Tao Te Ching

You Laozi

The most famous was in the fourth century BC.

Among China's voluminous books, there is a thin paper, which may have the most translators and readers abroad. This book is called Laozi or Tao Te Ching. Tao Te Ching is the main text to explain Taoist philosophy.

This is a subtle and difficult book. The writing is extremely obscure and can be interpreted in many different ways. The main concept of Tao is usually translated as "method" or "road". But this concept is a bit vague, because the Tao Te Ching itself says at the beginning: "Tao, if it can be said, is not an eternal Tao;" Name', if you can call it, it is not an eternal name. " But we can say that the general meaning of Tao is "nature" or "laws of nature".

Taoism believes that people should not fight against Tao, but should obey and act according to Tao. It is not so much immoral to actively pursue power or actively seek to exercise power as ignorance and futility. Tao can't be destroyed, and people should try to follow it all their lives. A Taoist may point out that water is infinitely soft, it flows to the lowest point in a tame way, even without resisting the weakest force, but it is indestructible; The hardest rocks will eventually be worn away.

For individuals, simplicity and naturalness should usually be advocated; Violence should be avoided, just as all pursuit of fame and fortune should be avoided. People should not seek to transform the world, but should respect it. For the government, a slightly negative policy is usually the most sensible policy. Laws and regulations are cumbersome, and passing more laws or strictly enforcing old laws usually makes things worse. High taxes, ambitious government plans and waging war all run counter to the spirit of Taoist philosophy.

According to the legend of China, the author of Tao Te Ching is a man named Lao Zi. It is said that he was a contemporary of Confucius, but he was older than Confucius. Confucius lived in the sixth century BC. Judging from the content and style of Tao Te Ching, few modern scholars think it is such an early work. There are many controversies about the actual creation date of the book (the Tao Te Ching itself does not mention specific people, places, dates or historical events). But 320 BC is a reliable estimate-the error with the actual date is within 80 years-perhaps much smaller than this error range.

This question has caused a lot of disputes about the year of birth and death of Laozi and even the authenticity of Laozi. Some authorities believe the legend that Laozi lived in the sixth century BC, and therefore come to the conclusion that he didn't write the Tao Te Ching. Other scholars pointed out that he was just a legend. My personal opinion is only accepted by a few scholars. I think: (1) Laozi is a real person and the author of Tao Te Ching; He lived in the 4th century BC. (3) The legend that Laozi is the older generation of Confucius is pure fiction, which was fabricated by later Taoist philosophers to whitewash Laozi and his works.

It is worth noting that among the early writers in China, Confucius (55 BC1-479), Mo Zhai (5th century BC) and Mencius (37 BC1-289) did not mention Laozi or the Tao Te Ching. But Zhuangzi, a famous person in the third century BC. Taoist philosophers have mentioned Laozi many times.

Because there is even a debate about Laozi, we should be skeptical about the details of his life. However, there are many sources for the following statements: Laozi was born and lived in northern China; At one time, he was probably a historian in Luoyang, the capital of China, or a historian in the Tibetan room of North Korea. Laozi is not his real name, but a respectful name, which generally means "master"; He was married and had a son named Cong. Cong later became the general of Wei.

Although Taoism was basically a non-religious philosophy at first, it eventually set off a religious movement. However, although Taoism, as a philosophy, continues to be based on the ideas expressed in the Tao Te Ching, it is quickly accepted by all sentient beings' superstitious beliefs and habits, which has nothing to do with Laozi's preaching.

Suppose Laozi is actually the author of Tao Te Ching, and his influence is really great. Although this book is very thin (less than 6000 words, so it can be published in the newspaper), it contains a lot of spiritual food. The whole series of Taoist philosophers take this book as their starting point.

In the west, Tao Te Ching is far more popular than Confucius or any Confucian works. In fact, this book has been published in at least forty different English versions, far exceeding any book except the Bible.

In China, Confucianism is usually the dominant philosophy. When there is a sharp contradiction between Lao Zi and Confucius, most people in China follow the latter. However, Laozi is generally respected by Confucian disciples. And many times Taoism is directly absorbed by Confucianism, thus affecting millions of people who claim to be non-Taoists. Similarly, Taoism has a great influence on the development of Buddhist philosophy, especially Zen. Although few people claim to be Taoists today, apart from Confucius, no China philosopher has exerted such a wide and lasting influence on human thought as Laozi.

The above content is taken from the book The Most Influential People in History 100 (by Michael hart).

(1) Tao, Tao, extraordinary Tao; Names, nicknames, unusual names. (Tao Te Ching chapter)

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Title: "Laozi" by Li Er

○ The first part, Daojing

1. Tao can be Tao, but it is extraordinary; The name can be named. It's very famous. Nothing, the beginning of the world; Yes, the mother of all things. Often there is nothing,

Want to see its wonders; Often, I want to see it. The names of the two are different, both mysterious, mysterious and mysterious, and wonderful.

Doors.

2. Everyone knows that beauty is beauty, and evil has been done; As we all know, goodness is good, but it is not good. So, it's hard to have each other.

Easy to complement each other, long and short phases, high and low phases, sound and sound phases, front and back phases. This is the inaction of a saint, okay?

Teaching without words. Everything is duty-bound, born without foundation, done without reliance, achieved without living. The husband is gone, isn't he?

Let's go

3. Don't be virtuous, so that the people don't dispute; Expensive and rare goods, so that people do not steal; What you can't see, what you want, makes your heart not chaotic. sage

Rule by man: hollowing out one's heart, strengthening one's stomach, weakening one's will and strengthening one's bones. Often make people ignorant and have no desire, so that people who know dare not do it, then

There is no cure.

4. The road is rushing, but it is not profitable for a long time. Deep! Everything. Defeat its spirit, ease its anger, and its light, with its dust.

Zhan Yong. I don't know whose son? Like the emperors before.

5. The world is ruthless, and everything is a dog; Saints are ruthless and treat people like pigs. Between heaven and earth, it is still there.

The bust is empty and unyielding, and it moves away. It is better to stay in the middle than to talk too much and calculate too little.

6. The immortal called Xuanzang. Xuanzang Gate is the root of heaven and earth. If it is continuous, it is not often used.

7. forever and ever. The reason why heaven and earth can last is that they can last for a long time because they are not born. It is based on a saint.

And the body comes first, and the body exists outside. Because of its selflessness, it can be personal.

8. Good as water. Water is good for everything, but it is indisputable. Being in the evil of everyone, so being in the Tao. Living in a good place, Xin.

Be kind, be kind, be kind, be good at politics, be good at deeds, and be good at times. Husband is just indisputable, so there is nothing special.

9. Hold and make a profit, not if it is. If you are sharp, you can't keep it for long. Happiness from now on, can't stay. rich and powerful

And arrogance and self-blame. Success, fame, retirement, heaven.

10. Can you catch one? Committed to softness, can babies? Can you get rid of the mystery and be perfect? Airenji

The country, powerless? Tianmen is open and closed. Could it be a woman? Understand four, can you not understand? Animals are born, but they are not.

If the dragon doesn't kill it, it's called Xuande.

1 1.30-spoke * * * wheel hub, which is for cars when it is useless. Think of it as a device, and when there is nothing, just use it as a device.

Chisel a house as a room, when it has nothing, when it is a room. You think it's good, you think it's useless.

12. five-color blindness; Five tones are not deaf; Five flavors are refreshing; Hiring a wild hunter is exciting.

Crazy; Rare goods are an obstacle. It's the saint's stomach, not his eyes. Go and get this somewhere else.

13. If you are humiliated, you will be very painful. What is humiliation? Pets are the best, shame is the worst. If you are surprised, you lose.

If you are surprised, it means you are humiliated and surprised. What does it mean to be in danger? I'm in great trouble because I have a body and I don't have a body.

Therefore, if you can trust this world, you are in this world; Love is the world, if you can send it to the world.

14. If you turn a blind eye, it is easy; If you don't listen, that's hope; Bo can't be called Wei. These three are not.

Can blame, so confuse sth with sth else. It's not ugly above, and it's not ugly below. The rope is indescribable and belongs to nothing. Yes means no

The shape of the shape, without the image, is called sudden. Can't see the head, can't see the back. Keep the old ways and use today's language.

Yes Those who know the ancient times call the Tao already.

15. The goodness of ancient times is subtle and unfathomable. The husband is just unknowable, so he is strong and tolerant: if he is prepared.

In winter, if you are involved in Sichuan, you will still be afraid of your neighbors. If you are a guest, if you are ice, you will be free, if you are simple, if you are muddy, if you are broad-minded. Who can be turbid?

To be quiet? Summer Xu. Relax, okay? Those who protect in this way in Xu Sheng don't want to make a profit. If the husband doesn't make money, he can make mistakes again.

16. Go to the imaginary pole and keep quiet. Everything is working together, and I will see it recover. Everything must be traced back to the source. to be short

Quiet, quiet, life, life, and knowledge. Often don't know, forget to do, fierce. Know what is normal and tolerate what is fair,

Palace, field, heaven can teach, and the Tao can last for a long time, but there is no danger without the body.

17. It's too high, as you know below; Second, be prepared; Second, fear it. Believe it or not!

Through its expensive words. When I succeed, people say I am natural.

18. the avenue is abandoned, and some people are righteous. When wisdom comes out, there is a big holiday. Six parents are not harmonious and have filial piety. The whole country is at a loss, there are

loyal court official

19. abandon wisdom and benefit the people a hundred times; Desperate, the people are filial; Never give up profits, thieves have nothing. this

Third, because of the lack of words, the order belongs to: simple and simple, less selfish, less desire.

20. There is nothing to worry about. Just by ah, out of geometry? What is the difference between good and evil? What are people afraid of? No.

Not afraid. Busy □ It's not over! Everyone is bustling, if you enjoy too many prisons, if you go on stage in spring. If the child is not born, I have no warning.

Take a ride, there is no return! Everyone has more than enough, I am alone. My stupid heart is pure. The laity is distinct, and I am alone.

Laity observation, I am bored alone. As light as the sea, wandering endlessly. Everyone has his own, and I am stubborn and contemptuous. I am different from others.

People, but your mother.

The capacity of 2 1. hole only comes from Tao. Tao is a thing, but it is only an embarrassment. Suddenly there is an image, and suddenly there is something.

There is essence in darkness, the essence is real, and there is faith in it. Since ancient times and today, its name has not gone, in order to read the public. How do I know?

What is the public like? That's it.

22. Qu Quan, Fei Zheng; Depression is surplus, and disadvantages are new; Less is good, more is good. It is based on the saint embracing one.

World style. You can't see yourself, so be clear; Self-evident, so obvious; Do not cut yourself, have merit; Not proud, so long. Fu Wei

There is no dispute, so the world cannot compete with it. Is the so-called "happiness" in ancient times illusory? Therefore, it is completed and returned.

23. Hope is natural. The wind will never stop, and neither will the rain. For what? Heaven and earth. Heaven and earth cannot last long,

Anyone here? Therefore, people who engage in Tao are moral; Both are virtues, virtues; Like a loser, I lost my way. think

Insufficient, no letter.

It won't be long before the enterprise can't cross over, which is self-evident, self-defeating and complacent. that

There is a saying in the Tao, food is more than enough, and things may be evil, so there is a Tao.

25. Things are transformed, born and lonely! If you don't change your independence, you can become the mother of the world. I

I don't know its name, and the word cries, I am strong enough to call Da. Death is great, death is far away, and far away is back. The road is big, the sky is big,

Very, very big. There are four in the domain, and Wang Chuyi. Man's law is based on the earth, the earth is based on the sky, the sky is based on the Tao, and the Tao is natural.

26. Pay attention to light roots and be calm. Therefore, a gentleman can walk all day and never leave the trench. Although there is a glorious view, Yan Chuchao.

However. How to become the master of thousands of riders and despise the world? If you are light, you will lose your minister, and if you are urgent, you will lose your gentleman.

27. Good deeds leave no trace; Good words are flawless; A good plan does not require a plan; Good sealing, can not be opened without a key;

Good knot, cordless about insoluble. Because saints are always good at saving people, but they don't dislike people; Always be good at keeping things. be

It means attacking Ming. A good man is a teacher who is not good at others; Being unkind to others is a gift of good people. Don't value your teacher, don't love his capital, although you know a lot.

Fan, this is great.

28. Knowing the male and keeping the female is the way of the world. For this world, Changde never gives up and returns to the baby. Qi Zhi

White, leave it black, for the world. Often not special, return to infinity. Knowing its glory and keeping its shame is Amagai.

For Amagai, he often goes back to the park. Park scattered for the device, the sage for the official. This is a big system without cutting.

29. I will take the whole world to do it. I think this is the last resort. The world is an artifact, and you can't do it. Failure for those who do, stick to it.

Those who fail. Husband's old story, or go or follow, or boo or blow, or strong or embarrassed, or connected or embarrassed. What are saints going to do? Go ahead.

Luxury, go to Thailand.

30. Those who take Tao as a teacher do not need soldiers to strengthen the world, and their things are good: where is the teacher, thorns are born. That's great.

It's just fruit, not strength. Fruit without arrogance, fruit without arrogance, fruit without cutting, fruit without strength.

Old things are called non-Tao, which has been non-Tao for a long time.

3 1. A good soldier is an ominous device, a thing is evil, so there is something wrong with it. The gentleman's residence is more expensive than the left, and the use of soldiers is heavier.

Gui You. A soldier's ominous weapon is not a gentleman's weapon. If you have to use it, it will be embarrassing, so it is not beautiful, but if it is beautiful.

First, killing people is happy. People who kill happily should not be complacent in the world. Therefore, good things are still left, and bad things are still right. Be biased.

The army is on the left, and the general is on the right. Killed many people and wept bitterly; If you overcome it, you will be mourned.

32. The Tao is often unknown, and the garden is small, so the world dare not be a minister. If a prince can keep it, everything is his guest. Heaven and earth meet,

In order to show off, people are self-balanced. Become famous for the first time. There is also a name, the sky will be Zhi Zhi. It's not dangerous to know. similar

In the world, there are valleys and rivers and seas.

33. He who knows others is wise, and he who knows himself is wise. The winner is strong and the loser is strong. Those who are content are rich, and those who are forced are ambitious. no

If you lose your position for a long time, you will not die.

34. The road is wide and controllable. Everything depends on life, and success is not in name only. Love everything, don't do it.

Lord, you can be famous for your greatness. Therefore, a saint is not great after all, so he can become great.

35. Catch an elephant and the world will turn. Go, don't hurt, Anpingtai. Pleasure and bait pass by. Words can be said, but nothing can be said.

Taste is not enough to see, hear and use.

36. If you want to die, you must ignore it; If you want to be weak, you must be strong; If it is to be abolished, it must be consolidated; will

If you want to take it away, you must fix it. It means dusk. Soft is better than strong, weak is better than strong. Fish can't get rid of jade yuan, and it can't be done with state-owned weapons.

You can show it to people.

37. Tao often does nothing without doing anything. If the marquis can keep it, everything will take care of itself. I want to do it. I'll take it to town.

Nameless simplicity. I don't want nameless simplicity. If you don't want to be quiet, the world is right.

○ The next moral classic

38. Virtue is not virtue, but virtue; Virtue without virtue is virtue without virtue. Virtue is thoughtless inaction, and morality is depraved.

Virtue does nothing but think. Ren Shang didn't think of this, ShangYi thought of it. The gift is for it, not for it.

Then you will still be busy. So, you lose your virtue, you lose your virtue, then you lose your benevolence, then you lose your righteousness, then you lose your righteousness. Husband,

Honesty and thinness, chaos comes first. Those who know before, the brilliance of Tao, the beginning of stupidity. Therefore, a gentleman is thick but not thin.

Actually, living in China is not living in China. So shoot this somewhere else.

39. One of the past events: the sky is high and the clouds are light, the ground is flat, the gods are full, and the valley is full.

Things get a life, and the princes think that the world is right. If it is sunny, it will crack; If there is no peace in the territory, it will be frightening; God

Without spirit, you will be afraid of rest; If the valley is not surplus, it will be exhausted; Everything is lifeless and will be destroyed; The marquis is beyond your dignity, isn't he?

Fear. So, your base is the base on the base, and the base is under the height. It is based on the princes' self-proclaimed loneliness, widowhood and unwillingness, and it is based on meanness.

Ye Fei? So, there are no cars. If you don't want to be like jade, you will fall like a stone.

40. Oppose the movement of Tao and use Tao weakly. Everything in the world is born, and everything is born without it.

4 1. Staff sergeant listens to orders and works diligently; The sergeant heard that living is death; The corporal smiled. Don't laugh.

Not enough to think. Therefore, there is a saying in the Proposal: If Ming Dow is ignorant, if he enters the Tao, if he retreats, if he is like a class, he will be virtuous.

If white chess is humiliated, if Guangde is insufficient, if Jiande steals, if the quality is really Chongqing, it is generous and has no horns, and it is a late bloomer.

Elephants are invisible. Tao is hidden and nameless. Husband only knows how to do things, and he is good at borrowing and doing good things.

42. The Tao gives birth to one, two, three and everything. Everything is negative and positive, and I rashly think it is peace.

What people hate is that they are lonely and have no hub, and the princes think it is called it. Therefore, things are either profitable or profitable. mankind

He taught me, and I taught him: a strong beam never dies, and I regard it as the godfather.

43. The world is the softest and the strongest. Make something out of nothing. It's good to know nothing. Say nothing.

Teaching is the benefit of inaction, which the world hopes for.

44. Is the name close to the body? How familiar are you with the goods? Get sick and die? So, if you love it very much, it will cost you a lot. If you hide too much, you will die.

Therefore, contentment is not shameful, and knowing that it is not dangerous can last long.

45. Without a great achievement, its use will not be harmful. If you have a big profit, you can use it endlessly. If you are straightforward, if you are clumsy, you are big.

If you are arguing. Crazy wins congestion, quiet wins heat, and static thinks that the world is right.

46. There is a road in the world, but it is sloppy; There is no way in the world, and the suburbs have horses. Sin is greater than desire, which is a curse.

Greater than dissatisfaction, blame is greater than want. Therefore, the content is always enough.

47. Know the world without leaving home; Look at heaven without peeking. Its far, its knowledge is near. Is it a saint?

You know what you do, but you can't see it, but you don't do it.

48. Learning more and more is a loss for the Tao, and it is also a loss, so that it is inaction. Do nothing. Do nothing. Occupy the world

It is not enough to take the world by doing nothing.

49. A saint has no intention, but takes the heart of the people as his heart. I'm good at doing good things, I'm good at doing bad things, and I become very good. think

I believe in people who don't believe, and I believe in people who don't believe. Saints are in the world, and they are afraid of it; For the world, muddy its heart. ordinary people

Pay attention to your eyes and ears, saints are children.

50. risk your life. Ten have three births, ten have three deaths, and ten have ten births and deaths.

Three. Honey, why? In its original thickness. Gai Wenshan, who is alive, will not meet tigers on the road, nor will he join the army as a soldier. Female rhinoceros

There is nothing to throw at its horns, nothing for a tiger to wipe its claws, and no place for soldiers to put its blade. Honey, why? No death.

5 1. Daosheng, Livestock Morality, Material Shape, Potential Formation. It is based on the respect and virtue of all things. Respect for the Tao,

Virtue is precious, and life is smooth. It is born from the old way, nurtured by virtue, nurtured by familiarity, and built by repair.

One. Born without, do without, grow without killing. It means Xuande.

52. The world has a beginning, thinking that the world is the mother. I know his mother and son. Knowing his son, he defended his mother.

No one is not dangerous. Plug the exchange, close the door, and be diligent all your life. Open an exchange, help it, and never save it. Seeing Xiaoyueming,

Stay soft and say strong. Habitually use its light to restore its brightness without showing physical damage.

I am aware of this and I am afraid of it. The road is rugged, but people are easy to walk. Except for North Korea,

The fields are rough, the warehouses are empty, the clothes are colorful, the swords are brought, the food is disgusting, and the goods are surplus. This is called stealing and bragging. Non-Dao also!

54. Those who are good at building will not pull out, those who are good at holding will not take off, and future generations will not stop offering sacrifices. Self-cultivation, its virtue is true; Repair house,

Its virtue is more than enough; The hometown of repair has a long virtue; It is virtuous to cultivate it in the countryside; It is a virtue to cultivate it in the world.

So, look at the body, look at the home, look at the country, look at the country, look at the world. How do I know the world?

However? That's it.

Chastity is thicker than nakedness. Poisonous insects don't sting, wild animals don't follow suit, and birds don't fight. The bones are weak and the tendons are soft.

Solid, unknown and complete, refined. All day, the numbers are not awkward, but they are still harmonious. Always say what you know, and always know what you know.

Bright, healthy, auspicious and strong. If things are strong, they will grow old, which means that they are not Taoists, but have long been Taoists.

56. The knower does not speak, but the speaker does not know. Plug it, close its door, blunt its sharpness, vent its anger, and its light, the same.

Its dust is called Xuan Tong. Therefore, if you can't get it, you can't get it; If you can't get it, you can't get it, and it hurts; no

You can buy expensive ones, but you can't buy cheap ones. Therefore, you are the world.

57. Rule the country with righteousness, fight with strangeness, and take the world with nothing. How should I know? That's it. Tianxiaduo

Taboo, but people are poor; Many people are sharp weapons, and the country is dizzy; Many people are clever, and strange things are born; A thief is a thief.

There are many. Therefore, the sage said: "I am inaction, and people are self-oriented; I am so quiet, people are self-righteous; I have nothing to do, and people have money; I have nothing.

Desire, people are simple. "

58. Its politics is rigid and its people are mellow; Its political review is short of people. Unfortunately, happiness depends on it; A blessing, a curse.

Lie down. Who knows its extremes? There is no justice in this. Political recovery is strange, and good recovery is evil. People's infatuation is long-lasting. Is a saint

Party without cutting, base without harm, straight without arrogance, light without obsidian.

59. It's better to be stingy than to be stingy. Being stingy with your husband is early. The early service is called accumulation of money and thin hair. There is no more merit.

If you can't do it, you can't know its extreme. I don't know its extreme, but I can have a country. The mother of a country can last a long time. It is very deep.

Roots, solidity, longevity and vision.

60. Governing a big country is like being small and fresh. It is a ghost to reach the world by Tao. Unless its ghost is not a god, its god does not hurt people.

A saint won't hurt people unless his god won't hurt people. Husband and wife don't hurt each other, so they have to pay back.

6 1. A big country is not clean, and a friend of the world is a friend of the world. I often take quietness as the top and quietness as the bottom. Immigrant's home country

The following small countries take small countries; A big country takes a big country under a small country. So, take it or not. force

However, if you want to be a herdsman, a small country just wants to be a person. Both of them have their place, and the older one should be the next one.

62. Tao is the essence of all things. Kindness is a person's wealth; If you are not good, you are not safe. Good writing can be respected by the market,

All right, we can add people. People are not good, why abandon them? Therefore, the son of heaven, the three fairs, although there are arches to remember the horse first, no

If you sit like this. What was the reason why it was so expensive in ancient times? If you don't ask for it, you will be guilty, so you are the world.

63. Doing nothing is nothing more than eating tasteless. Good for evil, big or small. The picture is difficult and easy, big but not precise.

If the world is difficult, it will be easy; Great things in the world must be done in the details. Therefore, a saint is not great after all, so he can become great.

A husband who promises lightly will break his promise, and it is easy and difficult, so it is still difficult to be a saint, so there is no difficulty in the end.

64. Safe and easy to hold, hard to find, fragile and easy to break, and slightly easy to disperse. Treat as you should, and treat as you should.

Chaos. Broken wood is born in the end; Nine-story platform, starting with tired soil; A journey of a thousand miles begins with a single step. Failure for others.

That is, the holder loses money. It is based on the inaction of saints, so there is no defeat; Without holding, there is no loss. People's participation is usually achieved in several ways.

Beat it. If you are careful to the end, you will never fail. It is a rare and cheap product that saints want; Don't learn, learn from others.

In the past To help the nature of all things and dare not do it.

65. The good in ancient times are not wise, but also stupid. The reason why people are difficult to treat is because of wisdom. Governing the country with wisdom,

Thief of the country; Governing the country without wisdom is the blessing of the country. Knowing them both is also a pattern. Often know the pattern, which is called Xuande. Xuande

Profound, contrary to things, and then even great harmony.

66. Jiang Hai can be the king of all the valleys, and he can be the king of all the valleys because of his kindness. It is a saint who wants to be a master.

Must say; If you want to be an ancestor, you must be behind you. It is based on the position of a saint and people are not heavy. The former is harmless.

Never get tired of pushing with the happiness of the world. It is indisputable, so the world does not compete with it.

67. The whole world calls me a big corruption. The husband is only big, so he is greedy. If Xiao, it's a long time! I have three treasures,

Guard the treasure: first, kindness, second, thrift, and third, not daring to be the first in the world. Husband is kind, so he can be brave; Thrift, so it can be wide;

You can only succeed if you dare not be the number one in the world. Today, I am kind and brave, frugal and broad, and I forget my life. Fuzi,

Win by war and consolidate by rules. God will save it and defend it with mercy.

68. In ancient times, the goodness was not martial, the good fighters were not angry, the good ones did not dispute, and the good ones were the next. Is a predicate

The indisputable virtue is based on the power of employing people, that is to say, it is the best collocation in the past.

69. There is a saying in the fight: "Don't dare to be the guest star, don't dare to retreat." It means there is no line and it is noisy.

No arms, still invincible, no soldiers. There is no greater disaster than underestimating the enemy, and underestimating the enemy will lose my treasure. So, if you add the soldiers together, undertaker wins.

70. My words are easy to understand and easy to understand. There is nothing to know and nothing to do in the world. Words are true, things are true. There is nothing but her husband.

Knowing is not knowing. People who know me hope that we will be expensive. So the sage is Bei Huaiyu.

7 1. If you know something, you will get sick. Therefore, saints are not sick, and their diseases are not sick.

People are not afraid of power, but they are great. There is no limit to where he lives, and he is not tired of where he lives. A husband is never tired, so he is never tired.

Therefore, saints know that they don't see themselves, and self-love is not expensive. So shoot this somewhere else.

73. Dare to kill and dare to live, both of which are beneficial or harmful. What is evil in heaven and who knows why?

Heaven is an indisputable victory, without words, uninvited, calm and responsive. Skynet is slow but not leaking.

There is no leakage.

74. People are not afraid of death. Why are they afraid of death? If people are always afraid of death, I am surprised. I can hold it and kill it.

Dare to cook? Often people who kill people are killed by companies, and those killed by companies are called great craftsmen. My husband is a great craftsman, and I hope it won't hurt him.

Hands.

75. People's hunger is based on their food tax. Ordinary people are very difficult to treat, very difficult to treat.

People die lightly because of the thickness of life. It is virtuous to be a husband who has nothing to do with life.

76. Born weak, died strong. Everything is soft and brittle, dead and withered. So the strong died.

Believers of the weak. Therefore, a strong soldier is invincible, and a strong wood is strong or weak.

77. Heaven is still a bow! Those who are above are restrained, those who are below are lifted, those who are profitable are damaged, and those who are insufficient are followed.

Heaven, losing profits and making up for deficiencies; Humanism, on the other hand, is not enough, and there is a surplus. Who can spare his hands to serve the world?

Only Tao. It is based on saints rather than relying on them. If you succeed, you won't see the saint.

78. The weakness of the sky is nothing more than water, and tackling the problem is the first step. It's not easy. Therefore, the weak are stronger than the strong,

Flexibility is better than rigidity, which the world can't know and can't do. Therefore, the sage said: "being polluted by the country is to be the master of the country; The recipient country is ominous,

It means king of the world. "If the words backwards.

79. If you have big complaints, you will have more complaints. Can you think it's good? He is a saint who holds a left deed and does not blame others. So there is

Germany, there is no Germany. Heaven has no relatives, but often with good people.

80. A small country with few people makes people die and go far away. Although there is a boat, there is nothing.

Multiply it; Although there are soldiers, there is nothing to show off. Let people use it again. I am willing to eat, wear, live and be happy.

Its vulgarity, neighboring countries face each other, chickens and dogs hear each other, and the people die of old age.

8 1. Good words are not beautiful, and no one believes them. Good people don't argue, and debaters are not good. Those who know don't know, those who know don't know. sage

If people don't accumulate, they think that the more they have, the more they have with others. Heaven has advantages and disadvantages. The way of a saint is

There is no argument.

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The Origin of the Title of Tao Te Ching

Tao Te Ching, the book of Laozi, is the name of Laozi in Taoism. In Taoism, there are also names such as "five thousand documents" and "five thousand documents of Laozi". Lao Tzu is said to have seen Liu Xiang in the Western Han Dynasty earlier, but Liu Xiang did not call it the Tao Te Ching. The name of Tao Te Ching probably originated from Liang Chen of Lou Guan Dao in Wei and Jin Dynasties.

(See Ge's Textual Research on Lao Zi's Communication, Social Science Edition, Journal of Northwest Normal University, No.2, 2004)

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An article about Tao Te Ching;

(Author: Snails make ears)

The Classic of Tao Te Ching, as a poem with rich meanings, has always been called a "philosophical poem" by scholars. It has deeply thought about social and life issues, and it is an influential philosophical work both in ancient times and at present, whether in China or abroad. But it is not in the high school textbook, which can be said to be the biggest regret of the high school textbook!

The ideas of "inaction" and "indisputable" advocated in Tao Te Ching are quite meaningful for curbing the current fame and fortune! The "Three Treasures: Kindness, Thrift, and Dare to Be the First in the World" in Tao Te Ching plays an irreplaceable role in improving personal quality! The dialectical thought and incisive metaphor in Tao Te Ching are even more amazing. ...

Tao Te Ching involves philosophy, ethics, politics, military science and many other disciplines. For high school students, it is really a good choice to taste such a wide range of spiritual food!

The Tao Te Ching is profound and profound, which is really a rare masterpiece! In some respects, the comments on Tao Te Ching are inconclusive, but the inconclusive works are the best texts! Because it is impossible for any other literature to cultivate students' innovative spirit and literary appreciation ability. ...