Mummies, or mummies. Ancient Egyptians buried corpses with antiseptic spices, which dried up over the years and formed mummies. The ancient Egyptians believed that after death, the soul would not die, but would still cling to the corpse or statue. Therefore, after the death of Pharaoh, they were all mummified as a hope and deep memory of the deceased.

Mummy originally meant asphalt, referring to a dry and uncorrupted corpse. Egypt has found the largest number of mummies, the earliest time and the most complicated technology. When the Egyptians made mummies, they first took out part of the brain marrow from the nostrils of the dead body with iron hooks and injected some drugs into the brain for cleaning. Then use a sharp stone knife to cut a hole in the side abdomen, take out the internal organs completely, clean the abdomen, fill it with coconut milk wine and mashed spices, and sew it as it is. After this step is completed, the body is put into baking soda powder for 70 days, then it is washed, wrapped with linen bandage from head to toe, and coated with gum commonly used in Egypt instead of ordinary glue, and then the body is handed over to relatives, who put it in a special humanoid wooden box and keep it in the tomb, standing upright against the wall.

This expensive method of disposing of corpses is generally suitable for pharaohs, dignitaries and the rich. It is much easier for the poor to make mummies. Wash the abdomen with laxatives, then soak the body in soda powder for 70 days, take it out, let the wind blow dry and bury it in a dry sand dune.

The ancient Egyptians, rich or poor, were mummified after their death. This is because the ancient Egyptians believed that people were composed of body and soul, and even in the world of the underworld, the dead still needed their own bodies. A corpse is not a "useless corpse". As long as the body is well preserved, it can always be used. The soul is gradually lost with the gradual destruction of the body, and the complete destruction of the body means the complete disappearance of the soul. As long as the body is preserved and the soul has a place to live, the dead can be reincarnated.

The specific manufacturing process and method are as follows:

If someone dies, his body is first sent to a place called the "clothing department": it is dedicated to purifying the body. After the body was washed with soda water, it was sent to a place called "Babet" (meaning pure land) or "Per-Napier" (meaning beautiful house) to complete the filling of spices. So mummies are being made.

Herodotus left us detailed information about this.

First, apply melted turpentine to your face to protect your facial image and prevent it from drying too fast.

Second, brain pulp processing. The craftsman inserted the chisel into the left nostril, crushed the ethmoid bone, and then used tools to rotate in the brain, destroying the brain marrow. Insert a very small long-handled spoon into the brain from the nostril, dig out the brains, and finally put some drugs and spices into the empty skull. Brain marrow is generally not preserved.

Third, take out the internal organs. The stomach, intestine, liver and lung were taken out through the left incision in the abdomen. Then use palm oil as cleaning solution to clean the chest and abdomen. Sometimes these organs are neatly wrapped in turpentine balls and put into the mummy's abdomen, and sometimes they are put into a small jar with a lid and then put into the abdomen. Small pots are becoming more and more complicated from the ancient kingdom to the new kingdom.

At first, there were some simple pot covers, but in the Middle Kingdom, there were pot covers with heads. In the early18th century, the lid of the jar was guarded by the "son of Horace". However, it was forbidden to take out the heart in ancient Egypt. They regard the heart as a symbol of wisdom and try their best to keep it in the body. In the book of the dead in the New Kingdom, there are three people on duty who take turns guarding the heart.

Fourth, dehydration. This is an important drying process. The craftsmen first wrapped the soaked alkali and other temporary fillers in cloth, and then soaked them in dry soaked alkali powder for about 40 days. After the water is drained, they take out the stuffing inside and put crushed myrrh, cinnamon, soaked alkali, sawdust and so on in cloth bags. Finally, they carefully stitched the incision and pasted a piece of skin with Horace's eyes painted on it, because the ancient Egyptians missed the strong healing and protection of this skin.

Fifth, cosmetic surgery. In order to keep the mummy's skin soft, it was selectively coated with a mixture of milk, wine, spices, beeswax, turpentine and asphalt to beautify the skin. Mummy's eyes are full of linen and stones, which are very vivid. The mummy was finally coated with turpentine to prevent moisture, and the makeup artist also sprinkled a layer of carmine on the mummy's cheeks, wearing a braided wig, clothes and the best jewelry.

Sixth, the bag. Egyptians thought it was dangerous to be buried, so prayers were accompanied during the whole process (usually 15 days). Every time the hand that bandages the body moves, it is accompanied by solemn prayers or magic spells, and protective strips are placed between linen bandages. They attach great importance to keeping it in their hearts. Amulets are generally made of scarab-shaped or heart-shaped green stones with the words "Preserve the heart of the deceased so that it will not produce anything harmful to its owner". Other amulets were placed near the mummy's body or wrapped in linen.

Seventh, the mummy greeted his card. The time is usually 70 days. After that, Anubis secretly returned the mummy to his family for burial.

The Walking Dead

A zombie (or "zombie") is a corpse that does not rot for a long time after death and becomes like a mummy. The reason for non-decay may be climate or soil quality, but there is no physical report yet.

In unofficial history in the Qing Dynasty, there was a story of a strong corpse (written by Dong Xuan). Roughly speaking, in the early years of the Qing Dynasty, there was a small village in the west of southern Hunan. A rogue in the village was poisoned by ptomaine for robbing a tomb and was saved by an old man, but was beaten by the whole village for doing something wrong again and left to fend for itself in the grass in the back hill.

A few days later, he asked for help again, but this time no one wanted to help him. The villagers beat him and tied him to a tree. Although some people spoke out to discourage it, no one paid attention. Finally, he died in a tree. In the evening, the villagers wanted to bury him, but they found the body missing.

Finally he came back and killed the whole village. The villagers were bitten and turned into zombies. Some villagers who left in time turned into zombies when they visited the village in the morning.

origin

Zombies prevailed after the middle of Ming and Qing Dynasties. Most people recorded zombies in the Qing Dynasty, and Yuan Mei's Zi Wu Yu and Ji Xiaolan's Notes on Yuewei Caotang were the earliest. These two books can be called "zombies".

The theory of corpse removal in Xiangxi, also known as the theory of moving souls, belongs to a branch of You Zhu in Maoshan, and originated in Yuanling, Luxi, Chenxi and Xupu counties in Xiangxi. When the body was not rotted, it was rushed back to the village by the warlock. Corpse hunters and magicians travel in small groups. Some of them tied the bodies with ropes every few feet, and then put yellow paper symbols on their foreheads. Others beat gongs to clear the way and row boats at night. Throw away the stack before dawn, uncover the paper, stand against the wall and continue on the road at night.

It was also pointed out that the corpse driver actually carried the corpse, but because he was dressed in black at night, passers-by naturally couldn't see the corpse driver and thought there was a corpse.

Zombie nickname

According to the Meridian Rain and Yuewei Caotang Notes, zombies have three nicknames:

Move the body

Walking shadow

A scrawny person

The Notes of Yuewei Caotang divides the corpse into two reasons: the sudden change of the new corpse and the long-term burial without decay.

The concept of corpse change

Vegetarian meal in a corpse, which is more scientific? The pH of soil is extremely unbalanced, which is not suitable for the growth of organic matter, so it will not breed ants and bacteria. Even if the body is buried for a hundred years, the muscle hair will not rot. Some data show that the hair and nails of the corpse will continue to grow. There is also this sentence in Feng Shui.

It is rumored that Taoism has the method of refining the moon, and the body will be buried for hundreds of years and resurrected after the expiration.

The body that just died was possessed by an evil thing/soul.

The body absorbs yang, which makes people angry and changes the body.

When a person dies, his soul is scattered and his spirit is stagnant.

Yuan Mei's Yu Woods: "The human soul has good and evil, but the human soul is ignorant." The soul dominates the human body, leaving the human body will become an evil zombie.

Three souls and seven spirits is a Taoist saying.

Soul is a positive spirit, which is attached to human spirit and dominates spiritual thinking activities.

Spirit is a kind of female spirit, which is attached to human body and dominates human physical activities.

Possibility of corpse change:

People are buried after death.

Even in the 1950 s, there were funerals and mortuaries in Hong Kong, so the theory of social corpse transformation was very popular at that time, such as lightning and thunder, when a pregnant cat jumped over a coffin, the corpse would change.

Zombie species

Zombie corpse is a monster influenced by the essence of the sun and the moon. Meridian rain divides zombies into eight varieties:

Purple hardness

White stiffness

Green hardness

Stiff hair

Fly stiffly

Zombies can become monsters and become vicious (or Hiderigami). Nervously, he said, "There are people two or three feet long in the south, naked, with their eyes on them, walking like the wind. Their name is Hao, and the country they see is drought and thousands of miles away. " Zombies can fly, kill dragons and swallow clouds, and cause drought. So whenever there is a drought, people will search for zombies and burn them to ashes.

Wandering corpse

Bury the body

Boneless

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Zombies eat human flesh and suck blood. The Notes of Yuewei Caotang once described the appearance of a zombie as follows: "White hair is covered, eyes are red as cinnabar, fingers are crooked, teeth are exposed outside the lips like sharp knives ... kissing and hissing, and blood comes out of the nose ...". 」

A magic weapon against zombies

The recovered zombie artifacts include the following categories:

Mirror. "Compendium of Materia Medica" records: "Mirror is the essence of golden water, which is bright inside and dark outside. 」

Peach branches, peach wooden swords. Story of Jingchu Times: "Peach lovers, the essence of the five elements, can hate evil spirits and control all ghosts. 」

The cock crows. Yan: "Ghosts flinch when they hear chickens crow. 」

Seven jujube stones. Yan: "Seven jujube stones were nailed to the back of the body. 」

broom

Jason Chung

I Ching

yearbook

Mo Dou line

Masonry cone

Axe ruler

Glutinous rice, rice, rice sieve, red beans

It's on fire. This is the ultimate way to kill a body. Yu: "set fire to it, croak and blood gush." 」

Zombies in movies

Zombies are a very popular theme in Hong Kong movies in the1980s. In movies, putting a symbol on a zombie's forehead can make the zombie fall asleep. In movies, zombies always wear Qing Dynasty costumes, always keep their arms straight forward, and generally jump forward. The west is also called a zombie. Unlike zombies in the Qing dynasty, they can stretch their arms at will and walk in human form.

In addition, in the geomantic custom of Chinese architecture, a wooden board (threshold) about 15cm high is usually installed under the gate to prevent zombies from jumping into the house.

trait

Open classification:

Mental class

References:

1. According to ancient records.

2. Zombies can be roughly divided into three categories:

3. 1. Shadow corpse

4.& gt& gt& gt Remember the international superstar Teresa Teng who died in 1980s? It was also published in the newspaper. Later, mother Deng told the media that she dreamed of her daughter's dream every night and said, mom, I'm so cold ... she belongs to this category!

This kind of cremation usually does great harm to relatives in the sun world and needs to be dealt with by experts immediately. If it is ignored ... Hehe ... Just keep reading and you will understand. ...

6.2. Skinny people

7.& gt& gt& gt The evolution of the shadow corpse, as the name implies, has the ability to walk, but has no ability to jump! This type of clown usually appears at midnight. It is said that it walks like a drunk, and it is not difficult to tell.

Usually, when it appears, it will wear its clothes (like a shroud) and a hat that I don't know where it came from. If you happen to meet it unfortunately, don't be afraid, it hasn't been decided yet.

9. Ability, so I won't take the initiative to attack you. If you want to see it, introduce a good place, Dapinglin, where there is a mass grave with a long history. I believe you can see it, and there are a lot of it. You can see it. ...

10.3. Tian Fei Xinjiang corpse

11.>> The final form of zombies has been in the way for more than a hundred years. They can fly and hide by all means, and they are possessed with magic, which will attack human beings! But don't be afraid, there are no such Xinjiang corpses in Taiwan Province Province, only the walking dead at most.

12. On the vast continent, it is only 6.7. It is said that the Loess Plateau once appeared, but local residents said it was only once!