Hairpin seems to be a very old term. In your imagination, you can roll up your long hair loosely, insert a unique hairpin, and interpret the word "classical", even without matching ancient costumes.
Li Yu, a scholar in the Qing Dynasty, lamented in "Casual Love": "One hairpin and one ear can accompany you all your life." The ancients cherished and loved trinkets, just like diamond rings and rings in modern marriage. See what kind of undying feelings the hairpin has entrusted.
A plaque was replaced by Feng Chai.
During the political years of the Northern Song Dynasty, a well-known song, Caifang Ci, was circulated in Kyoto. People don't know who wrote this sad song, only know that it comes from the palace, and the inscription is taken from Xie Fang Garden in the palace. The song sings: "Like a dream, there is no * * *. Poor and lonely as a hairpin. The mountains are separated, and the night is rinspeed. Yaner has come, and there is no news. " A woman who misses a distant lover sighs and feels lonely like a hairpin.
This sad and touching song is widely circulated in Sichuan. A few years later, Lu You, a poet of the Southern Song Dynasty, entered Shu, and this tune touched the heartstrings, which led to the appearance of the eternal swan song "Hairpin Phoenix".
Today, Shen Garden in Shaoxing, Zhejiang Province was once the private garden of wealthy businessmen in the Southern Song Dynasty. There is a gourd pond in the garden. In the Song Dynasty, Chi Pan built a wall with broken bricks. There is a stone tablet embedded in the wall, and the word "Chai Feng" inscribed by Lu You is engraved on the right side. Why did the poet change the name of the epigraph when he filled it out according to the rhythm of "adopting aromatic words"?
At the end of the Northern Song Dynasty, the nomads invaded the south. Lu You was still young and ran away with his family. At that time, Lujia had many contacts with Liu Mu's brother Tang Hong. Under Tang Hong's knee, there was a girl about Lu You's age named Tang Wan. She is handsome and gentle, but she is not good at words but understanding. In the war-torn years, the young men and women had no suspicion and shared the same soul, and spent a pure and precious time together. They were born in secret and with the permission of both families. Lujia decided to marry an ancestor, Jin Fengchai, and after a year, they got married as they wished. Jin Chai became a gift from the Lu family to the bride, and it was also evidence that Lu You and his wife agreed to be together for life.
However, despite their deep feelings, the marriage lasted only three years. During the critical period of Lu You's career, Lu You took his wife and poems to the garden, but he was not interested in his lessons. Liu Mu gradually became disgusted with Tang Wan. Three years later, Tang Wan was forced to send him out on the grounds that he had no children. Lu You is stupid, filial and cowardly, and can only divorce his wife. On the day of parting, it was easy to lift a finger, and the two feelings were reluctant, and the tears were silent, and the engaged Jin Fengchai was also eclipsed. A few years later, Lu You met Tang Wan in Shenyuan. She was visiting the garden with her husband Zhao Shicheng. Suddenly, she met him. She didn't know how to get along with herself. She just glanced over it. Lu You was deeply moved, wrote "Hairpin Phoenix" on the wall and said:
Red crisp hands, Huangteng wine, Mancheng spring willow. Dong Feng Xie, who is in a bad mood, has been very depressed in recent years. No, no, no. Spring is the same, people are empty, and tears are red and sad. Peach blossom falls, idle pool pavilion, although the mountain alliance is there, it is difficult to hold books. Momomo.
Lu You changed the word "Chaitoufeng" in "Caifang Ci" into a new epigraph name, and the token that once vowed to each other must still be in his mind. Similarly, this Feng Chai also drew a fatal scar on Tang Wan's heart. The following year, Tang Wan revisited his old haunt and found this lingering word, and his slowly calmed feelings and humiliation were once again affected. Her inscription should be harmonious, and the inscription is still "Feng Feng":
The world is thin, human feelings are evil, and it is easy to fall when the rain is sent late. The breeze is dry, the tears are gone, and I want to worry about it. Difficult, difficult, difficult. People become different, today is not yesterday, and sick souls are often thousands of miles away. The bugle sounded cold, the night was dim, people were afraid to ask questions, and tears pretended to be happy. Hide, hide, hide!
Soon after writing the poem, Tang Wan died of illness. Leave a pair of "Chai Feng" for future generations to mourn. It can be said that Lu You's poems had such a great influence on Tang Wan because of the pun on the epigraph. Couples give each other tokens in order to be able to see things and think of people, starting with each other. A poem "Feng Shou Pin" brought the end of Tang Wan's life, and a Feng Shou Pin became the rest of his life.
How much weight does a hairpin have as a thing of love? Perhaps it is second to none in the jewelry boxes of the ancients.
Hairpins for his wife.
The word "oath of love", the person who loves, the true feelings, the person who believes, and the certificate. Since it's settled, you can't regret it. There are not many pledges of vows of eternal love. The bride price of the man is not only a private gift, but also a token, and it is a very serious token.
The marriage of China families must conform to the "Six Rites" system, and the most crucial one is to accept the bride price after "Naji" (marriage), which means that both parties are engaged. The bride price is of high value and represents the sincerity of the man. Mainly jade jewelry, Jin Fengchai, the ancestral gift given to Tang Wan by the Lujia family, is the most common bride price. Perhaps because jade is expensive, it is hard and indestructible to emphasize the seriousness of engagement. But as far as the hairpin itself is concerned, it means more.
There is an ancient drama called Chai Jing Ji, which has been staged since the Song Dynasty. What is Chai Jing? Li Shanfu's poem "Bitter Woman" in the Tang Dynasty said: "I don't know how to embroider clothes, but leisure comes from injury." The poor people use simple Vitex negundo as hairpins, which is so cold, but it leads to the embarrassing experience of the protagonist in the play.
During the Southern Song Dynasty, there was a scholar named Wang in Wenzhou. His family was poor, but he was brilliant. Money has an engagement with the king, and the queen mother regards it as her own servant. Although Sun Ruquan, a very rich man, proposed marriage, Qian kept her promise and married Wang, a poor scholar. After taking the senior high school entrance examination, Wang offended the prime minister by refusing to get married and was sent to serve in a remote place. Sun Ruquan was unfaithful, intercepted Wang's letter, changed it into a "divorce certificate", and joined forces with Qian's stepmother to force her to remarry. Yu Lian disobeyed and threw himself into the river. Fortunately, he was saved. Five years later, after all kinds of twists and turns, the two finally reunited and never separated. Chai Jing still wears Yu Lian's head as a symbol.
Whether Feng Chai or Chai Jing, the value of tokens lies not in its value, but in its meaning. The symbol of hairpin is of great significance. As far back as the Zhou Dynasty, it was already very symbolic. The queen of the emperor of the first 1 1 generation in the Western Zhou Dynasty was the princess of Qi. Queen Jiang took off her hairpin and stayed in Yongxiang for Zhou Xuanwang's early bed, saying that it was the king's jealousy and his own fault, indicating that he was not qualified to be a queen. Zhou Xuanwang was very moved by this move to revoke the license, and made great efforts to achieve Wang Xuan Zhongxing.
The predecessor of hairpin was called "Fu", and Hemudu culture in Neolithic age had carved decorative symbols. Among many ancient ornaments, it can be regarded as the only practical device. Different from other animals, human hair will keep growing, which is a big trouble. There are three kinds of hair styles of our ancestors-hanging hair, broken hair and braided hair. Braided hair is a tool for braiding hair.
It is not only practical, but also worthy of boasting. Of course, it is getting more and more attention. Since the Zhou Dynasty, a woman who has reached the age of 15 can get married, which is called betrothal. At this time, it is necessary to comb the original "bun" or "double hairpin" and fix it horizontally with a hairpin to show adulthood and marriage.
"Ceremony" is a major event in life, which means that a woman's identity has changed from a little girl to a woman to be married. After the ceremony, her words and deeds should also be solemn and respectful, in line with women's moral norms. The betrothed woman is regarded as a double happiness, and the ceremony is more grand. At the same time, tie a tassel thread on the bun, and leave it until the wedding day, and the husband will untie it, indicating that he is entrusted with life and respects obedience. If she is not allowed to marry, she should also pay tribute at the age of twenty, comb her hair in a bun and plug it in. Marriage is called marriage, and wife is called marriage. Chai, Chai, later called Chai, will certainly be cherished by women.
As late as the end of the Qing Dynasty, Emperor Guangxu's Yulong also had a jade hairpin handed down by Cixi, which was a relic of Emperor Qianlong and witnessed her noble status-Guangxu's wife, but Guangxu didn't like her. The Reform Movement of 1898 failed, and Guangxu was imprisoned in Taiwan Province. Yulong went to visit, but Guangxu not only coldly ordered her to kneel down, but also turned around and pushed her out. Due to excessive force, the jade hairpin on the jade faucet fell to the ground and broke into pieces. Yulong cried to Cixi for this, and Cixi was furious, which became the fuse of Guangxu's final tragedy. Hosta symbolizes the royal family's respect and recognition for chief official Yulong, and the fracture of Hosta also caused a real break between them.
Hairpins, shaped like giant needles, have colorful ends and sharp and hard ends. It can convey love and hurt.
Fly away and say goodbye.
China people will pin all kinds of ideas on their creation, which are warm and subtle. This is a token to express feelings, especially so. The combination of form and meaning of hairpin is particularly ingenious.
The appearance of hairpin was later than that of hairpin, which originated in the Spring and Autumn Period and became popular in the late Western Han Dynasty. Ladies in the Han dynasty like to comb their hair in a high bun, and there is a full-time barber in the court called "Chasing the Teacher". They use human hair, ponytails and other hair materials to pile up and combine on the original bun and comb it into a towering high bun. At this time, a single hairpin is not suitable for fixing and supporting a huge bun. Hairpins are longer than hairpins, and the hair ends are double-stranded, which can hold thick hair and have strong styling power for hair styles. Soon, the amorous ancients had strong feelings from this shape.
? There are a lot of similar expressions in ancient poems, which are romantic and sad. Unlike hairpin, hairpin is a kind of jewelry dedicated to women. Card issuing is single, and card issuing is double or at most. Hairpin is a variant of hairpin, or a conjoined hairpin, which can be disassembled and combined, and its meaning of "love" is more obvious. Compared with hairpin, hairpin is more likely to be a witness of gathering and parting.
In the new work Yang Guifei by Japanese kabuki master Yusaburo Bando, a walking hairpin becomes the only prop and clue in the whole work. In the play, Yang Guifei, dressed in white, met the alchemist and followed him to Chang 'an, overlooking the old capital. The imperial concubine took off the hairpin on her head and put it in the cymbal box, asking the alchemist to bring it back ... Mourning being sent to Chai Jin, silence is better than sound. This is very consistent with the poem in the second half of Bai Juyi's "Song of Eternal Sorrow", both in content and artistic conception: "Only the past is sentimental, and Jin Chai sends it." The hairpin keeps one share (box), and the hairpin breaks the gold (box) and divides the cymbals. "Our souls belong to each other," she said, "just like this gold and this shell." Somewhere, at some time, on earth or in heaven, we will be together. ..... "Golden hairpin is a complete set of hair accessories, including hairpin, which refers to the golden hairpin.
There are two special references to Chai in Song of Eternal Sorrow. One is "The cloud of her hair, the petal of her cheek, the golden ripple of her crown when she moves" at the beginning of Happiness by Xuanzong, and the other is "Cui Jinqiao is in a coquettish head" at the time of Jade Death by Yang Guifei-the ups and downs of life, and the contrast between the two is endless.
Hairpins scattered in the box, two people leave. Bai Juyi sympathized with the wicked mandarin ducks and couldn't bear to see their love destroyed in Maweipo. Therefore, in his long poem Song of Eternal Sorrow, he made up the story that Xuanzong abdicated to miss Yang Fei and asked the alchemist to look for the soul of Yang Fei, which pushed the emotion of the poem to a climax and left a glimmer of hope at the end of the tragedy.
In ancient times, there was a custom of farewell between lovers, that is, a woman divided her hairpin into two parts, one for herself and the other for each other, in order to synthesize a hairpin when they meet again in the future and never separate. Two hairpins have an opening and closing mechanism at the hairpins, which can be combined into one hairpin or divided into one hairpin. Every man and woman keeps one, and they make a promise. However, due to the uncertain future and changeable situation, it is full of sadness when it comes to "parting". Although the purpose of "separation" is to "get together" one day, under the ethical code, this intention often fails. Whether it is Janice's "Where the mirror is broken, the grass is green in front of the court" in the Song Dynasty or Nalan Xingde's "Why is Baochai wet because she is distracted from each other?"
The name Baochai written by Cao Xueqin is also a pun. In the sixth episode of A Dream of Red Mansions, Jia Baoyu saw a poem written by Daiyu and Baochai in a dreamland. The poem says: "Jade belt hangs down the forest, and gold hairpin buries the snow." Snow is called Xue Baochai, but it is Jin Chai who is buried in the snow at last, which means that she will die alone.
In A Dream of Red Mansions, people are called "Twelve Women of Jinling", while civilian women are called "Beijing Women". Hairpins are women's endorsements. When making hairpins, of course, we will try our best to choose precious materials, and the hairpins should be exquisite. Women who get beautiful hairpins mostly comb and shape their hair and wear it in a prominent position on the front, which is called "head face"; If it is worn on the temple, it is called touching the temple; Wearing it on the back of your hair is called "elegiac hair".
Handmade hairpin is precious love. Hairpins can be inserted horizontally, obliquely or from bottom to top, depending on the height of the bun. In the Eastern Han Dynasty, the number of flower pins needed by a lady in a high bun was up to 12. Hairpins are not only double-stranded, but also paired when inserted. There are many real flowers with the same pattern but opposite directions in the unearthed cultural relics, which can be seen to be made for symmetrical insertion and wearing. It is conceivable that when the ancients saw the hairpin, they thought of "in pairs", and the relationship between love and decoration was so interlinked.
Change with the situation.
When Bai Juyi wrote Song of Eternal Sorrow, Li Yang's token was nothing but a hairpin. This setting has a historical basis. Here I also want to talk about this famous walking hairpin.
According to the legend of Yang Fei in the Song Dynasty, in order to express his affection for Yang Fei, Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty specially ordered people to take the finest purple ground gold from Lishui (Jinsha River), carve it into a "step shake" and personally wear it on Yang Fei's temple. This is also recorded in the Tang Dynasty Miscellaneous Notes "An Shi Romance".
Walking is a kind of goddess jewelry. Just hearing a name is beautiful. However, this is also a literary and meaningful expectation. Buyao was originally a ceremonial ornament for women, and it was only worn when the Empress visited the temple in the Han Dynasty. Until the Jin and Southern and Northern Dynasties, Buyao still belonged to the category of "forbidden things" and was exclusively enjoyed by nobles. In the Han dynasty, the way of walking is this: gold is the phoenix, owl is under it, basket is in front of it, colorful jade hangs down and shakes. The women in Mawangdui silk painting in the Western Han Dynasty and Gu Kaizhi's A Picture of Women's History all wear striking dendritic steps. There was also a kind of "six-legged yoga" in the Han Dynasty-the stepping of six strands of pearls and jade. In a word, Buyao's appearance is dazzling and beautiful. No wonder it was discovered by the romantic Emperor Tang Ming and dedicated to beauty.
In addition to hype, there are many famous Baochai in history. Miscellanies of Xijing records the story of Qin and Han Dynasties, and tells the story of Li Furen, a maiko who was loved by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. One day, Li Furen's scalp suddenly itched, and Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty picked up the hairpin on her head and scratched it. When the news spread, Hosta got a nickname-Jade Grasping the Head. All the concubines in the palace fell in love with the hairpin, so that it was worth a hundred times at that time and became the first choice of the hairpin. Fan Qin, a Wei and Jin poet, wrote in his poem Love Poem: "Why do you want to get married? Gold thin painting scratch my head way
The story of Hosta tells the family crisis caused by a real Hosta and a fake love letter. Li Tingfu, a minister of the Ming Dynasty, betrothed his daughter to Wang Yulin, a son of a family friend. Cousin Xiuying's proposal failed to sprout evil thoughts. Sun matchmaker took bribes to borrow Xiuying's jade hairpin. Xiuying secretly placed her in a new house with forged love letters on her wedding day. When Wang Yulin saw it, Xiuying was snubbed and humiliated, and Xiuying in unknown so became depressed. After the truth came out, Wang Yulin felt guilty for his innocent wife. He wanted to study hard and take the exam, so he invited Feng Guan to apologize for Xiuying. In the play, this Hosta was originally a beautiful thing, but it was almost a family tragedy after being mismatched. However, when Wang Yulin saw the "evidence" for the first time, he immediately decided that his wife had made a money transaction with others, and there was no chance to explain it to Xiuying, because Hosta was a classic token.
There is another sentence in Fan Qin's "Love Poems": "How to comfort when leaving? Tortoise shell behind the ear. " This thing is also a code. Han Yuefu's "Advocating Songs and Thinking" says: "Thinking is in Hainan. When you leave, you don't know what gift to give me. You can only express your infatuation with that turtle hairpin with pearls. After giving it to me, I carefully wrapped the hair stick around the jade ring to express my deep attachment to you. Then I heard that you changed your mind, and I broke my hair hairpin in anger. Destroy it, and also want to destroy our feelings. From now on, don't be lovesick, lovesick gentleman! " In the poem, the woman carefully prepared a hawksbill for a distant lover as a lifelong promise. After hearing that the other party had made new progress, she was sad and angry. She destroyed the hairpin and burned it to ashes with her love, vowing to make a clean break with him.
When ancient women got precious tokens, they often became the catalyst for their loyalty to love. According to Lu Guimeng's Catalogue in the Tang Dynasty, during the Southern Dynasties, Xiao Baojuan, a young emperor, was very fond of Shu Fei Pan Yuer and spared no effort to build a magnificent fairy palace for her. The ground was hammered into a lotus with gold, so that when she walked, she could grow the lotus step by step. In order to let her from the street relive her old dreams, she also set up a market in the palace. It is also unusual for such an affectionate little emperor to send her a loving hairpin. He spent 6.5438+0.7 million yuan to buy a nine-Luan amber hairpin, and nine couples flew around the hairpin.
This spoiled love ended with the destruction of Nanqi. When planning to betroth her to the general Tianan, she said in a solemn voice, "In the past, when you met a master, you were inferior now. After death, I will not be humiliated. " He hanged himself. Su Shi felt that "the jade slave will not be lost to the east", and it is not necessarily a mistress in the mouth of the courtiers. Pan Yuer finally failed to fulfill his promise and gave up his life for the lover in his heart. Jiuluan amber chain spread to the Tang Dynasty and belonged to Princess Tongchang, the apple of Tang Yizong's eye. Unfortunately, Princess Tongchang died young, and this Baochai also disappeared.
Many hairpins made of jade jewelry are difficult to compare which one is more expensive and which one is lighter. Even the seemingly cheap copper hair clips should not be underestimated. There is a kind of "gold-plated copper hairpin", in which a thin layer of gold liquid is coated on the surface of the copper hairpin, which is not expensive in principle, but even the concubines are attracted by it. Because "copper core" and "copper heart" are only homophonic, as evidence of "love and faith", they are not exactly the same knot. Adding a golden cicada is called "the unity of knowledge and action".
Hairpin is a symbol of two of a kind's pure love, and it is also a proof of the reunion of Yuanyang after separation. In ancient life and literary works, small hairpin can be seen everywhere. This typical symbol of love often plays the role of "secret needle and thread" that runs through drama and concerns life.
Although it will make you happy and sad, it is beautiful after all.