Why is there such a big difference in the distribution of personal income for the same job? In 2004, Tang Jun was hired by Chen Tianqiao, the boss of Shanda, with an annual salary of 5 million and stock options of 2.6 million, which once triggered a debate about whether Tang Jun was worth it. When Tang Jun joined Shanda, Shanda Group was preparing to list on NASDAQ. Tang Jun went to Wall Street to do a roadshow for Shanda's stock, and the issue price of the stock was $26/share. When Tang Jun left Wall Street, his share price had risen to $37 per share. In two weeks, Tang Jun created a stock market value of $800 million for Shanda. Since then, Tang Jun and Chen Tianqiao have completed more than 65,438+00 mergers and acquisitions, including a controlling stake in Korean game developer Actoz. Through negotiations with South Korea, Tang Jun finally succeeded in bringing it under Shanda's banner at a price of $9 million below Shanda's bottom line. Since then, Shanda has pioneered the acquisition of upstream companies by downstream companies in the online game industry chain, and the competition is more intense. With the horizontal acquisition of winger, digital red, powerful and unconstrained style, starting point network and other network platforms, Shanda has occupied the dominant position of online games. On April 1 day, 2008, Tang Jun bid farewell to Shanda and handed over a satisfactory report card to the world. Also working, Tang Jun created the myth of sky-high wages. Economists believe that wages are the price of labor and the labor remuneration paid to workers in the form of money. Like any commodity, it depends on its own value and the relationship between supply and demand. In the labor market, workers provide labor, which is the supply of labor; The employment of workers by enterprises is the demand for labor. When the supply and demand of labor force are equal, it determines the wage level in the market, which is called balanced wage. Therefore, the level of wages depends on the quality of labor and the relationship between supply and demand. The distribution of personal income and the wages received by workers will be different due to differences in quality, industry and division of labor. If social wealth is regarded as a big cake, making the cake bigger depends on labor creation; Cutting a cake is a science. After all, it is difficult for people to adjust their opinions. Without certain rules and principles, it is difficult to get a satisfactory and reasonable share. Seven people once lived together and shared a big bucket of porridge every day. Sadly, there is not enough porridge to eat every day. At first, they drew lots to decide who would share the porridge, one serving a day. So every week, they are full only one day, that is, the day of porridge sharing. Later, they began to elect a noble person to share the porridge. Power will lead to corruption, and everyone began to try their best to please him and bribe him, making the whole clique a mess. Then everyone began to form a three-person porridge Committee and a four-person selection Committee, attacking each other and wrangling, and the porridge was cold in their mouths. Finally, they came up with a method: take turns to divide the porridge, but the people who divide the porridge have to wait for others to pick up the last bowl left. In order not to eat the least, everyone tries to distribute it equally, even if it is not, we must admit it ourselves. Since then, everyone is happy and kind, and life is getting better and better. The same seven people, different distribution systems, will have different ethos. Therefore, if a unit has bad work habits, it must be a mechanism problem, and it must not be completely fair and open, and there is no strict system of rewarding diligence and punishing laziness. How to formulate such a system is a problem that every business leader and even national leaders must consider. The distribution depends not only on the increase of wealth, but also on the distribution of wealth. What kind of distribution system is implemented is closely related to each of us and directly affects the vital interests, enthusiasm and creativity of the masses. In China, production and distribution are two basic aspects of social and economic activities. In line with the basic economic system in the primary stage of socialism, China implements a distribution system in which distribution according to work is the main body and various distribution modes coexist. Once, a tiger, a wolf and a fox were hunting together. They caught cows, sheep and rabbits. When the lion heard that they killed a lot of prey, he sent a message saying, "You got these prey on my site, so you must pay me taxes and protection fees." Hearing this, the three animals said, Oh, the lion king has spoken. Can we not pay? If we don't pay, we will never wander around this website again. There is no choice but to pay the lion half a cow. Give the lion king half a cow, how to distribute the rest of the prey? The tiger asked the wolf for advice. The wolf said, "This is easy to handle. Mr. Tiger, if you make the greatest contribution, you have to leave the remaining half of the cow. " I ate less, and the sheep was satisfied; Fox and rabbit are enough for him, and no extra distribution is needed. And we don't have any extra items, so the distribution is in line with the principle of fairness. "The tiger was very angry when he heard this." Do I have to pay so much to get so little? " !" The wolf was killed by one hand. When the wolf died, the tiger asked the fox again, "The wolf guy is so disrespectful that he dares to distribute unfairly!" " Can you tell me if it deserves to die? ""You are absolutely right. The wolf is really too much! " "Then you tell me how to allocate? "That half cow should be your lunch, that sheep should be your dinner, and that rabbit is too small, so you can have it for breakfast!" "Ha ha, I don't see you are such a smart guy. Tell you, the rabbit will reward you! " "Thank you! Being with you is really my blessing to get such a good thing! "The lion in the story participates in the distribution of their products for free by holding all the resources in the animal world. Only by meeting the requirements of the lion first can these three animals distribute their prey. In various economic activities, the state participates in the distribution of economic achievements free of charge by virtue of its own economic rights and political advantages. At this point, no economic entity can change this system that has existed since ancient times. The existence of all economic entities must first meet the needs of the country before distribution can be implemented. Similarly, what we call personal income distribution means that enterprises pay certain profits and taxes to the state, leaving enough funds for expanding the distribution of surplus personal consumer goods after childbirth. Personal income distribution is an important aspect of production relations. The distribution system of a society directly depends on the relations of production and the basic economic system. Production determines distribution, and ownership of the means of production determines the mode of distribution. In the primary stage of socialism, the implementation of the basic economic system with public ownership as the main body and multiple ownership economies developing together will inevitably lead to the implementation of the distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body and multiple modes of distribution coexisting. Distribution according to work is the basic principle of individual consumer goods distribution in socialist public ownership economy. Its basic content and requirements are: in the public ownership economy, after all necessary deductions are made for the total social products, personal consumer goods are distributed according to the labor provided by workers for the society, so that more work is more, and less work is less. Xiao Zhao works in an information company. His main job is to make phone calls and attract customers. Because of work, the sales backbone of their company has a mobile phone subsidy fee. The amount is determined by the business level. On this day, Xiao Zhao heard a piece of news that made him unhappy: Lao Li's mobile phone subsidy fee had just risen to 500 yuan, and he only took 300 yuan. You know, their business level is flat. Why does Lao Li get more? So, Xiao Zhao immediately found the general manager. He came straight to the point and said, "General Manager, you always say that distribution according to work, distribution according to work, I am neck and neck in business and my work performance is similar. Why can he get an extra 200 yuan in mobile phone subsidies? " Hearing this, the general manager smiled. He patted Xiao Zhao on the shoulder and said, "Xiao Zhao, take it easy. You are excellent in all aspects, even a little better than Lao Li. However, on the issue of mobile phone subsidies, Lao Li should take more than you! " This made Xiao Zhao seem to understand something. He couldn't help getting angry and blushing. He said, "General Manager, Lao Li is related to you, or else ..." The general manager waved his hand again and again and explained, "We have no relatives or interests. What are you young people thinking now? " Looking at Xiao Zhao's incomprehension, the general manager finally explained, "It's not that you don't know that Lao Li has a stutter. If you can finish it in three minutes, it will take him ten minutes to make it clear. To be fair, it will cost him more to reach the same business target as you! We distribute mobile phone subsidies in this way, which embodies the principle of distribution according to work! The "distribution according to work" in the story cannot be completely equivalent to China's principle of distribution according to work. In the socialist public ownership economy, the distribution of individual consumer goods should be based on the labor provided by laborers for the society, but this labor includes not only the quantity of labor, but also the quality of labor. The same working hours, if the value created is different, the income distributed by individuals should also be different. The implementation of distribution according to work is determined by the actual economic conditions in China. Public ownership of means of production is the premise of implementing distribution according to work. Due to the establishment of public ownership of the means of production, both the means of production and the products of labor are owned by the workers, thus excluding the possibility that anyone can get something for nothing by virtue of the ownership of the factors of production. The development level of productive forces under the condition of socialist public ownership is the material basis for implementing distribution according to work. At present, China's public ownership economy and productivity level are not high, labor products have not reached a very rich procedure, can not fully meet the needs of members of our society, do not have the material conditions for distribution according to needs, and can only be distributed according to work. The nature and characteristics of people's labor under socialist conditions are the direct reasons for implementing distribution according to work. At present, there are obvious differences in the labor ability of workers in China, and labor has not yet become the first need of people's lives, but only a means of making a living. Therefore, the distribution of individual consumer goods must reflect the difference of labor, and cannot be evenly distributed. The stone building of a temple is filled with indignation at the stone Buddha who worships pilgrims and keeps burning incense: "You and I are both stones, coming from the same mountain. Why can you stand on top and enjoy the admiration and worship of thousands of people? The Buddha pondered for a while, then smiled and said, "Brother Xian, everything in the world is usually fair." You and I really belong to the same root and the same mountain! But before you came out of the mountain, Master just cracked you and sent you out of the mountain. In the three years after you left, the master kept chipping, chiseling, carving and grinding me, which made me who I am today. Since we had different experiences before coming out of the mountain, what is unfair about today's fate? "Indeed, in our study and life, there are many things, fairness and unfairness, depending on what angle you look at the problem. After reading the above story, we should understand a truth: because of our own efforts, we should get more love because of our own efforts. Different labor creates different values and gets different treatment. Workers are the main body and dynamic factor of productivity. If the distribution system can not mobilize the enthusiasm of workers, it will constrain the development of productive forces and eventually lead to economic recession and widespread poverty. The implementation of distribution according to work, the personal income of workers is directly related to the quantity and quality of their own labor, which is conducive to fully mobilizing the enthusiasm and creativity of workers, encouraging them to study science and technology hard and improve their labor skills, thus promoting the development of social production. Distribution according to work, as a socialist distribution system, is a fundamental denial of the exploitation system for thousands of years, an important condition for consumption exploitation and elimination of polarization, and embodies the social status of equal distribution between workers and labor force. Public ownership is dominant in China's national economy, which determines that distribution according to work is dominant in all distribution modes in China. In the primary stage of socialism in China, in addition to distribution according to work, there are many other modes of distribution, mainly including distribution according to individual labor achievements of workers and distribution according to production factors. Self-employed workers have the means of production and independently engage in production and business activities. After deducting costs and taxes, the fruits of their labor directly belong to the workers, which constitutes their personal income. They are not only laborers, but also operators and investors. They not only have to work and plan development, but also take business risks. China's individual and private non-public economy is an important part of the socialist market economy and an important force to promote the development of social productive forces, which plays an important role in economic growth, expanding employment, activating the market and increasing fiscal revenue. The legitimate income of individual workers is protected by the state. Under the condition of market economy, there are many owners of production factors such as capital, labor, land and technology. These factors of production play an irreplaceable role in production, and owners can get their own corresponding benefits by virtue of their own contributions to stimulate the utilization efficiency of factors of production. If the whole national economy is compared to an organism, then the factors of production are its life cells and the basic units that constitute the national economy. Let's take a look at the main factors of production through a short story and how they interact. At a jewelry auction, a diamond named "Love Before Time" attracted customers' attention. Glittering and dazzling, finally clinched a deal with the highest price of 80 million yuan. Who produced this diamond? Many people are taking credit. This diamond was excavated from a mine in South Africa by Dream Jewelry Company. Tony, the boss of Dream Company, proudly said: "When I first decided to buy the mining right of this mine, I thought there must be treasure in it, and now it has come true. "Bob, the captain of the excavation team, said unconvinced," My colleagues and I have worked hard to find this diamond. We worked day and night, searched almost every corner of the mine and finally found it. However, the manufacturer who provided excavation equipment to Dream Company said, "Our company's machines and equipment are world-class. Without the excavator we provided, they could not dig this diamond in a mine 50 meters deep. " Finally, an official of the South African government said, "Only on the land of our country can we find such precious diamonds. There are countless mineral resources buried under our land, and entrepreneurs from all over the world are welcome to invest and exploit them. "In this story, everyone thinks that they have contributed the most to the production of diamonds, but in fact, without any party, they can't succeed. They are all providers of production factors and naturally get corresponding rewards; Provide wages for labor, interest for capital, rent for land and profits for entrepreneurs. Wage, interest, land rent and enterprise profit are the prices of labor, capital, land and entrepreneurial talents respectively. In economics, factors of production refer to the basic factors that must be possessed in the process of maintaining the operation of the national economy and the production and operation of market players. Modern western economics believes that factors of production include labor, land, capital and entrepreneurial ability. Factor market can be basically divided into land market, labor market and capital market. Capital can be divided into fixed capital and financial capital according to its different forms of existence, both of which are elements of the capital market. Factor market is different from general commodity market, which directly affects the utilization and allocation of various factors in economic production. People's income is generally related to their industry. For example, the income of computer programmers will be much higher than that of workers who grow apples. You may take this for granted, but there has never been a law that requires computer programmers to earn more than workers who grow apples, or even a moral requirement. So what are the reasons that determine the income from different jobs? The income of workers in different regions and industries varies greatly, which seems to be chaotic on the surface. In fact, the difference ultimately stems from the existence of the labor market, and the above problems are no exception. The answer is that the supply and demand of labor, land and capital determine the prices of workers, landlords and capital owners, that is, income distribution. As far as computer software industry is concerned, it is composed of programmer's labor, enterprise's space, office building and computer equipment. Similarly, the apple production industry is also composed of workers' labor, farms, picking and transportation equipment. Different factors of production, the greater the contribution to production, the higher the price and the higher the owner's income. To develop the socialist market economy, we must improve the system that production factors participate in distribution according to their contributions. Many years ago, Henry Ford hired an efficiency expert to test the attendance performance of Ford Motor Company employees. Experts submitted a report that highly praised the performance of Ford Motor Company employees, and the report only pointed out the problems of one employee. The expert said to Henry Ford, "that lazy man stays in the office all day and wastes your money." "Every time I pass by, I see him resting his legs on the table." Henry Ford replied, "that man once came up with an idea that saved millions of dollars for our company." When he thought of this idea, his feet were on the table like that. " Under the condition of market economy, the participation of production factors in distribution depends on contribution. In fact, with the development of science and technology and the establishment of intellectual property system, knowledge, information and technology will also be put into production as a relatively independent factor. These factors of production are exchanged in the market, forming various factors of production prices and their systems. It is said that Napoleon of France was very concerned about learned people. When he went to Egypt to explore, he took many scholars with him. These scholars rode horses in the March, arranged in the middle of the team, and received meticulous care. Napoleon famously said that a French academician is worth an army. The French concept of respecting knowledge and talents is also reflected in the fable of French writer Lafontaine. La Fontaine has a fable entitled "Advantages of Learning". It is said that there are two kinds of citizens in the city, one is poor but knowledgeable, and the other is rich but poor in knowledge. Ignorant rich people always want to overwhelm intelligent poor people, thinking that they have spent a lot of money to support all sentient beings. Later, the war destroyed the homes of the rich and the poor. They left their homes and fled their old cities. Rich people are ignorant and have nothing. Everywhere you go, you get the cold shoulder, but smart people are welcome everywhere. The author concludes that "knowledge is more valuable than gold if ignorant people despise it." Many societies respect learning because learning can become wealth. When economists study the economic growth of various countries, they find that the improvement of productivity is the key to the growth process. The improvement of productivity depends on the increase of per capita capital and technological progress, both of which are rooted in the increase of knowledge. The increase of per capita capital is not only the increase of capital quantity, but also the improvement of capital quality. The improvement of capital quality reflects the progress of technology. Perfecting the system of factors of production participating in distribution according to contribution is a confirmation of the rationality and legitimacy of ownership of various factors of production under the condition of market economy, and reflects the state's respect for civil rights, labor, knowledge, talents and creation. This is conducive to let all the vitality of labor, knowledge, technology, management and capital compete in generate, and let all the sources of creating social wealth fully flow in order to benefit the people. After Liu Bang won the world, he did not fully fulfill his promise. Han Xin's words to Liu Bang, "All the cities in the world are heroes", have not come out. So that one day, Liu Bang saw many generals gathered in the pavilion of the palace to chat. Whispering to each other. Liu Bangsui asked Sean beside him: "What are these people talking about?" Sean said: "They are talking about rebellion!" Liu bang was shocked: "The world has just been decided, why do you want to rebel again?" Sean said: "Your Majesty rose among the people, and it was through the efforts of these people that he achieved the world. Now that you are the emperor, they have no time to receive the reward, and they are even more afraid that past mistakes will be the reason to punish them, so they get together and brew a rebellion. " Hearing this, Liu Bang realized that he had made the same mistake as Xiang Yu-"The seal was too tight to bear" (Han Xin once criticized Xiang Yu: whenever someone made a military achievement, he should be knighted, but Xiang Yu even sealed it, but he always refused to hand it over). After all, Liu Bang is not Xiang Yu. So he found a man who had military merit but didn't deal with it at ordinary times, stabilized the people's hearts, and then accelerated the pace of enfeoffment to stabilize the team and the situation. From this perspective, it is one thing to conquer the world, and it is another to enjoy its achievements. Since the founding of New China 60 years ago, the national economy has developed rapidly and people's living standards have been continuously improved. However, the income gap between residents is getting bigger and bigger, and the development between urban and rural areas and between regions is uneven. Adhere to and improve the distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body and multiple modes of distribution coexisting, promote coordinated economic development, realize social equity, and finally achieve common prosperity. Thinking expansion: 1. Village A is a wealthy village with fixed assets 1 100 million yuan and per capita collective fixed assets 1 10,000 yuan. The village should prevent getting something for nothing and enjoy the successful "rich disease" brought by the distribution system; Encourage wealthy villagers to be proud of their work, enjoy a healthy life at work, cultivate their sentiments and sublimate their personality. In terms of income distribution, the village implements a wage system, elderly farmers enjoy pensions, villagers enjoy public medical care, students and children enter the park at public expense, and all villagers live in villa-style buildings. The village has become rich, and people in poor and backward areas have not been forgotten. In the past ten years, the total amount of funds used to support poor areas and hope projects has reached tens of millions of yuan. What do you think are the characteristics of income distribution in this village by analyzing the materials? (Inquiry prompt: in terms of income distribution, the village implements the wage system, which is the distribution according to work in the rural collective economy; Old farmers enjoy pensions, villagers enjoy free medical care, and students and children enter the park at public expense. This is a distribution mode different from distribution according to work. The village adheres to the distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body and multiple modes of distribution coexisting. And help the rich first, then get rich, and finally achieve common prosperity, which embodies the essence of socialism and the superiority of the socialist system. ) 2. At present, China's public ownership economy, the overall level of productivity is not high enough, and labor products have not been greatly enriched. Which of the two distribution methods, distribution according to work and distribution according to need, should be implemented? At present, there are obvious differences in the labor ability of workers in China, and labor is still a means of making a living. In the two ways of average distribution and distribution according to work, which is more reasonable and can promote the development of production? Please participate in the discussion, tell your answers and state your reasons. (Inquiry prompt: China's basic economic system with public ownership as the main body and multiple ownership economies developing together determines that China must implement the distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body and multiple modes of distribution coexisting. At the present stage of our country, due to the low level of productivity and the lack of abundant labor products, the public ownership economy can not implement distribution according to needs. Nor can the public sector engage in egalitarianism, because it is not conducive to giving full play to the enthusiasm and creativity of workers. 3. Xiao Wu's father is the chief engineer of a state-owned enterprise, with a monthly salary and a bonus at the end of the year; My mother works in finance in a foreign-funded enterprise and got a raise last year. My aunt is a farmer. In addition to contracting collective land to grow vegetables, she is also engaged in vegetable purchase and transportation, and her income has also increased. My second uncle runs an individual grocery store. Although he was busy and tired, he made a lot of money. My uncle started a garment factory in partnership with others and operated it directly. Last year, his after-tax income was twice that of Xiao Wu's parents. How do Xiao Wu's father and aunt mainly earn money? What are the characteristics of China's current income distribution mode reflected by the above materials? (Inquiry prompt: Xiao Wu's father's income is in the form of salary and bonus, which is distributed in state-owned enterprises, so it is distributed according to work. His aunt's income forms are distribution according to work and personal labor income. At present, China implements the distribution system with distribution according to work as the main body and multiple modes of distribution coexisting. The above materials include distribution according to work, personal labor income and distribution according to capital elements, which reflects the diversity of distribution methods in China at present, but distribution according to work is the main position. Shanghai Hanyin Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd. and four doctors jointly established Kunming Bosai Technology Co., Ltd. Hanyin invested 3 million yuan in tangible assets, and Technology owns 40% of the company's shares. This move not only realized the industrialization of scientific and technological achievements, but also realized the combination of individual technology shares and state-owned capital. According to the materials, what distribution will the four doctors get? Some people think that "letting four doctors invest in technology can arouse their enthusiasm, but it will also lead to polarization." What do you think of this view? (Inquiry prompt: China implements the policy of "combining distribution according to work with distribution according to production factors" and "allowing and encouraging capital, technology and other production factors to participate in distribution". The income obtained by the four doctors according to their labor contribution belongs to distribution according to work, and their technology equity income belongs to distribution according to production factors. China protects legitimate income, allows and encourages capital, technology and other production factors to participate in income distribution, and regulates the excessive income gap; Banning illegal income, rectifying unreasonable income and regulating excessive income can prevent polarization. )