0 1 antecedent
On April 13, 627 BC, his son Jin Xianggong defeated Qin Jun in Xiaoshan. More than 20,000 people in Qin Jun were wiped out near the Qin border. The viceroy, Bai and Xiqiao were all captured. This was the famous Battle of Tan in the Spring and Autumn Period, which marked the breakdown of the relationship and laid the groundwork for the separation of the three schools in the Jin Dynasty.
But here's the problem. Prior to this, Qin Jin was in the northwest of China, and Qin Mugong even helped Jin and acceded to the throne three times. Meanwhile, the two countries helped each other in times of famine. Jin Wengong even married Wen Ying, Qin Mugong's daughter. The idiom "Qin Jin Hao" is used to describe the close relationship between the two countries. Why did these two countries meet?
Bottom line: Qin Mugong's ambition. The geographical position of Qin determines that the development of Qin must expand to the Central Plains. Located in the northwest region where materials are scarce, this environment seriously restricts its development. In order to break this deadlock, Qin Mugong has always wanted to adopt a strategy: to move eastward and occupy the fertile land of the Central Plains.
In 630 BC, he crusaded against Zheng together. Mu Gong even took the stage in this war, which is enough to show his determination to move eastward. After the withdrawal of the State of Jin, the State of Qin was promised by Zheng Wengong. After that, the State of Qin can take Zheng as the host, and Zheng will provide it with necessary funds and food. So he formed an alliance with Zheng and sent three generals to help Zheng defend.
It's a pity that three years later, when he died, Lan, the son of Zheng State, came back from the State of Jin to replace Zheng Mugong. A little understanding of Gongzilan's life will reveal that Zheng has become a vassal state of the State of Jin. Because Gongzi Lan has been living beside Jin Wengong, Jin Wengong also likes Gongzi Lan very much. The reason why we attacked Zheng and the state of Jin withdrew our troops was also based on the premise that Gongzilan was regarded as a Chu army, so Gongzilan was today thanks to the state of Jin.
As a result, Qin's ambition to move eastward is basically hopeless. But history is the most unpredictable. In 630 BC, Jin Wengong died, and a generation of overlords passed away, which naturally aroused the covet of any ambitious monarch. At the same time, because Gongzi Lan has always been close to Jin, he has little respect for the three generals left by Qin to defend Zheng. So, General Qin San sent messengers to the State of Qin overnight, with the intention of cooperating with the outside world and winning the State of Zheng in one fell swoop. Isn't this the day Qin Mugong has been waiting for?
After the battle,
In 627 BC1February, a very grand invasion ceremony was arranged, with Meng as the general, Xiqiao and Bai as the deputy governors, and more than 20,000 soldiers and 300 chariots were selected to "sneak attack" Zheng. Ironically, this war, called sneak attack, has to travel thousands of miles. Meng, the general, was very high-profile all the way. Even when the King of Zhou passed through Beijing, he rode his horse singing.
It took more than a month to reach Slippery Country (now southeast of yanshi city). While Qin Jun was resting near hua county, a big businessman named Zheng happened to be doing business here. Because Qin Jun was very flamboyant along the way, he made no secret of his purpose, and Chord Gao soon knew Qin Jun's intention. Immediately frightened, he immediately sent someone to see Zheng Mugong, while he pretended to be Zheng's special envoy and came to see him with twelve cows, explaining that Zheng already knew the plan and specially sent himself to treat people. Originally, it was a sneak attack, but it was all over the country. The neighboring vassal states ordered the gates to be closed to guard against Qin Jun.
General Qin Guosan learned that he was arrogant and traveled thousands of miles. The only chance of winning was to kill the enemy from the inside. Now that Zheng is ready, naturally he dare not continue to find trouble with him. However, if you go back empty-handed, it is estimated that you will not escape from the French Open. Therefore, these three big bosses made a decision to let them go to the point of no return completely: to destroy the slippery country. Sliding country is small and weak, and can resist Qin Jun's fighter plane. It will be destroyed in minutes, and Qin Jun will return home with full load. However, beating a dog depends on the owner. At the beginning of the crusade against Zheng, he left without saying goodbye. This time, I told on Zheng without telling the State of Jin, and the State of Jin didn't care about you.
Not counting this, this slippery country has always been a vassal state of Jin. As an open overlord, if you can't even protect your own brother, what is the overlord? This tone is unbearable. At this time, shortly after Jin Wengong's death, Duke Xiang of Jin acceded to the throne. In order not to disturb them, "xianggong" is going to wait for them to return to Li and ambush them in Xiaoshan (located in Luoning County, Henan Province).
Duke Xiang of Jin personally bid, led by Marshal Xian Zhen of Zhong Jun of Jin State (this brother I said in the last article), which is enough to call it the Spring and Autumn Period.
They have captured the Jin army, which shows the importance of the Jin state to this battle.
Unfortunately, Meng didn't know that he had touched the tiger's ass and didn't make any preparations. On the contrary, he swaggered through the valley with a lot of gold, silver and jewels, intending to return to China to receive the reward.
In April 627 BC, Qin Jun came to the deep valley of Xiaoshan. There are many trees here and the terrain is steep. Qin Jun was exhausted by heavy personnel carriers, the team was fragmented, and there was no formation at all. Xian Zhen had already ambushed Qin Jun on the only way home, and arranged his troops in the highlands on both sides of Lushan Mountain. When Qin Jun came, all the arrows were shot at the same time.
At that time, Qin Jun was caught off guard and the formation was chaotic. Qin Jun, who climbed the left hillside, fell down; Whoever climbs the right slope will jump into the water of the mountain stream. Some soldiers of the State of Qin were burned to death, others were killed, and they didn't die in a mess. Not only the soldiers, but also the three commanders in Qin Jun panicked. They didn't organize Qin Jun to fight back or escape, but let Qin Jun's foot soldiers run around separately. Finally, the battle of Kan ended in total annihilation, and the three generals of Qin collectively sat under the rocks of the cliff, giving in easily.
03 the influence of later generations
The Battle of Qin and Jin Dynasties was a decisive battle in Qin Jin's hegemony war in the Spring and Autumn Period. In the whole history of China, the Battle of Kan was the first real war of total annihilation. It's just a pity that Duke Xiang of Jin listened to his mother and returned all three captured generals of Qin to Qin. At the same time, Marshal Xian Zhen was furious and rebuked Duke Xiang in person, which directly led to the fall of the God of War in the Spring and Autumn Period.
The influence of this war was far-reaching, and the love of Qin Jin broke down. Qin Dongjin was blocked, but expanded westward. In the next ten years, Qin Mugong unified Xirong and became one of the best. Therefore, Mu Gong was named a western vassal by the Zhou Emperor, ranking among the five tyrants in the Spring and Autumn Period. Throughout his life, he was honest and generous, meritocratic, and Qin's national strength was significantly enhanced, laying the foundation for future generations to unify the Central Plains.
On the other hand, the State of Jin cut off its relations with the State of Qin prematurely, but faced with the constant threat from the State of Chu, it lacked important allies. Since then, taking advantage of the situation has laid the foundation for the three families to be divided into Jin after hundreds of years. This is the only point that Xian Zhen was criticized by later generations.