A watch is a portable timepiece that people carry or wear, also called a watch. The watchband is usually made of leather, rubber, nylon cloth and stainless steel. The English word for watch is watch, which comes from the medieval word wacche. The manufacture and production of watches are based on springs, which can tighten and store energy and slowly release energy to push the running devices and hands in the watch to display time. This spring device in a watch is called a main spring.
A watch consists of a watch head and a watch band, in which the parts of the watch head include: movement, case, bottom cover, mirror, characters, hands, handle and watch. The watch adopts a vibration system with constant period and continuous vibration as the standard. If we know the time required for the vibration system to complete a complete vibration of a watch and calculate the number of vibrations, then the time after so many vibrations is equal to the vibration period times the number of vibrations, that is, time = vibration period times the number of vibrations.
The working principle of watches
The mechanical watch with balance shaft hairspring adopts balance spring as vibration system. The balance wheel 1 is fixed on the balance shaft 2, and the upper and lower journals of the balance shaft are sleeved in the bearing and can rotate around the bearing. One end of the hairspring part 3 is fixed on the swing shaft, and the other end is fixed on the splint. Due to the elastic deformation of the hairspring, the movement of the balance wheel changes from rotation to reciprocating motion, and the hairspring system of the balance wheel is affected by the movement resistance table such as bearing friction, air resistance and hairspring internal friction.
The amplitude of the swing will gradually decay until it stops. In order to make it vibrate continuously without attenuation, it is necessary to replenish energy to the hairspring system regularly. In other words, there must be an energy device in the watch. The periodic energy supplement of vibration system is realized by a special mechanism-escapement mechanism, which is also used to calculate the vibration times of hairspring system. Therefore, the hairspring system and escapement mechanism are the key devices of mechanical watches.