manuel, a Spanish writer and philosophy teacher at the University of Salamanca, then the Marquis of Vilaine and Juan Pacheco all built castles there.
From12nd century to14th century, there were important Jewish centers in this area, especially in the Jewish settlements of Yukos, Walter and Cuenca.
In the early Middle Ages and many years later, the main activities in this area were to develop pine forests on the ridges, and to develop dairy farming, textile manufacturing and grain planting in the plains and southern areas of the province.
Dairy farming and wool industry have become the main driving forces of Cuenca's economic development, among which export is the main factor. When these industries entered recession at the beginning of17th century, Cuenca also entered a sharp recession, and it took many years to recover.
Throughout the18th century, the reform ideas of the Enlightenment led to the establishment of economic associations in this country, just like those that rose in Cuenca or Sanclemente at the end of18th century.
At the end of 18, Florida da Blanca divided Spain into 3 1 provinces. Cuenca is almost the same as it is now, except that some areas in the south were taken away by Juan de burgos at 1833 to make up for albacete Province, while other areas are like or Thiel. The festival in Cuenca begins at the beginning of each year: Moorish and Christian Day is held at around 65438+10.8 in Valverde Jukar, Huca, and in Valladabajo, which is the third Sunday of that year. The celebrations held in these villages are in memory of this sacred child. In Las Mesas, they lit bonfires to celebrate, just like the San Anton celebration they held in many other villages in June+10/7, 65438.
In Almonacid del marquesado, there are also festivals to celebrate Purificacion de la Virgen, and the devil's day (Endiablada) on February 2nd and 3rd. Carnival celebrations are also becoming more and more important, especially in some places, such as Taranco, Cuenca and Bell Montejo, but the most important festivals are the Holy Week celebrations held in Cuenca, Canete, Los Inojosos, El Provencio and Las Pedro Nelas. In Taranco, it is a mourning for the crucifixion and death of Jesus, and there is a pilgrimage to commemorate Virgen de Rus on Easter Day in St. clermont.
Most villages hold festivals in May: Santa Cruz Festival on May 2 and 3 or Holy Cross Festival in Las Majadas; In Belancon, people celebrate the San Cristo Arodi Rado Festival through special dances performed by dancers; San Juan Festival (also known as Summer Solstice Festival) and Santa Quiteria Festival are held in Juante; On the second Sunday in May, a festival was held in Carboneras de Guadazaon to commemorate Santa Hiuela. In Hinojosa, it's San Bernardino's Day, and people cook thousands of eggs in different ways as a holiday celebration. It's El Du Haitao's Devil's Day, and so on.
In August and September, most places have festivals to commemorate their guardian saints. In Manjavacas(Mota del Cuervo), it is the Virgin of Antigua. In Tarancon, this is the Virgin Mary Sarez; Campillos in Sierra is a festival of Nuestra Senora de Altarejo; Saint Julian's Day in Cuenca; In Preil, it is the goddess of victory, San Miguel de Las Victoria; In Canada, Hoyo is Nuestra Senora de los Angeles Festival; In Dezankara, Alberca, this is the day when Moors and Christians commemorate the Holy Cross; Canete and San Mateo in Cuenca are Virgen de la Zarza festivals.
Since the middle of19th century, Corpus Christi parades and celebrations have been held every year in Pi Nuo, fontes, Harrow.
The annual festival ends with the Xiong Wei Festival in Hocaccio, San Diego. People hold celebrations around the statue of the immaculate conception of the Virgin Mary, which symbolizes the birth of Christ in Cordono, Gader. Cuenca has always been famous for its handicrafts, so it can be found in private collections and museum collections all over the world: ivory or faded Moslin glass handicrafts, blankets, ironmaking and so on. Nowadays, local handicrafts have been reborn in new forms. Young artists, especially those in the ceramics industry, have improved their skills and added new designs.
Various versions of traditional bulls can be found in Cuenca. The replica of the 7th century bull in Cuenca Museum is more traditional and avant-garde than the popular pottery works, which shows the influence of the Museum of Abstract Art. ..
Cuenca has a wide variety of products and a large number of handicraft centers, which makes us have to admit that Cuenca is the most powerful handicraft center in Spain, with more than 150 craftsmen and artists.
Wood products (Cuenca, Mota Delcou Evo, Raspe de Dronnas, Rastama Maria de Campo, Villanuel Vadra Terui, Landert, Indonesian Esther, Belmont, Valle de Abajo, Motila Delpas Lancar, Saint clermont ...), plant fibrous roots and special branch weaving techniques (Veraba de la Sierra, Pliego, Canizares, Veraconejos de Trabaque). Las Pedro Nelas ... ordinary pottery and pottery making (Cuenca, Pliego, Helpert Denoso, Las Pedro Nelas, Mota del Cuervo ...................................................................................................................................... Toys, jewels, portraits and paper making, binding by El provine, Huldt or Mota Delcou Evo, and tableware in Minguela are just some of the handicrafts.