However, a lot of evidence existed before 1867. If they were carefully collected and studied, Sheriman's findings would not be so noticeable. Although some tributes, such as bottles and jars found in the tomb of Rehema La of the 18th Dynasty in Thebes, Egypt, have a special style, they have been recognized as a people in the Mediterranean. However, few prehistoric remains were found in the Mediterranean at that time, which was not enough to identify their habitats or civilizations. Similarly, the Aegean cultural relics silently stored in various museums around 1870 are not enough to provide the key to reveal the Greek secrets hidden under the myths of Argos, Troya and Crete, so that they can get more attention. Aegean commodities have been in Sevres and Neucha tel since 1840. AcircTel) exhibition, one of their sources is Felaco's refuge in Milos, and the other is Kaifa's Lenya Island.
German archaeologist Ludwig Ross was appointed as the head of cultural relics in Athens at the beginning of the establishment of the Kingdom of Greece. During his investigation of Greek islands from 65438 to 0835, he became interested in some early intaglios (they were known as isolated stones in German "inlay" from then on). But until1878 C. T. Newton proves that they are not deformed Phoenician products. 1866, in order to build the Suez Canal, a siliceous volcanic ash-Bai Liu volcanic ash was mined on Laha Island. During the excavation, the miners found a primitive building structure. Later, in 1870, the French Academy in Athens found a batch of pottery aboard the santorini. Now, their styles obviously belong to artifacts earlier than the late Aegean Sea, and many stones and metal objects have been found. Geologist Ferdinand A. Fouqué arbitrarily defined them as pre-2000 years according to the covered eruptive strata.
At the same time, in 1868, Alfred Biliotti found many painted bottles and jars in the tomb of ilias in Rhode Island, which were later called the works of the third and fourth Mycenaean periods. They were brought back by john ruskin and exhibited in the British Museum, but they didn't get the attention they deserved. They were considered as the only Asian native products with undetermined age. No one tried to connect them with the objects found four years later in the stone carving "Honeycomb Tomb" in Menidi, Attica, which was near Argive Heraeum.
Even Sheriman's first excavation in Salik, Troy, did not cause much repercussions. It was not until 1873 that the second floor "Burning City" was unearthed, together with its fortifications and utensils, and a large number of gold, silver and bronze vessels that the diggers thought were stored in it, that it attracted widespread interest in the circle and finally gained universal influence in the circle. Therefore, when Sheriman came to Mycenae's tomb three years later, all the lights finally focused on this glorious period of prehistoric Greece. This discovery shows that the manufacturing and decoration styles of Mycenae artifacts are different from all known art schools, and the more and more extensive discovery of "isolated stones" and Elie assus artifacts, as well as the comparison of early Scylla and Salik artifacts, make us further understand the depth of this civilization in space and time. It is generally accepted to compare Homer's works with Mycenae's treasures, and at the same time, it undoubtedly shows that the civilization in the Iliad is the distant legacy of his ancestor Mycenae.
Sheriman resumed his research on Salik in 1878, which greatly enriched our understanding of the underlying strata, but he did not notice the Aegean ruins contained in the sixth floor of this "Lydia" city until Dr. Dover, who had been Sheriman's assistant since 1879, continued his research on Salik after the latter died. However, the excavation of the upper layer of Tilia amurensis 1884 made people have a better understanding of prehistoric daily life. Two years later, Christos Chutas was found in Mycenae Palace, and his contribution was further deepened. However, it was not until 1905 that Sheriman's work in the iron forest was resumed, which confirmed the suspicion that there was an earlier palace under the palace he found.
Since 1886, all the discoveries, including tombs other than Algolide, including the continuous excavation of Mycenae buildings and small tombs by Tesuntas, and another treasure house discovered independently of Schliemann, have been collected in the National Museum of Athens. In the same year, many domed tombs were excavated in different places, including Archina and Elucius in Attica Peninsula, Duminil near Volo in Thessaly, Campos on the west side of Yigetu Mountain and Mascara Tower in Kaifa Lenya Island. Many graves were stolen, but some utensils remained. Among them, the richest tomb was found in Lacny, Vaphio 1889. In addition to many jewels and goldsmith's handicrafts, there are also a pair of extremely precious golden wine glasses engraved with the scene of hunting cattle. In addition, some broken pottery with rough painting style was very confusing, and the mystery was not solved until the excavation of Knossos Palace.
In 1890 and 1893, Stass cleaned up some less affluent domes in Soricus, Attica. Other "beehive tombs" or stone-carved tombs have also been found in Sparta, Afei dna in Attica, Egina, Salami, the Temple of Argos Hera, Nauplia in Algolid, near Thebes, and not far from Delphi and Larissa in Thessaly. During the excavation of the Acropolis, which ended in 1888, many Mycenae-style pottery were excavated. But there was no harvest in Olympia, maybe they were abandoned before they attracted attention; There are no obvious Aegean objects in the temple ruins of Delphi. The excavation of the temple of Argos Hera by Americans in 1895 could not prove that it was an important address in prehistoric times. However, as its geographical location adjacent to Mycenae shows, it shows signs of being inhabited in the late Aegean Sea.
The search for prehistoric cultural relics has now expanded to Greece. Some central Aegean islands, such as Antiparos, Ios, Amorgos, Hiilos and Fernos, have found extremely rich Aegean cultural relics. A series of tombs in Ceylon buried curled bodies, which is the most typical discovery known in the Aegean Sea. Milos Island has long been famous for its early cultural relics, but it was not until 1896 that the British Academy of Sciences in Athens took over and discovered the cultural relics of all stages of Aegean civilization except the Neolithic Age in Felaco, which was systematically excavated.
On the map of Cyprus in the late bronze age (as listed in Mires-J.L. Myres and Li Xite-M.O. Richter in the catalogue of Cyprus museums), there are more than 25 settlements near Mesaor'a, among which Enkomi near Salamis is the richest in precious Aegean metals except Mycenae. In 1894, E. Chantre discovered that dull objects were similar to those produced by Salik in Phrygia and Tria. British archaeological expeditions sent to the northwest of Anatolia can always bring back Aegean-style pottery samples from remote canyons such as Rhyn-dacus, Sangarius and Halys.
In Egypt, 1887, petrie found the Crete-style painted ceramic fragments in Kahun and Al Fayyum. 1889, he went up the Nile, and fortunately found no less than 800 Aegean vases in Tyre El Amana. Nowadays, many imitations of Aegean products have been identified in many Egyptian cultural relics collections in Cairo, Florence, London, Paris, Bologna and other places, which is enough to repay the debts owed to Egyptian art by Aegean civilization. 1885 Two pieces of Aegean pottery were found in Sidon; 265438+At the beginning of the 20th century, when the Palestinian Foundation excavated the Philistines, many pieces of Aegean Sea were unearthed, especially the pottery of Cyprus.
The southeast of Sicily has been the source of early cultural relics since P orsi excavated Cisel's tomb near lentini in 1877, including the continuous imitation of Aegean decorative themes from the second floor of Greek Salik. Sardinia also has the remains of Aegean civilization, such as Abini near Teti. Spain also unearthed cultural relics identified as Aegean style in tombs near Cadiz and Zaragoza.
However, there is a piece of land in the Aegean Sea, and its richness can surpass all other places at any time. This place is Crete. Its richness makes us have to think that it is the source of Aegean civilization and may be the political and social center for a long time. 1885, exquisite bronzes were found in a cave on Mount Ida, and then some carved monuments, such as the famous Goltner, were discovered, which attracted the attention of archaeologists. However, the first batch of Aegean cultural relics was discovered in Knossos in 1878 by Minos Carlo Herinos of Candea. Then F. bucher's excavation work in the southern plain of Mesala was also very fruitful. Stillman and Schliemann made an unsuccessful attempt at Knossos. Finally, Arthur Evans entered history in 1893. In the following years, he traveled all over the island and collected sporadic information of unknown significance, which made him feel that important discoveries were coming. He also collected enough evidence to expect to find written words, which no one expected to find in Aegean civilization before. The final breakthrough appeared in 1897-98, and Crete civilization finally unveiled its veil to people.
Therefore, the so-called "Aegean region" has been extended to the Aegean Islands including Crete and Cyprus, the Greek Peninsula, ionian islands and western Anatolia. Evidence is needed to join Macedonia and the Thrace coast. Its branches can extend to the western Mediterranean, Sicily, Italy, Sardinia and Spain, as well as the eastern Mediterranean, including Syria and Egypt. But we need to know more about cyrenaica.