The official name of the Tower of London is "The Palace and Castle of Her Majesty the Queen of London", although the last ruler who lived as a palace centuries ago was James I (1566 to 1625). The Tower of London used to be a fortress, an armory, a treasury, a mint, a palace, an observatory, a refuge and a prison, especially for prisoners in the upper class. This last usage gave birth to the phrase "sent to the tower", which means "in prison". Elizabeth I was imprisoned here for some time during the reign of her sister Mary I; The Tower of London was last used as a prison during World War II, when rudolf hess was imprisoned. 1988 is listed as a world cultural heritage. The Tower of London is the most popular historical attraction in the British Isles, receiving 2.5 million visitors every year. One of the most attractive is the Treasure Hall, where a full set of royal treasures are displayed. 1In March, 994, a brand-new treasure house located in the underground of Waterloo District was unveiled by Queen Elizabeth II. Jewelry is displayed in a series of bright glass cabinets in the exhibition hall, and visitors slowly pass through the automatic passage. The huge screen above the glass cabinet shows the historical panorama of these jewels and their role in the coronation ceremony. The coronation ceremony can be traced back to the time of Edward the Confessor, the king of England, and the jewels on Queen Elizabeth's coronation ceremony came from the Restoration of charles ii in 1660 or later. In A.D. 1650, the Puritans in oliver cromwell's short-lived regime despised the monarch's magnificent ornaments and sold the royal treasures of the Middle Ages. Some survived and eventually returned to the royal collection. Royal scepter, horn and royal sword are displayed in front of visitors in turn; A jewel-encrusted sword given to the monarch by the archbishop; The oldest items in royal jewelry, the golden holy oil bottle and oil spoon used by medieval monarchs to smear holy oil; Coronation robe; Crown, scepter, ball with a cross at the top, including the golden crown made by Edward for charles ii, are still used in the authorization ceremony; A crown covered with precious stones is specially made for Queen Victoria and worn on occasions such as holding parliament. On the cross at the bottom of the crown, there is a big ruby from black prince. Black prince loves 14 15 the helmet worn by Henry V in the battle of tapiscia sinensis and the sapphire of Stuart's royal family. On the cross at the top, there is a sapphire, which is said to come from Edward the Confessor's own ring. On the scepter of the royal family, the world's largest diamond "Star of Africa" shines. Next to the Treasure Hall is the magnificent White Pagoda, originally built by William the Conqueror at the end of 1 1. King Norman, who defeated Saxon king Harold in Hastings, built strong castles all over England to consolidate his victory. The address he chose for London was the former Roman camp on the Thames. In A.D. 1078, he entrusted the construction project to Gandalf, Bishop of Rochester. In the chronicle written by him 12 century, William Fitzstephen described it as "a very great and strong Malandin Tower". Unlike wooden Saxon buildings, the Tower of London is made of Kent limestone and decorated with white granite from Caen. The white tower of London has conical towers at its four corners, and it still looks down all around. The construction of ancillary structures lasted for centuries, and finally included 13 tower in infield and 6 towers and redoubts in outfield. Once upon a time, the only entrance on land was a 30-meter-wide causeway with walls, which led to the castle building of the Lion Tower. There are wild animals raised by the king wandering here. The manager of the tower can get 14p every day, and 6p can be used to buy a lot of raw meat for lions, leopards, bears and wolves. Today, the Lion Tower no longer exists, and wild animals were sent to the newly-built London Zoo in A.D. 1834. Now the entrance passes through the gate of the central tower, through another smaller causeway laid on the moat drained in A.D. 1834, and reaches the side building, where there are guards wearing bright red shirts and black leather hats. The towers standing in front of tourists evoke people's memories of the cruelty and suffering of many centuries, grand celebrations and all the great achievements made by the kingdom here. There is no better description of the original use of the Tower of London than John Stowe's A Journey to London published in A.D. 1598. This tower is a castle, used to defend or control the whole city; It is a palace where meetings or agreements are held; This is the national prison where the most dangerous enemy is held; It was the only coinage place in Britain at that time; This is an armory where weapons are stored; It is a treasure house of royal ornaments and jewels, and it is also an archive that preserves a large number of records of the king in the Palace of Westminster. William the Conqueror's huge white Tower of London is calling us. After the great fire broke out in Windsor City in 1993, the Royal Palace Management Office, which manages the Tower of London, built a safety exit on the second floor, which can evacuate as many as 1000 tourists to the first floor with obvious signs. A fire detection and alarm system is also set up. Treasure Hall has a fire control center, which can control the whole site. St. John's church occupies part of the second and third floors, and the white tower preserves the most exquisite armor in Europe. Henry VIII's huge armor can be seen in the Tudor armory on the top floor. Renaissance and medieval armor are displayed on the second floor, and armor for instant combat is on the first floor. On the left of the White Pagoda is a meadow called Green Pagoda. At Queen Victoria's command, a sign indicating the location of the guillotine stood. The highest-ranking man who coveted the throne was beheaded here. Two unfortunate wives of King Henry were buried in Greta. They were accused of adultery, but Queen Anne, the mother of Elizabeth I, may be innocent. Her sentence was postponed because Anne demanded that it be executed by a skilled executioner with a sword from France. On the morning of the execution of Anne1May 2, 536 1536, she asked the officers in the tower if they had seen the sword and if it was sharp. The official gave a positive answer. "Well," said Annie, "I am satisfied because I have a slender neck." The king was wearing a cross and a yellow coat symbolizing happiness when gunshots were announced in the tower. He soon married jane seymour again. Anne was burned in nearby St. Peter's and Winkula's churches, and Queen Catherine was buried here. The last people who died here were Queen Elizabeth's merry knight and the Earl of Essex who peeped at the throne. Nowadays, crows with plump and smooth feathers strut on the green tower that has witnessed countless blood and sufferings, and the wind sighs among the tall buttonwood trees. Legend has it that once eight carefully protected ravens leave, the tower will also collapse. The ancient lock ceremony is held at ten o'clock every night. The ceremony was presided over by a warden, accompanied by a sergeant and three guards wearing bright red shirts and black fur hats. The warden locked the outermost door first, then locked the door of the middle tower, and finally locked the door of the side fort. After returning to the inner city, an officer with a sword challenged him. The guards took out their weapons; The warden raised his Tudor hat and shouted, "God protect Queen Elizabeth!" " The bell rang, and a hand blew the clear and long name of the night, echoing in the distant memory of the majestic Tower of London 900 in the dark. The history of the Tower of London has been nearly a thousand years, but its functions are constantly changing: castle, palace, treasure house, powder magazine, mint, prison, zoo and now London tourist area. The Tower of London is a group of towers with a Norman-style tower at the center. It is the oldest building in the tower, also known as the great tower and the central fortress. It is three stories high with a tower at the top. Except for the tower in the northeast corner, the other three towers are all square. The White Pagoda is 90 feet high, with a bottom thickness of 15 feet and an upper thickness of 1 1 foot. There are many four-story defensive buildings around the White Pagoda. As an internal defense structure, there are 13 pagodas, of which Wickfield Pagoda, White Pagoda and Beacham Pagoda are the most famous. As a peripheral defense, there are six towers and two redoubts, such as the middle tower and the well tower. There is no moat around the outermost layer as a prison. Many nobles and politicians in British history have held here. During World War II, rudolf hess, Hitler's deputy, also entered the Tower of London through the traitor gate under the moat of St. Thomas, and was imprisoned here. St. John's Church in Baita is the oldest church in existence. The whole church is built in a typical Norman structure and looks grand and solemn. The Tower of London was originally built to control the whole city of London, covering an area of 65,438+08 acres. Because after the expansion and renovation of two generations of monarchs, it also reflects the different styles of different times in Britain. It can be said that the Tower of London is the crystallization of the wisdom of various times in Britain, and there have been fortresses, palaces, prisons, the Royal Mint and the London Archives. Now it seems to have completed its historical mission. It is an exhibition hall for crowns, robes, weapons and armor. The most famous is the Royal Treasure Hall in the tower, which mainly displays/kloc-national treasures inlaid with jewels such as the monarch's crown, golden ball and scepter since the 7th century. The armory shows all kinds of weapons, armor and battle robes used by the royal family in past dynasties. The earliest known fortress built here is the Roman castle used by Claudius to protect Umm, Rendini. 1078, William the Conqueror ordered people to build the White Pagoda to protect the Normans from people living in London and protect London from others. Early castles (including those in Rome) were all made of wood, but William ordered his subordinates to rebuild the tower with the big stones he brought back from France. Lionheart built a moat around the city wall and introduced the Thames. The construction of moat has not been very successful, only Henry III cited the Dutch moat construction technology. Later 1830 drained the moat water, and human bones were found in the waste at the bottom of the river. When traveling to Britain, the famous Tower of London is a must for tourists. It is a Norman castle building with a history of more than 900 years, near the tower bridge on the north bank of the Thames. The Tower of London was built by William I in 1087 to suppress the local people and defend the city of London. It has lasted for 20 years and can be called a classic castle in medieval England. /kloc-in the third century, later generations built thirteen towers around it, forming an arched acropolis, making the Tower of London not only a solid barracks castle, but also a magnificent palace, as well as small buildings such as observatories, prisons, churches, execution grounds, zoos and docks. The most important and oldest building in the Tower of London is the Normandy Tower in the center of the fortress, which is the main body of the whole building complex. Because it was built of ivory stone, it was called White Pagoda in history. The White Pagoda is the strongest place where the owner lives and garrisons, which symbolizes William the Conqueror's increasingly consolidated and expanded power to some extent. The building is 32.6 meters high and is divided into three floors. The wall thickness varies from three to four meters to four or six meters. It has double walls and small windows. The door and window are separated by white stones, and its top is serrated. Four towers are projected from the four corners of the tower, and all three sides are round. There are spiral stairs in the corner to reach the top floor. The Tower of London is of great significance in the royal palace of England. As a fortified fortress and palace, several generations of British kings have lived here, so it has become a practice to live in the Tower of London before the king was crowned. The Tower of London is also a famous prison. Many princes, nobles and political celebrities have been held in British history. In addition, the ancient Tower of London also played the role of mint, observatory and zoo in history. Later, it became a place where the imperial court plotted and the royal family fought. The two youngest sons of King Edward IV of England of England, the king before Edward, his cousin and younger brother, and the two queens of Henry VIII were imprisoned here and executed. For a long time, the Tower of London has become a creepy "death prison". Of course, there are no prisoners in the Tower of London now, only crows who have lived here since the 13th century have not moved away. Legend has it that if the raven leaves here, the tower will fall and the dynasty will fall. Therefore, these crows have become the most spoiled permanent guests for generations.