Identification method of water → Drop a drop of water on jade, if it is dewdrop-shaped, it is real jade; The water droplets disappear quickly, which is a fake.

Touch by hand → Real jade will feel cold and lubricated if touched by hand.

Inspection method → Put jade in bright places such as sunshine and light. If the color is clear and the green is evenly distributed, it is a real jade.

Licking the tongue → licking the real jade with the tip of the tongue has a astringent feeling; Fake jade has no astringency.

Magnifying glass viewing method → Put the purchased jade under a magnifying glass to watch, mainly to see whether there are cracks. The jade without cracks is the best quality jade, followed by cracks. Even if it is real jade, the value of cracks is greatly reduced. The more cracks, the more obvious and the lower the value.

There is only one box of fake jade in the jar mentioned above. Although jar jade is very similar to jade, careful observation will reveal that it has pores. Compared with real jade, fake jade has tiny flying feet on its surface, which is not moistened for a long time, and it is brittle no matter how it is rubbed manually.

The fake jade that the stone pretends to be is similar to jade at first glance, but it is not moist, has excessive bright colors, is opaque and has lower hardness than jade. Because the hardness of real jade is low, it will not change no matter how it is rubbed. The more it is rubbed, the more moist it becomes. As soon as the stone is rubbed, it changes immediately and stripes appear.

In addition to the above methods, the identification of fake jade mainly depends on the quality of jade. In the era of underdeveloped science, the ancients could not identify the mineral composition of gems and jade, so every time they met gems, they should be distinguished by color. Today, although we have the knowledge of mineralogy, the color of jade is still one of the important basis for us to identify jade, because color is the most intuitive and easy to identify, and it can be seen with the naked eye.

The various colors of jadeite are related to its mineral composition. In other words, the color of jade is related to the absorption of visible light (white light) with different wavelengths by minerals. At the same time, color is also related to pigment ions and crystal defects contained in minerals.

With regard to the colors of traditional jade and common gemstones in China, the jewelry and handicraft industry in China has accumulated a lot of experience after years of accumulation, and many vivid color names have appeared. For example, jadeite includes emerald green (similar to the color of jadeite), brilliant green (jadeite is not black), boxwood green (jadeite is yellowish), bright poplar green (jadeite is bright), glass green (jadeite is transparent), Ying Ge green (the same color as Ying Ge feather), spinach green (strong but not bright), shallow water green (jadeite is light) and light sun green (light). Oil green (green and dark gray), lotus root starch (light pink and purple tone), violet (violet), chrome black (black green), white material (white) and jade material (full green).

Nephrite includes white (white jade), fat white (suet jade), bluish gray or bluish white (blue white jade), cyan (white gray, white green sapphire), yellow (topaz), green (emerald), black (black jade), colorful (nephrite opal produced in Taiwan Province Province), in addition to tiger skin jade, sugar jade and yellow-brown skin.

Lantian jade has green in white and yellow-green in white. The color is not uniform, often foggy and spotted.

Nanyang jade has white, green, purple, yellow, green, dark green, blue-green, pure blue, white in blue, white in green, milky white, purple white and so on. According to the statistics of Henan Geological Bureau, there are more than 30 colors.

Turquoise is green, grass green, yellow-green, white-green, pale white, light blue-green, sky blue, lake blue, and green with black spots and black lines.

Agate has many colors, such as red, bordeaux, brownish red, earth red, crimson, white, gray, gray, green, grass green, onion green, blue, blue-white, blue and so on, such as colored stripes or ribbons, which are various and varied.

Lapis lazuli is blue with purple tones, dark blue, dark blue, with Venus (containing pyrite) in the blue and white (containing calcite) in the blue.

Malachite is green, malachite green, dark green, light green and dark color, such as stripes, green and yellow-green.

Chrysocolla has light sky blue green, sky blue and turquoise.

Diamonds are colorless, white, black, purple, green, yellow, dark yellow, brown, yellowish brown, yellowish green, turquoise, blue and grayish black.

Ruby has red, light red, pink, crimson, brown red, blood red, rose purple and other colors.

Sapphires are blue, sky blue, light blue, dark blue, blue purple, purple, brown, yellow, yellow-green, colorless, gray and so on.

Emeralds are colorless, green, gray-green, yellow-green, yellow, gold, pink, emerald (emerald), sky blue (navy blue) and other colors.

Topaz has colorless, yellow, light yellow, wine yellow, blue, sky blue, light green, green, yellow-green and other colors.

Golden emeralds are colorless, yellow, light yellow, sunflower yellow, brown, tan, yellowish green, brownish green, swimming color (opal), discoloration (stone change) and so on.

Bi Sheng has red, crimson (double powder), light red, green, dark green, dark green, yellowish green, colorless, sky blue, grayish brown, cyan, blue, purple, swimming color (electric opal) and so on.

The garnet with purple teeth and black almandine is mainly red; Mainly red, but also rose red, thick red, black red garnet; There are green, yellow, yellow-green, green (Ural Emerald) calcium aluminum garnet; There are emeralds, calcium chrome garnets and so on.

Moonstone has many colors such as moonlight, white, gray, light blue, sky blue, green and swimming color.

The crystals are colorless, purple (amethyst), brown (tea crystal), black (ink crystal) and pink, and contain inclusions (crystals) of needle-like minerals such as green, black and yellow, and shiny crystals of phlogopite and hematite.

Fluorite is colorless, light blue, blue-green, green, yellow, yellowish green, purple, pink, green and other variegated colors.

As can be seen from the above, many jade and precious stones are the same and similar in color. When colors cannot be distinguished, it is necessary to identify them with the help of mineralogical knowledge and instruments. For example, the transparency and luster of jade, the luminosity of jade and precious stones, the specific gravity and hardness of jade, the optical constants of ancient five minerals, observing the microscopic world of ancient jade minerals, and identifying ancient jade by chemical analysis. Besides naked eye observation, the color, luster and transparency of jadeite must be measured by various instruments based on the knowledge of petrochemistry and mineralogy. Especially chemical analysis and electron microscope determination can not only accurately judge the quality of jade, but also infer the origin of jade. As long as the quality of jade is determined, all fake jade will be seen through.

There are usually several simple ways to distinguish:

1, water identification method drop a drop of water on jade, if it is dewdrop, it is real jade; The water droplets disappear quickly, which is a fake.

2, hand touch method If the real jade is touched by hand, there is a feeling of cold and lubrication.

3. In the inspection method, jade is guided to bright places, such as sunlight and lighting. If the color is clear and the green is evenly distributed, it is a real jade.

4, tongue licking method, the tip of the tongue licking jade has astringency; Fake jade has no astringency.