At present, there are more and more optimized processing, artificial synthesis, artificial products and imitations in gemology, and the optimized processing technology is constantly being updated and improved. Synthetic gemstones are more and more similar to natural gemstones, and the colors and optical effects of artificial products are closer to nature, which brings various difficulties to the identification of jewelry and jade. In some cases, conventional identification instruments can no longer meet the needs of identification. In recent years, large-scale instruments such as ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer and infrared spectrum have been gradually applied to the identification of jewelry and jade, and gemologists are constantly developing and expanding the functions of various large-scale instruments to solve more problems.

At present, large-scale instruments are widely used in gem identification:

Ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometer: mainly uses the absorption spectrum and absorbance analysis of gemstones in the range of ultraviolet to visible light to make qualitative or quantitative analysis of some components in gemstones. At present, it is mainly used for the analysis of color index, color mechanism and origin characteristics. Identification of irradiated diamonds and artificial sapphires is common.

Infrared spectrum: It has become more and more common and important to use it to qualitatively or quantitatively analyze the structure and composition of gemstones, such as the identification of organic filling treatment of jadeite, the identification of natural emeralds synthesized by flux method or hydrothermal method, the artificial and natural identification of crystals, amethyst and smoky crystals, and the analysis of gemstone varieties that cannot be determined by conventional instruments.

Non-destructive chemical composition analysis: qualitative or quantitative analysis of the composition by X-ray fluorescence spectrometer and electron probe to determine the variety of gemstones. The use of these large-scale instruments, combined with the determination of conventional instruments, broadens the field of gem identification and makes gemmology more closely combined with basic disciplines such as mineral rocks and artificial crystals. With the invention and expansion of various emerging technologies, the instruments and methods used in gemology will be constantly updated and improved, and various identification technologies will also be developed and improved.