China is the birthplace of tea. After thousands of years of development, with the continuous improvement of people's living standards, people attach importance to the pursuit of high-quality spiritual life. As a green drink in 2 1 century, tea has become an indispensable necessity in people's lives. China tea culture has a long history and is an important part of China culture. Tea artists should understand China tea culture, which has an important influence on the spread of tea culture.
The history of using tea, eating tea and drinking tea in China has experienced a long development and change, which has formed a long and amazing tea culture in China in the past 5,000 years. Tea culture includes material culture, institutional culture, behavioral culture and psychological culture. Mentality culture, that is, spiritual culture, is the subjective factors such as values, aesthetic taste and way of thinking bred by people in the process of tea tasting. For example, drinking tea and soup is the aesthetic taste that people pursue, and it is the artistic conception and charm that people pursue in the process of tea art operation. Combining drinking tea with life and philosophy of life, it rises to the height of philosophy, which is the highest realm of tea culture and the core part of tea culture, namely the spirit of tea ceremony. The course "National Vocational Qualification Training-Tea Artist" points out: "The difference between a tea artist and a non-professional is that the tea artist's understanding of tea is not based on perceptual knowledge, but has a deeper rational understanding of tea and a fuller understanding of the essence of China tea culture." The essence of tea culture here is the spirit of tea ceremony. Tea ceremony is the core of tea culture, and tea art is the focus of tea culture. Tea art can be operated and performed, but tea ceremony cannot be performed. Tea art is different from ordinary tea making, but a combination of brewing technology and drinking art. Through the selection of tea makers and utensils, the creation of artistic conception and the brewing process, tea art allows people to taste fragrant teas in elegant artistic conception and experience the spirit of tea ceremony conveyed by tea art. Therefore, tea performance has played a positive role in the promotion, popularization and improvement of tea culture.
Although modern tea art has just developed and prospered, China Tea Ceremony has existed since ancient times. The spirit of China Tea Ceremony is the national spirit of China, and the cultivation of China's national character is consistent with the cultural characteristics of China. The Chinese nation is a state of etiquette, and China Tea Ceremony has the traditional life flavor and artistic sentiment of the Chinese nation, pursuing elegance and yearning for harmony. Taking the opportunity of Confucian governance, relying on the indifference and moral integrity of Buddhism, infiltrating the romantic understanding of Taoism, and advocating harmonious, simple, honest, realistic and beautiful elegant spirit through tea. It is with this spirit of tea ceremony that tea art has spiritual taste and charm. The occupation of a tea artist is the charm. Tea art is the foundation and necessary condition of tea ceremony. The combination of tea art and tea ceremony is a high degree of unity of matter and spirit. Therefore, every tea artist is a preacher and disseminator of the spirit of China Tea Ceremony.
The Tea Art Competition not only examines the ability of tea artists to master traditional tea art, but also understands the tea mat design concept of tea artists and examines their comprehensive quality through their own tea art creation. Now Tianxiang Tea Art will communicate and discuss with you from the aspects of tea selection, tea set configuration, teahouse design and brewing program design.
Tea art creation
(A): the choice of tea products
Tea in China has formed six basic teas, including green tea, black tea, green tea (oolong tea), white tea, yellow tea and black tea, as well as reprocessed teas such as scented tea, pressed tea, health tea, beverage tea and instant tea. China is the hometown of tea. After thousands of years of development, the variety of famous tea is the highest in the world. Tea is the core of tea art, so it is very important to choose tea in the competition among tea varieties with different qualities. Although as a tea artist, you must master the brewing method of each kind of tea skillfully, choosing a kind of tea that you know, like and feel has an important influence on the choice of tea set, the design of programs, the grasp of the quality of tea soup, the choice of clothing, the choice of music and the creation of artistic conception.
In the tea contest, I chose Jinguiyinhao tea developed by Guilin Tea Branch. Guilin Tea Shop is located in the beautiful Yaoshan Scenic Area, where tea gardens are arranged in an orderly way, with evergreen seasons, beautiful environment and fresh air. Jingui Yinhao Tea was chosen because it has the following characteristics: (1) The local characteristics of Jingui Yinhao Tea. Jinguiyinyinhao tea belongs to scented tea, also called smoked scented tea, scented scented tea and scented tea. It is a unique tea variety in China, which is made by mixing refined tea embryo with floral fragrance and promoting tea to absorb floral fragrance through certain processing methods. The scenery in Guilin is the best in the world. Osmanthus fragrans is the city flower of Guilin, which is named after Osmanthus fragrans forest. Guilin has Jingui, Yin Gui, Sijigui and Dangui. Osmanthus fragrans is an evergreen tree. Osmanthus fragrans is the main planting variety and a variety of Osmanthus fragrans. Its color is as strong as golden red, but its fragrance is very weak. Sijigui, with yellow and white flowers and elegant fragrance, is an ornamental tree with low flower yield. Yin Gui has a strong aroma and is the main raw material of scented tea. Jingui, the flowers are light yellow at first, and then gradually turn golden yellow, with stronger and more fragrant fragrance. Jinguiyinyihao tea is made of roasted green tea embryo and high-quality Jin Guihua, which is covered with fragrant white flowers. Through scenting and mixing, the tea leaves slowly absorb the flower fragrance, and then the flower residue is screened out to dry the tea leaves. It is an excellent variety of scented tea. (2) Jinguiyinhao tea has good quality. The tea in the tea contest must be of good quality. Jinguiyinyinhao tea developed by Guilin Tea Research Institute has a long history of production, fine processing technology and strict technical requirements. The quality features are compact and uniform appearance, silvery white and oily color of tea embryo, golden yellow color of dried flowers, bright yellow-green color of soup, sweet and mellow taste, light yellow and bright leaf bottom, elegant and lasting Leng Xiang. Some people say that scented tea is a kind of poetic tea, which combines the beauty of tea taste and the beauty of flowers. Only by careful understanding can its unique floral and tea rhyme show a little charm. So I like scented tea very much. I also hope that this kind of Jinguiyinhao tea with Guilin characteristics can let the judges appreciate the essence of tea bred by Guilin landscape.
(b) Configuration of tea set combination
Tea set is the carrier of tea art. Without tea set, there is no art. Tea set combination is the main component of tea mat and the basis of tea mat design. The choice of tea set should pay attention to the combination of practicality and artistry. China had a special tea set in the Tang Dynasty, and it became more and more complete due to the prevalence of tea drinking in the Tang Dynasty. The Tang Dynasty emphasized the skill and taste of frying tea, so there were requirements for the quality of tea sets and the choice of tea. The choice of tea set for modern tea should be based on the characteristics, characteristics and characteristics of the selected tea products, and the texture, shape and color of the tea set should be considered. To choose a combination of tea sets that can fully express the connotation of tea products, we must first understand the quality characteristics of all kinds of tea sets.
Tea sets are generally divided into metal tea sets, purple sand tea sets, porcelain tea sets, glass tea sets and bamboo tea sets. Metal tea sets include gold and silver tea sets, tin tea sets, tin-inlaid tea sets, copper tea sets, cloisonne tea sets and stainless steel tea sets. Because gold and silver tea sets are expensive, glittering cloisonne tea sets are too luxurious, and tin tea sets stink easily when holding tea. These tea sets are rarely used in modern life. Stainless steel electric kettle, with fast heat transfer, airtight, modern taste and convenient use, is widely loved by tea artists and teahouses. Zisha tea set is produced in Dingshu Town, Yixing City, Jiangsu Province, China. The praise of "human jewels are as good as yangxian river mud pills" shows the preciousness of zisha pottery. Purple sand pottery with excellent tire quality has the characteristics of no leakage, good air permeability, slow heat transfer and no burning. Long-term use of teapot can absorb tea juice and contain tea fragrance, and teapot is more elegant and moist. Therefore, purple sand pottery is loved by people. Porcelain tea sets include porcelain tea sets, white porcelain tea sets, black porcelain tea sets and blue and white porcelain tea sets. Porcelain tea sets are exquisite and beautiful in shape. In particular, the porcelain tea sets produced in Taiwan Province Province, China, are not only excellent in texture, beautiful in appearance and bright in color, but also occupy the mainland tea set market. Glass tea sets have transparent texture, dazzling luster and different shapes, and the market demand is great. Its disadvantage is fast heat transfer and easy to burn hands. Bamboo and wood tea sets are mainly used as tea trays, bowls, Chaze, teaspoons, tea clips, kettles and coasters. China's tea sets are rich in materials and diverse in styles, and the combination of tea sets is the basis for the design of tea mats. The texture, volume, color and connotation of tea set combination should be carefully considered.
My main tea set is the bowl cover. Bowling was very popular in the royal family, nobles and many high-end teahouses in Qing Dynasty. Cover the bowl in triplicate, with a tray at the bottom, a bowl in the middle and a lid at the top. Cover the bowl, also known as the "three-talent bowl." Three talents are heaven, earth and people. Tea is the spirit of "heaven contains it, earth contains it, and people nurture it", and "three talents cultivate the beauty of dew". The process of building a bowl with tea symbolizes the unity of heaven and earth and the cultivation of the essence of tea. The blue and white porcelain bowl I chose is moderate in size, alternating with blue and white, smooth and pleasing to the eye under the light, flashy but not gorgeous, showing simplicity and elegance. However, there is a disadvantage of building a bowl, that is, I can't appreciate the jumping up and down of tea leaves and the gradual stretching of leaves, so I added a unique glass tea set to the tea ceremony program and designed a te amo. Water poured down, misty, and scented tea rolled up and down with the water waves, just like an angel dancing. The color of the soup is clear and green, the bud leaves are gradually stretched at the bottom of the cup, and the osmanthus is ups and downs in the water. The fascinating form is unobstructed, which makes people feel relaxed and has always been fascinating. The water boiler I chose is a glass kettle, and the water boiler is an alcohol stove. The water temperature for brewing scented tea should not be too high. Jinguiyin No.1 tea blank is tender in texture, and the water temperature should be controlled at about 80℃ ~ 85℃ during brewing. The change process of water temperature can be observed directly in the glass jar.
(C): Tea mat design
The design of the teahouse is to design the environment of tea drinking activities to conform to the natural attributes of tea and have a certain artistic realm, so that people can get a deeper and richer spiritual feeling about tea in this artistic realm of integration with tea. My tea mat design is a combination of nature, simplicity and practicality. From natural bamboo tea tray, elegant blue-and-white porcelain bowl, clear and translucent glass tea set to light guzheng music "Mountain Living in Flowing Water", it is simple and simple. Tea is not only the soul but also the concept of tea mat design. Tea set combination is the main part of tea mat. Tea set combination is born of tea, and tea mat design is born of tea. The design of the tea mat I pursue is simple and practical, guiding drinkers to enjoy the real taste of tea more naturally and comfortably. This is in line with the elegant spirit of harmony, simplicity, sincerity, realism and beauty advocated by the tea ceremony.
In the design of the teahouse, the traditional tea set combination configuration is mostly selected according to the tea varieties, such as the tea set combination configuration of Fujian style congou and the tea set combination configuration of desktop congou. There is also the tea set combination of national tea art. The tea set in China has been innovated and developed in form, content and function by tea people in past dynasties, and has been integrated with humanistic spirit, which makes the tea set combination, a specific artistic expression, play a positive role in people's material and spiritual life. We can keep the tradition, but we can't limit ourselves to it. Unique, simple and elegant colored tea sets and artworks that capture the meaning of nature not only improve our taste and drinking, but also enrich the content of tea mat design, and also open up a broad associative space for tea artists to innovate tea mat design.