Jadeite is a dense and massive aggregate formed by countless fine fibrous mineral crystallites, mainly jadeite. There are four main views on the formation of jadeite in nature:

The first view is that it is the desilication product of residual granite slurry that magma intruded into ultrabasic rocks under high pressure.

The second view is that primary albite is decomposed into jadeite during regional metamorphism; Or that albite first formed glaucophane schist with low metamorphic degree and then further metamorphic jadeite under the action of compressive and torsional stress and low temperature caused by plate collision.

The third view holds that granite veins and light gabbro veins were formed by metasomatism under the pressure of 12 ~ 14 kPa under the action of hot water solution with high sodium chemical potential.

According to the discovery of water-methane-jadeite three-phase inclusions in jadeite rocks, the fourth view is that jadeite is crystallized from the silicate melt of jadeite, which comes from the alkali-containing pyroxene layer widely existing in the mantle of 300 ~ 400 km.

Extended data

There are several explanations for the origin of the jade name. A name from a bird. This bird has very bright feathers. The male feathers are red, the female feathers are green, and the famous kingfisher (also known as the green feathered bird) is collectively called jade. So there is a saying in the industry that Fei is a man and Cui is a woman. In the Ming Dynasty, Burmese jade was named "Jade" after it was introduced to China. On the other hand, ancient "Cui" refers to emeralds produced in Hotan, Xinjiang. After the emerald was introduced into China, it was called "Fei Cui" to distinguish it from Hetian jade, and then it gradually evolved into "Emerald".

The mining, transportation, processing and sales of jadeite have always been done by Yunnan people. In an ancient Chinese temple in Amolubo, the ancient capital city of Myanmar, the names of 5,000 jade merchants in China are engraved on the inscription, which is also introduced in jade margin and jewelry. In the middle of the Ming Dynasty, senior eunuchs stationed in Tengchong, Baoshan, specializing in purchasing jewelry. At that time, the route from Yongchang Tengyue to Myitkyina, Myanmar, had been called "Jade Road" and "Baojing Road". At the peak of the trade route from Tengchong to Myanmar, more than 20,000 mules and horses pass through here every day, and Tengchong's jewelry trade accounts for almost 90% of the world's jade trade.

Baidu Encyclopedia-Emerald (Stone Jade Polycrystalline Aggregate)