Let me introduce you:
Coral is a kind of marine cylindrical coelenterate, which is automatically fixed on the calcareous remains of ancestral corals at the stage of white larvae. Coral is the shell secreted by coral polyps. The chemical composition of coral is mainly CaCO3, which exists in the form of microcrystalline calcite aggregate with a certain amount of organic matter. Most of them are dendritic with longitudinal stripes on them. Each coral has concentric circles and radial stripes in its cross section. The color is often white, but there are also a little blue and black. Gem-grade corals are red, pink and orange. Red is formed because coral absorbs about 1% iron oxide in seawater during its growth, and black is formed because it contains organic matter. It has glass luster to waxy luster, opaque to translucent, and the refractive index is 1.48- 1.66. The hardness is 3.5-4, the density is 2.6-2.7g/cm3, and the density of black coral is relatively low, which is 1.34g/cm3. Sexually fragile. Strong foaming in hydrochloric acid. No fluorescence.
Coral image is like branches, bright and beautiful, and can be used as decorations.
Echinozoa of the class Polypodiaceae. Characterized by calcareous, horny or leathery endoskeleton or exoskeleton. The word coral also refers to the bones of these animals, especially calcareous ones.
There are about 1 1,000 species of stony corals (1230:Madreporaria or Scleractinia); There are about 100 species of black coral and spiny coral (antipatharia); There are about 65,438+0,200 species of gorgonacea; There is only one kind of blue coral (Coenothecalia).
Coral is just a hydra-shaped individual, hollow and cylindrical, with the lower end attached to the surface of the object and a mouth surrounded by one or more tentacles at the top. Tentacles are used to collect food. Lithocarpus (Bifidobacterium) can stretch tentacles to a certain extent, and there are specialized cells (stinging cells) on tentacles. When the stinging cells are stimulated, they will turn out the stinging silk sac and paralyze their prey with stinging silk.
Eggs and sperm are produced by gonads on the diaphragm and discharged into seawater through the mouth. Fertilization usually occurs in seawater and sometimes in the gastric circulation cavity. Usually fertilization only occurs between eggs and sperm of different individuals. The fertilized egg develops into a floating larva, which is covered with cilia and can swim. After a few days to weeks, it will be fixed on the solid surface and develop into a hydra. It can also be propagated by budding, which will not be separated from the original hydra after budding. New buds keep forming and growing, so they breed into groups. When the new hydra grows and develops, the old hydra under it dies, but the skeleton remains in the population.
Rock coral is the bluest coral (Heliopora). As we all know, it is widely distributed and lives alone or in groups. Like black coral and spiny coral, the number of septa is 6 or multiple of 6, and the tentacles are simple and have no feathers. Stone coral, black coral and spiny coral are different from related anemones mainly because of their exoskeletons. Rock corals can be found in all oceans from the tidal zone to the depth of 6000 meters (about 20000 feet). For species living in groups, the diameter of hydra is 1? 30 mm (0.04? 1.2 inch). Most living stone corals are light yellow, light brown or olive, depending on the algae living on the coral. But its bones are always white. The largest stone coral living in a single cell is an animal of Fungia with a diameter of about 25 cm (10 inch).
The skeleton of stone coral is cup-shaped, wrapped with hydra, and its composition is almost pure calcium carbonate. Its growth rate depends on age, food supply, water temperature and species. Ring coral islands and coral reefs are formed by the bones of stone corals, and their formation rate is about 0.5 per year on average. 2.8 centimeters. The common stone coral species are nautilus coral, mushroom coral, star coral, staghorn coral and so on, all of which are named after their shapes.
The growth environment of red coral
Coral is a creature belonging to Echinoderm, which also includes jellyfish, corals, soft corals, anemones and other animals. Coral is caused by many corals. Each coral has a hollow cylindrical body, the bottom is sealed, its intestinal cavity is connected with the surrounding corals, and the mouth in the center of the body is surrounded by tentacles. We usually divide corals into stony corals, octocorals and hydrozoans, which have different morphological characteristics. In addition to biological classification, we can also divide corals into two categories according to their ecological functions. Corals with algae (that is, zooxanthellae) are called reef-building corals, and those without algae are called non-reef-building corals.
Ecological characteristics of stony coral
According to the ecological environment and characteristics of stony corals (Table 2), they can be divided into reef-building corals. Non-reef-building corals (or deep-water stony corals) can be divided into two categories.
2. The external tentacle buds of Cephalosporidae form massive, leaflike or branched groups. Coral body is sheng-shaped, generally less than 2mm in diameter and sheathed. * * * There are thorns or grooves on the bone surface. Axle-free columns or axle columns are small and weak. The common species of this family are Acrop- ora, Montipora and As- treopora.
2. 1 Deer is a branch, some branches are identical, and a few short branches are blocky or shell-shaped. There is a large axial coral and many radial corals at the top of branches or branchlets. Radiation corals are tubular, nose-shaped, tube-nose-shaped, lip-shaped and semi-oblique-mouth tubular. This is one of the characteristics that distinguish species. Leaf sheaths are reticulate or pseudo-ribbed, without axial columns. This genus is the dominant genus in the Indo-Pacific flora, with the largest species and quantity, and the greatest change with the environment. For example, a. humilis, a rough antler coral, has a big shell at the bottom of the colony, and its branches are short and thick in a strong wind environment; In a stable environment with small waves, the branches are fully developed and the long bamboo shoots are tall and strong. Nereis elegans is the dominant species in Indo-Pacific region.
2.2 Rosa species are lumpy, leaflike, multi-branched or shell-shaped. Coral cup is small, with a diameter less than 1mm, axiless coral body, porous wall and axiless column. * * * The skeleton is reticulate, dotted with small vertical bone spurs of various shapes. This genus is common in coral reefs, and Montipora digitata is the dominant species in the intertidal zone of reef platform. There are also common leaflike bodies, such as roses.
3. The Agaricus population consists of inner and outer tentacle buds, and the wall is a synaptic truss wall, with or without holes. The shaft column is composed of trabecula, round or long; Some are shaftless columns. The common genera of this family are Pavona and Pachyseris.
3. 1 Coral peony population consists of round and concave edge buds. It is a horizontal plate, one-sided corrugated, shell-shaped, columnar or double-sided leafy group. The diaphragm forms a ridge, connected or unconnected by a synapse. Axial column protrudes from flat trabecular bone or does not exist. The common species in this genus are cruciferous, Grifola frondosa and mutant flowers.
3.2 Phyllostachys pubescens is leaflike or unplanned, and the ridge formed by the diaphragm coral edge of leaflike group is long and parallel to the edge; Large-scale groups have different ridge lengths. P.rugosa, this is a common coral.
4. A colony or monomer of the fungus family of Corallinaceae, which has an adherent stalk in the larval stage and lives freely in the adult stage, and is disc-shaped or rectangular. Group single or multi-port roads. Close the truss wall. There are many septa, which are transparent in larval stage. Coral ribs have thorns continuously or intermittently. Small beams and columns or underdeveloped. The type of septate and backstab is an important feature of species fixation. The common genera of this family are fungi, Pteris rotundifolia, Pteridophyta, Pteridophyta, Herpolitha, Halomitra, Sandalolitha and Podabacia. Coral genus in Shi Zhi is single, disc-shaped or oval, flat or convex, which varies with the living environment of larvae. Adults have holes in their body walls. Most coral ribs degenerated into backstab, and the diaphragm was nonporous. Diaphragm edge teeth and backstab are important features of classification. Life is mostly yellow, and a few edges have a circle of rose red. Common fungi are Fusarium, Fusarium echinosporium and so on.
5. Reef-building corals are endangered animals in the ocean.
Appendices 1 and 2 of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora clearly point out that all species of Quercus belong to the second-class endangered wild animals. 1997 is the international year of coral reefs, calling on all mankind to protect coral reefs that are on the verge of serious degradation. The destruction of coral reefs is becoming more and more serious, turning the oasis in the blue desert into a real desert. According to "1997 Global Coral Reef Survey", coral reefs around the world are generally destroyed, 95% of which are caused by human factors. They called for saving coral reefs. Restoring the ecosystem destroyed by coral reefs has become a hot spot of concern, because the backbone (or framework) of modern coral reefs is reef-building corals, and the first thing to bear is the death of reef-building corals. The restoration of coral reef ecosystem means the vigorous development and growth of reef-building coral communities. Therefore, for the sake of mankind and future generations, we should consciously care for nature and protect the species of reef-building corals. Coral hardness is similar to lapis lazuli, brittle and easily broken, with red as the top grade and red coral as red as fire, which was called "fire tree" in ancient times. Most red corals live in the deep sea below 100 meters. It is found in the waters near Taiwan Province Province and Xiamen, China, with pink body color and small limbs. The world-famous red coral is found in the Mediterranean and Atlantic oceans. Red coral is mainly used in jewelry products (making necklaces. Rings or pins, etc. ), used for carving figures, flowers and other handicrafts. At present, the red coral seen in China market is mainly imported from Japan, which is in short supply and expensive.
[Source] Tang Herbal Medicine.
The original samples are calcareous bones secreted by corals, peach corals and other corals.
Functional indication
To improve your eyesight and calm your mind. Treat blindness, epilepsy and vomiting.
Sexual taste orientation
Tang Herbal Medicine: "Sweet in taste, flat in nature and non-toxic."
dosage
Oral administration: grinding into powder, 1-2 points. External use: grinding the final eye.
Protozoa peach coral, aquatic coelenterate, the population is dendritic. The branches are fan-shaped and fine, and there are many corals on the surface, which are called corals; This worm is hemispherical and has eight pinnate tentacles with a mouth in the center. This worm can secrete lime to form bones, commonly known as "coral". The surface of the skeleton is red and shiny. The central axis is white. Hard and beautiful.
Born on rocks at the bottom of the sea. Hydra often preys on microbial or biological fragments with tentacles. Sexual reproduction and asexual reproduction, and most of them are engaged in sexual reproduction. Division of Taiwan Province Province and South Coast.
Allocation of resources
Distributed in Taiwan Province Province and the southern coast. Location: Fujian, Taiwan Province, Guangdong and Xisha Islands.
medicinal material
A complete person is like a small tree. They are usually broken into short rods, 2-3 cm long and 3-5 mm in diameter. There are branches or small protrusions, and there are many small holes around them, red. Hard as porcelain, not easy to break. No taste. It is best to be red, heavy, crisp and strong inside and outside.
Use a net to hang down to the bottom of the sea for fishing. Most of them are extracted from the residues of handicrafts and used for medicine.
job operation
Cleaning, air drying, and grinding into fine powder.
Selected prescription
① Treatment of children's eye disorders: coral, finely ground into powder, each point is taken as big as millet, placed on glaze, and ordered once a day. ("Sheng Huifang" coral powder)
② Peeling: coral, shellfish, pearl, amber and stone crab. Extremely fine, the point is in the eye. (Classic of Materia Medica)
③ Treatment of unconsciousness, sudden attack, sudden collapse or palpitation: Red Coral, Amber and Pearl (finely ground) are one yuan each, while Ginseng, Atractylodes macrocephala, Angelica sinensis and San Qian are bile stars (finely ground). And Deng Xin soup is adjusted to one yuan at a time. (Authentic Fang Mai)
(4) Treatment of heart and lung depression and vomiting: red coral, slowly ground into fine powder. Two servings at a time, and the lily is cooked into a paste and mixed. ("Peng Family Biography")
Examination certificate
From Tang Materia Medica 1 Materia Medica Yi Yan: "Coral, first-class red oil color, thin vertical stripes, lovely; Another color, such as lead, has no vertical stripes, which is the bottom. Those who use red oil as medicine. (2) Compendium: "Coral grows on the seabed, and five or seven plants form a forest, which is called coral forest. Red is the best; There are also blacks, which is not good; The blue one is also good. People used to call those people Green Lan Zhanshi. "
Chemical constituents of traditional Chinese medicine
Containing calcium carbonate, etc.
The basic body shape of coral is cylindrical or disc-shaped, which is radially symmetrical, and the center of the body is the inner cavity. The intestine plays the role of digestion and absorption. There is a mouth above the lumen, and the gap between the lumen and the mouth is called the oral passage. There are tentacles around the mouth, stinging silk sacs in the tentacles, and stinging silk cells containing venom in the sacs, which are weapons for animals to defend and prey, which is why coelenterates are also called Echinotheca.
[Edit this paragraph] An entry with the same name
Coral [Caprifoliaceae] [Viburnum]
Nickname: Japanese Coral Tree, france holly. Latin name: Viburnum
Distribution of origin:
South China, East China, Southwest China and other provinces. Cities in the Yangtze River valley are all cultivated; Japan, India and the Korean peninsula also have it.
Evergreen shrubs or small trees, up to 10 m. The bark is grayish brown. The lenticels are round, with opposite leaves, thick leathery, oblong or rectangular, with an acuminate or obtuse apex, wavy or obtuse serrations on the whole or near the apex, dark green shiny surface, grayish green back and rusty brown petiole. Flowering in May-June, terminal panicle with white and fragrant flowers. After 10 months, the oval drupe is mature and red.
Growing habits:
I like light, but I can also resist yin. Like warmth, cold resistance is a little poor. Like fertile and moist soil, can adapt to acidic and slightly alkaline soil; It has strong resistance to toxic gases chlorine and sulfur dioxide, has certain absorption ability to mercury and fluorine, and can also resist barren and smoke. Strong germination and pruning resistance. Transplanting resistance, fast growth, less pests and diseases.
Garden use:
Coral is green all year round, with dense branches and leaves, rich in water and strong fire resistance. After autumn, the fruit is bright red. It is widely planted as hedges and green walls in cities and gardens in the south of the Yangtze River, and also used as foundation planting or clump planting to decorate corners. Can be trimmed into big balls.
Breeding and cultivation:
General cutting propagation, but also sowing propagation. Cutting in plum rainy season can take root after 3 weeks, and the survival rate is 98%.
Coral is just a hydra-shaped individual, hollow and cylindrical, with the lower end attached to the surface of the object and a mouth surrounded by one or more tentacles at the top. Tentacles are used to collect food and can be stretched to a certain extent. It has specialized cells (stinging cells). When the stinging cells are stimulated, they will turn out the stinging silk sac and paralyze their prey with stinging silk. Eggs and sperm are produced by gonads on the diaphragm and discharged into seawater through the mouth. Fertilization usually occurs in seawater and sometimes in the gastric circulation cavity. Usually fertilization only occurs between eggs and sperm of different individuals. The fertilized egg develops into a floating larva, which is covered with cilia and can swim. After a few days to weeks, it is fixed on a fixed surface and develops into a hydra. It can also be propagated by budding. After the bud is formed, it is not separated from the original hydra. New buds keep forming and growing, so groups are formed. When the new hydra grows and develops, the old hydra dies, but its skeleton remains in the population. Soft corals, horny corals and blue corals live in groups. Each hydra in the population has eight tentacles, and there are eight diaphragms in the gastric circulation cavity, of which six diaphragms have cilia for introducing water into the gastric circulation cavity, and the other two diaphragms have cilia for guiding water out of the gastric circulation cavity. Bones are endoskeletons. Soft coral is widely distributed, and its skeleton is composed of calcium-containing spicules separated from each other. Some species are disc-shaped, while others have finger-like protrusions. Horny corals are abundant in tropical shallow seas, and are banded or branched in shape, with a length of up to 3 meters. Horny corals, including so-called precious corals (red corals and rose corals), can be used as jewelry. Among them, the common species is red coral in the Mediterranean. Blue corals were found on coral reefs formed by stony corals in the Indian Ocean and the Pacific Ocean, forming a block with a diameter of 2 meters. Rock coral is the most well-known and widely distributed species, living alone or in groups. Like black coral and spiny coral, the number of septa is 6 or multiple of 6, and the tentacles are simple and have no feathers. Stone coral, black coral and spiny coral are different from related anemones mainly because of their exoskeletons. From the tidal zone to the depth of 6000 meters, there are rock corals in all oceans. For species living in groups, the diameter of hydra is 1 to 3 mm. Most of the existing stone corals are light yellow, light brown or olive, depending on the algae living on the corals. But its bones are white. The largest living stone coral belongs to the genus Shigella, with a diameter of about 25 cm. The skeleton of stone coral is cup-shaped, wrapped with hydra, and its composition is almost pure calcium carbonate. Its growth rate depends on age, food supply, water temperature and species. Ring coral islands and coral reefs are formed by the bones of stone corals. The average speed of its formation is about 5 mm to 28 mm per year. Common types of stony corals include brain coral, mushroom coral, star coral and staghorn coral, all of which are named according to their shapes. Black coral and spiny coral are whiplike, feathery, tree-like or bottle-brush-like, distributed in the coastal waters of the Mediterranean Sea, the West Indies or Panama. (The pictures on the upper left and the lower right show the round-tube star coral. Coral tentacles are bright yellow and transparent, corals in full bloom are bright and beautiful, and individual body walls are not connected. And the tentacles are white and transparent, and the top is orange-red, which is very special, but the individual diameter is about 3 cm. )
Corals gather together to form a group, and their bones continue to expand, thus forming a coral reef with thousands of shapes, vitality and colors. This is how the famous Great Barrier Reef was formed.
Corals live in groups, their bones are connected, and their intestinal cavities are also connected through the small intestine system, so these social corals have many "mouths", but they use a "stomach". There are about 500 kinds of coral reefs that can be built. These reef-building corals live in shallow waters with a water depth of less than 50 meters and a suitable temperature of 22 to 32 degrees. If the temperature is below 18 degrees, they can't survive. So people can't see coral reefs at high latitudes. Coral tentacles grow symmetrically. According to the number of tentacles, corals can be divided into two subcategories: 6 corals and 8 corals.
Little knowledge:
Corals floating on the sea surface are dead corals, and corals on the seabed are living corals.
Red coral in jewelry
The use of coral by human beings can be traced back to ancient Greece and Rome. Red coral from the Mediterranean Sea was called Kowatari ("Persian Import") in Japan at that time, and was introduced to Japan via the Silk Road in Nara era (AD 7 10-784). In medieval Europe, corals were widely used to make ornaments and prayer beads for religious ceremonies.
Material composition of 1: It consists of inorganic and organic parts.
Inorganic substances: high magnesium calcite, a small amount of apatite, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, a small amount of water, ferrous oxide, calcium hydroxyphosphate.
Organic matter: mainly keratin.
Structural features: wavy parallel fiber structure
Along the longitudinal direction of coral branches, there are different shades of color or transparency, forming a continuous wavy parallel fiber structure. The cross section is concentric, like tree rings. There are many round pits on the branches, which are places where corals nest.
3 Physical and chemical properties
The colors are crimson, fiery red and pink. Dendritic. The bones are dense and tough. Hm = 3.5-4, opaque-translucent. The raw materials are dark in color, waxy in luster after polishing, and resistant to acid, organic solvents and volatile gases.
Red coral culture has a long history in China, as well as in the traditional cultures of India and Indian nations, especially among the indigenous peoples of India and the Tibetan people in China, who even regard red coral as a sustenance to protect and pray for "God bless". According to historical records, the utilization of red coral by human beings can be traced back to ancient Rome. The ancient Romans believed that coral had the functions of preventing disasters, giving people wisdom, stopping bleeding and driving away heat. Some navigators believe that wearing red coral can prevent lightning and hurricanes, make it calm and have a safe journey! So the Romans called it "red gold", which cast a mysterious color on the red coral. Modern westerners list coral, pearl and amber as three organic gems, which is one of the "March Birthday Stones" in the West.
Identification of coral
In fact, identifying corals is simple:
1: longitudinally, the coral has parallel growth lines and the direction is parallel to the coral cylinder. If it is a ring surface, it is usually on the back. If it's carved, it's on the surface.
2. Looking horizontally, the cross section of coral has growth lines like annual rings, big and small. Growth lines with concentric circles usually appear on coral ornaments.
3. Look at the color: the color of coral is from the inside out. For example, the closer the coral column is to the surface layer, the darker the color of the coral and the lighter the inner layer. In other words, the color of coral is uneven. If the color of coral is the same inside and outside, it will be suspected to be fake!
We are obsessed with the purity of nature and advocate unique fashion. We respect the implicit beauty of tradition, and we are also addicted to showing our unique personality. Natural coral ornaments, all with diagonal textures, are unique and naturally charming. Corals are crimson, pink, pink, white and white, and there are coral trees of different heights, which are red and varied. We incorporate ancient and elegant corals into modern fashion elements. Coral is embedded in gold, platinum or other precious metals. Or like flowers, or like small animals, with different shapes and colors.
Modern life gives people more opportunities to go in and out of important occasions. Wearing red coral jewelry is a fashion, elegant and elegant, showing extraordinary personality charm. Necklaces, bracelets and pendants inlaid with red coral have become a new round of fashion accessories, which are the first choice for elegant and fashionable ladies.
Coral is bright and warm. Besides decoration, it also has the function of beauty and health care. It means good luck and wealth. It is a symbol of peace and happiness. Therefore, as a gift, red coral ornaments are also an ideal choice for birthdays, anniversaries and gifts to relatives and friends.
Tips for purchasing coral jewelry:
(1) When buying coral ornaments, it is important to see whether their red color is pure and whether they have been dyed. The price of dyed coral is much lower.
(2) See if the coral structure is dense. If there are many holes in it, or it feels light, generally don't spend a lot of money.
Physiological function of coral ornaments;
It can prevent female menstrual pain and other physiological diseases. It is said that children wear it to protect bone growth. Red or pink corals have the function of detecting blood diseases, especially. If the color becomes lighter, there are likely to be problems such as anemia and poor blood circulation. Heart disease and nervous system diseases are also very suitable for wearing. Basically, coral is helpful for the growth of skin, nails, hair, etc. Psychological function of coral ornaments;
Because love, like the red color of coral, represents enthusiasm and passion. Can enhance the sexy charm of the wearer, help open the mind and accept feelings. It raises people's mental level, has a high degree of sensitivity, and has a mediating effect on unknown situations.
The development of modern medicine proves that coral stone is not only a real gem, but also has many medicinal and medical values.
Coral is one of the earliest gems that people know and use. Some people think that coral was discovered by Indians in the fifth century BC, while others think that it was first discovered by Italians about 2000 years ago. Italy's oldest coral fishing ground is located in the Mediterranean Sea, with a mining history of 2,000 years. It is still popular in Italy to use corals as amulets to ward off evil spirits.
Red coral is not only a clown in the jewelry industry, but also considered as a unique medicinal treasure, which has many medical effects such as beauty beauty, promoting blood circulation and improving eyesight, clearing away heat and relieving spasm, sweating and diuresis. More than 400 years ago, in the classic Compendium of Materia Medica, the medical master Mr. Li Shizhen recorded that corals have: "Clear eyes and soothe the nerves, calming the heart and calming the nerves. Used for blindness, epilepsy and ugly nose towels. " The effect is equivalent. According to relevant information, coral stone has the functions of stopping vomiting, diarrhea, hemostasis, treating lumbago, convulsion, clearing away heat and toxic materials, resolving phlegm and relieving cough, sweating and diuresis. The latest research abroad believes that coral can be used for bone bonding and can be used as medicine to treat ulcers, arteriosclerosis, hypertension, coronary heart disease and sexually transmitted diseases.
With the development of modern medicine, people gradually found that red coral also has the special function of promoting human metabolism and regulating endocrine. Therefore, some people call it "green jewelry" together with pearls. It can be seen that ancient ancestors, present people, court officials and ordinary people all have sincere and devout beliefs and strong and unique preferences for red coral, which have laid a rich humanistic foundation for the inheritance of red coral culture. Coral stone is mainly composed of calcium carbonate, which can be turned into calcium phosphate similar to human bone after treatment, so doctors use it to repair human bone. Surprisingly, human new blood vessels can grow together with osteoblasts in the pores of coral stones, so that the fractured parts can quickly return to normal.
Through further research, Americans baked coral into osteogenic ore, and added glass fiber reinforced polymer to improve its strength, so that it can not only be used for bone bonding, but also directly replace small pieces or small bones, and can also be used to "weld" the spine and even make a free-rotating artificial eye.
Speaking of the wonder of coral stones, there is more than that!
Coral stone is full of treasures, which is incomparable to any precious stone.
Large pieces of high-quality coral stone materials can be carved into various precious jewelry works of art, and small pieces of coral stone materials can be cut into rings, pendants, earrings, necklaces and so on. Those scraps can be ground into powder and made into beauty and health care products.
Pay attention to three points when purchasing coral: First, the color should be uniform; Second, the color should be bright red; The redder, the more precious; Third, the heavier the coral, the better.
The appearance of coral is completely different from that of pearls with similar colors. The luster of pearls has certain directionality, and when magnified at low magnification, it presents a pattern very similar to flame. The white rosary carved on the pearl shell can be identified by the parallel growth structure on the shell and its pink zoning trend.
Another remarkable feature of coral is that it has small and shallow circular pits, which are the growth parts of a single coral. Small pits caused by some perforated marine life can also exist.
The main substitutes of imitation coral are celluloid, wood and sealing wax, all of which have no unique appearance of coral. Celluloid smells of camphor when heated, so you can scrape wood with your nails to expose the wooden structure under the artificial surface. The sealing wax has a flowing glass-like appearance under a magnifying glass. If necessary, hydrochloric acid can be used to identify these substitutes, because they will not react with hydrochloric acid. On the contrary, coral, pearl oyster and pearl oyster all react with hydrochloric acid.
Because of the low yield and high value of red coral, people often dye low-priced white coral red to pretend to be natural red coral. To identify the above fake red coral, you can wipe off the dye with a cotton swab dipped in acetone. Due to the monotonous and dull color of the artificially dyed fake, with a magnifying glass of 10 times, it can be seen that the dye is concentrated in the small cracks and particles of coral, and its red color is deep outside and light inside, showing uneven coloring.
This defect.
Distinguishing a dyed coral depends on its dyeing degree. For dyed people, the luster is not soft and unnatural, too enchanting, and red has no layers. But the real red coral is candle red, red is layered, and some are still red and white, with a faint "fingerprint" in the middle (the texture of calcium-containing coral is similar to human fingerprints), which is very different from dyed imitations.
It's not smooth or fake, but red coral is a national first-class protected animal, and it is not allowed to be sold without a license issued by the state, so 99% of businesses without a license don't sell real red coral in Taiwan Province Province. You should distinguish carefully and beware of being fooled.
Coral branches are not solid either.
Coral in Inuyasha
Coral (さんご) is a female character in Inuyasha.
Seiyuu: Houko Kuwashima (Japan)/Feng Meili (Taiwan Province Province)
Occupation: Demonist.
Age: 16 years old
Race: human
Favorite person: Maitreya Buddha
Relatives: Amber Brothers.
Personality: female hero type
Height:162.8cm.
Weapons: flying bones, smelly bombs, daggers, poisonous powder ... (She has everything except the demon master)
The Demon Terminator in the House of the Monster Retreat. Except the demon master belongs to the first-class master. Because of Naraku's plot, the family was brutally killed and the village was destroyed. They mistakenly thought that Inuyasha was the murderer of the villagers, so they retaliated. Later, after learning the truth, he joined Inuyasha and his party.
Coral has a huge weapon similar to darts-flying bones. In addition to the knife inserted in the waist and the knife hidden in the arm, there are all kinds of poisonous powder and tools hidden on the sleeve cover of the clothes. I know monsters like the back of my hand, and I'm good at it. With a cat demon named Mika.
Coral is angry. Because I miss my brother very much, I often worry about amber. Amber is controlled by Naraku, which often puts her in a dilemma.
Coral ending: Three years after the jade of four souls disappeared, I gave birth to a pair of twin sisters and a boy for Maitreya, which also reflected the responsibility and majesty of being a mother.
[Edit this paragraph] Coral conservation
First, please avoid heavy blows and collisions, so as not to damage the gem;
Second, please avoid contact with chemicals, acids, alkaline liquids and perfumes;
Third, please wipe it with a soft cloth after each use and keep it properly;
Fourth, please soak in water and rub oil often to keep it "bright and bright" again and again;
5. Please always wear coral jewelry to make it harmonious with human spirituality;
6. Please prepare a certain number of coral ornaments according to the season to ensure the effect of "as bright as new";
7. Red coral necklaces, bracelets and pendants without inlay are the best holy products for promoting blood circulation and health care.
[Edit this paragraph] Ode to Coral
Introduction to the opera Red Coral: Nine operas Red Coral were created in the early 1960s. Screenwriters: Wang Xiren, Hu Shiping, Zhong, Lin and Dan Wen. In the same year, the China People's Liberation Army Haizheng Troupe premiered in Beijing and was a success. Among them, Ode to Coral is a sweet and well-known song, which is still sung by people today.
Lyrics: a mangrove tree shines on the blue sea, a flame comes out of the water, coral trees are always red in spring, and flowers bloom in the wind and waves. Hey! Clouds cover the fog, and the clouds are shining. The wind blows the waves, and the wind blows the waves often. Hey!
A red lantern and a blue sea, a flame emerged from the water, red light shone high in the sky, and the flame lit up the road. Hey! Clouds cover the fog, clouds shine, the wind blows the waves, and the wind blows the waves to bloom. Hey!