Diamonds are cut with a high-speed rotating saw blade. Diamond is a kind of mineral with very high hardness, but it is also very brittle, and it will break when you hit it hard. When cutting diamonds, we usually coat the edge of the saw blade with a phosphor bronze disc of diamond powder and lubricant, and then fix the diamonds on the fixture. The saw disc rotates at high speed and the diamond is sawed off.

When cutting a diamond, you must first cross it, that is, mark the surface of the diamond; Then the original stone is divided, the marked diamond is fixed on a professional fixing frame, then another diamond is used to make a dent along the dividing line, and then the tool is placed on the dent, and the tool is struck with a hammer, and the diamond will be split into two halves or more along the grain direction. Finally, the shaped and divided diamond can be made into the designed shape according to the design requirements, and then further polished.

Extended data

Scoring is the first step in diamond cutting. First, check the rough diamond and mark the surface of the diamond. The people who do this job are experienced and proficient in processing technology. The ultimate goal is to make the biggest, cleanest and most perfect diamond, so as to reflect the value of diamond as high as possible. The scribe must pay attention to two points: try to keep the maximum weight and minimize the content. The scriber studied the structure of the drill blank with a magnifying glass. If it is a big diamond, this work may take several months, but it will take several minutes for ordinary rough diamonds.

Secondly, the cleaver puts the cut diamond blank on the frame, then cuts a dent with another diamond along the parting line, and then puts a square knife on the dent, and beats it with proper force on the cleaver by hand, so that the diamond will be split into two halves or more pieces along the grain direction.

Third, see-saw. Most diamonds are not suitable for splitting. At this time, they need to be sawed off with a saw. Because only diamonds can cut diamonds, the saw blade is a phosphor bronze disc with diamond powder and lubricant on the edge. The diamond is fixed on the fixture, and the saw disc rotates at high speed, so that the diamond can be sawed. Modern laser technology introduces diamond cutting, which greatly improves the machining efficiency of drill blanks.

Finally, shaping: send the sawed or chopped diamonds to the rounding part for rounding and shaping, that is, make the diamonds into common cut flower shapes such as round, heart-shaped, oval, pointed and emerald, or other special shapes according to the design requirements. Because diamonds are the hardest natural substance recognized by human beings so far, only diamonds can polish diamonds, and the hardness of diamonds is slightly different in all directions. Therefore, when polishing, it is necessary to grasp the basic forms of diamonds by experience: cubic, octahedral, dodecahedral and crystal characteristics. The general method is to rotate the drill blank at high speed on the lathe, and then round the rotating drill blank with the diamond on the other arm.

References:

Baidu encyclopedia-diamond cutting,