Look at the following-a misunderstanding caused by a system.
In fact, modern people's misunderstanding of Emperor Zhenguan's feelings only appeared in recent years. The fundamental reason is nothing more than thinking that since Emperor Taizong loved the queen, why did he marry so many concubines? In fact, this is because he doesn't understand the system of the Tang Dynasty. "Because of the Sui system in the Tang Dynasty, under the queen, there were one imperial concubine, one Shu princess, one De princess and one Xian princess, all of whom were ladies and top grades; Zhao Yi, Zhao Rong, Zhao Yuan, Yixiu, Xiuke, Xiu Yuan, Chongyi, Rong Rong and Chongyuan, one each, are nine wives and two products; There are also concubines such as Jieyu, Beauty, Wit, Lin Bao, Imperial Daughter and Vegetable Daughter. (Book of Empresses in the Old Tang Dynasty) It can be seen that in terms of etiquette, there must be many concubines in the harem of Emperor Taizong besides the empress, and Emperor Taizong has the obligation to have children with those concubines. This has nothing to do with his feelings for the queen. However, although Emperor Taizong had other ladies and 3,000 rare beauties in his court, he did not spread his love emotionally. His love for his original wife, the eldest grandson queen, is really "three thousand thanks in one", and he is a happy couple who does not envy Yuanyang and Hou Xian. So what is the love between them? Let's lift the veil of history and explore the truest feelings left by history.
Empress Dowager Cixi's deep affection.
Let's start with the death of Queen Wende. In the tenth year of Zhenguan, after the death of Empress Wende, Emperor Taizong was heartbroken and built the magnificent Zhaoling Mausoleum according to his wife's last words. "Queen Wende is the Yuan Palace, with five stone gates. Outside the door, rise on the double plank road. Imperial secretary supports as usual. And Taizong Mountain Mausoleum. " ("Don? Ling Yi "). Later, Yan Lide wrote a letter to Tang Gaozong "Yuan Gong plank road". The plan is today. Today will never end. It's not the same as before. Just follow the story. There is only one way to provide a living room. There are no guarding instruments on the mausoleum. Look away from the plank road. Surrounded by mountains. ("Don? Examples of supporting the dead are extremely rare, almost initiated by Emperor Taizong. It can be seen that Emperor Taizong's love for his dead wife is deep. Not only that, Zhaoling also set a precedent for the empress to be buried together in the same cave. The couple really achieved "born in the same cave and died in the same cave", which is rare among feudal emperors.
"After Empress Wende was buried, the emperor made a floor view in the garden. In order to see the Zhaoling Tomb, he drew together and said," I am too faint to see. "The emperor instructed him to say," Is this the disaster of Zhaoling? " The emperor said, "Of course." Zheng said, "I think your majesty is looking forward to this mausoleum. If you show it, I will see it. "The emperor cried and ruined the scenery. ("New Tang Book"? The story of "Looking at the Tomb and Ruining the Scenery" in Biography of Wei Zhi is believed to have been heard by people familiar with history. This story reflects the restraint of etiquette and morality on her husband. The moral standard of feudal dynasty is filial piety first. As for husband and wife, it is very cold to ask that "a husband should not sacrifice his wife", and even festivals are not allowed. It is ridiculous and contemptuous to openly think of their wives. As a feudal emperor, Emperor Taizong naturally knew this rule, but he did not shy away from looking at Zhaoling. If he didn't miss him too much and couldn't control himself, how could he knowingly commit a crime!
Under Wei Zhi's persuasion, although the hierarchy was exposed, Taizong's yearning for his beloved wife became more and more difficult to restrain, so that he publicly told the minister his grief after being widowed in a letter: since last year, he has been in great trouble, lacking a good couple, with little pain and continuing grief. Where there is life, there is sorrow, and the time sequence moves repeatedly, which is shocking. Since I was born, I have been in a trance, eating and forgetting my taste, and forgetting to eat and sleep in the middle of the night "("All Tang Wen? Answer Wei Zhi's imperial edict, see Yuan Gui of Bookstore). He also said that although "the time sequence moves repeatedly", it is still "shocking". It is really a word of blood and tears, which makes people feel embarrassed after reading it.
It was also because of his yearning for the queen that Emperor Taizong did something unique-raising his eldest daughter jinyang princess and his youngest son Li Zhi. Why do you want to keep them around and raise them yourself? "Don Yao Hui" recorded that "the youngest son of the Jin Wang Wende Empress, after the collapse, Taizong was pitiful and refused to become a monk." This can also be found in the New Tang Book? Princess biography? Jinyang princess's "get a reply. Emperor Taizong's intention to raise his young son and daughter in person is already obvious-because he loves his mother, he raises his son alone and misses his mother to comfort himself by suppressing his empty mind. However, this kind of comfort can only be achieved by raising a glass to relieve anxiety, and because of this mood of Emperor Taizong, even after the death of his eldest grandson, the harem was childless for many years.
In Zhenguan 14, Lee Tae, the second son of the eldest grandson, competed with his brother for the position of Prince. In order to please his father, the prince built a large-scale construction project in Luoyang, and built an yique Buddhist shrine to pursue happiness for his mother. ("Ouyang Xiuji" Volume 138) Cen Wenben's Three Niches in the Tang Dynasty "Three Niches" was written by Cen Wenben, the assistant minister of Tang Zhongshu, and he wrote excellent books and calligraphy and painting. Longmen Mountain, Henan Province, is surrounded by mountains and waters. It is said that it is called Xiangshan in the east and Longmen in the west. The stone carving between the Longmen mountain walls is a Buddha statue, hundreds of sizes, mostly in the late Wei and Tang Dynasties. However, these three niches are the largest, which were built by Wang Wei Station for the eldest grandson. ) This record can also be found in Zhao Mingcheng's The Stone. At this time, the queen's eldest grandson has been dead for more than five years. Imagine that when Emperor Yang Di sought official positions, he ignored his mother's side and openly bribed his father's favorite concubine, Mrs. Ji Xuanhua, while Lee Tae carried out his mother who had died for many years to please his father. This fully shows how infatuated Li Shimin is with his beloved wife. Not only did no one take a sip of herbal tea, but her children were also cared for by their father's deep love for their mother behind her. The son's attitude towards his mother could even affect the love of Emperor Taizong.
Even in the late Zhenguan period, when Xu Hui, a talented woman in the south of the Yangtze River, was gradually favored by the king, Li Shimin still had to keep Li Zhi, who had become a prince, with him. So the ministers wrote twice in Zhenguan 18 and Zhenguan 20 years, asking the emperor to let the prince return to the East Palace. Finally, the two sides compromised. Prince Li Zhi 15 lives in the East Palace, and 15 accompanies his father. (In the eighteenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Gaozong was appointed Crown Prince, but he didn't respect sages. Emperor Taizong also tried to let the prince live on the side of the bedroom and never go to the East Palace. The minister said in the throne that "father and son can't love each other". It is precisely because Li Zhi can freely enter and leave the Inner Palace that his love affair with Wu Zetian was derived, which brought disaster to the imperial clan of the Tang Dynasty.
Perhaps Li Zhi also realized his father's deep yearning for his mother. In the twenty-second year of Zhenguan, in memory of his mother, the magnificent Ji 'en Temple was built (Ji 'en Temple is very large, * * * has 13 courtyards, 897 houses and Yun Ge Buddhist Temple, which is extremely luxurious. In today's words, this is a project that wastes people and money. Without the support and acquiescence of the emperor, the prince has no ability and courage to do so.
Empress Grandson was not a Buddhist before her death. According to historical records, when she was seriously ill, Prince Li Chenggan asked to do Buddhism and pray for her, but the queen flatly refused. She probably never dreamed that she would make such a great contribution to Buddhism!
In fact, the eldest grandson's contribution to Buddhism is far more than these two:
During the Zhenguan period, Emperor Taizong took his eldest grandson by surprise and went north to Taiyuan to pray for the queen's illness in Xuanzhong Temple. He once gave alms to "many treasures" and rebuilt temples. ("Emperor Taizong was very lucky in Beijing, and Empress Wende didn't care. She crossed Lanruo and paid a courtesy visit to the Zen master Chuo Gong. Then she realized the treasure of the public and offered her wishes. " -"Ode to the Statue of Iron Mile"
In April of the tenth year of Zhenguan, due to the long illness of his eldest grandson, Emperor Taizong ordered the restoration of dilapidated temples in the countryside as a merit. (Because the Empress failed to get a good doctor for a long time, she restored the abandoned temple and built 392 Buddhist temples in the world, which is more auspicious and beautiful than the seven pagodas and still exists in name only. -Tang Wen Supplement? Volume 50)
Empress Grandson once said: "Buddhism and other countries teach old people to do nothing!" Emperor Taizong did nothing on earth, but he also did something to bring his beloved wife back from the dead. See "Old Tang Book"? Biography of Queen Wende
In fact, looking through historical records, there are many things that Emperor Taizong did and did not do for the eldest grandson queen and her family children:
For example, in the early years of Zhenguan, Sun Anye, the grandson's half-brother, participated in the rebellion and was punished according to law. But because of Sun Tzu's intercession, Emperor Taizong was spared the death penalty. Such a man who has committed a great crime of rebellion can finally worship the minister of war and seal Xue Guogong. (Brother rebelled, according to general logic, the queen should kneel at this moment for fear that she would be implicated, but instead of worrying about her situation, the eldest grandson asked the emperor for leniency. What kind of love did she get to be so confident? )
Emperor Taizong was a man who was extremely strict with officials. A minister suspected people of taking bribes simply because his family came out to sell jewelry after his death. However, when the eldest grandson's uncle was dismissed for corruption, Emperor Taizong often gave him a lot of silk because he was the queen's uncle, and later re-appointed him as an official.
When Princess Changle, the eldest daughter of the Queen, came out, Taizong bluntly said to the minister, "Princess Changle was born to the Queen, and both the Queen and I love her. I will come out today, and I want to increase my courtesy. " Princess Changle died in Zhenguan 17. Her tomb doesn't conform to the standard that there is only one stone gate for the princess's tomb and the princess's tomb. Instead, it uses three stone gates in an unusual way, making it a tomb of similar size. Among the tombs excavated in the Tang Dynasty, only the tomb of Prince Yide buried according to the emperor's rank belongs to this situation.
As for Emperor Taizong's affection for the young Jinyang Queen, the princess and the three sons born to the queen, or the queen's brother Sun Chang Wuji, it is even more difficult to say, there are too many books! Although it is a derogatory term, this idiom should reflect some people's views on Taizong's doting.
On the one hand, the children born to the queen are favored, on the other hand, other concubines are treated in general. On the one hand, there are many stories about the queen's love, on the other hand, there are no stories in other harems except the birth of XXX, which can fully prove that Emperor Taizong is extremely fond of his eldest grandson.
In fact, for thousands of years, Emperor Taizong and his eldest grandson have been recognized as loving couples by both the government and the people. Until the last ten years, for some unknown reason, perhaps it was because the eldest grandson of the Queen did not use the love of Emperor Taizong to harm others, perhaps it was the film and television tide prevailing among princes and princesses, or perhaps it was the curiosity and grandstanding psychology of boring gossip people, which led a group of capable people to turn loving couples into bitter couples, and made Emperor Taizong favor passers-by harem in history books, even more.
They choose to turn a blind eye, pretending that they can't see many favored deeds of the grandson of unofficial history, the official history, or distorting these deeds into a show or even posing as an "objective" gesture that the history books are written against the will of the winners; On the other hand, to describe Li Shimin's harem as Li Shimin's favorite, there is no record except the birth of XXX, and YY's story is either gorgeous or noble but cannot be justified. Even for YY, he tried to graft the stories of two or three or more characters onto one person. What's more, he took the history book of Emperor Taizong's daily service to his father, "In August of the second year of Zhenguan, the emperor took no military affairs and looked after the Nishinomiya every day" as evidence to prove that a concubine was favored and made a big joke that Emperor Taizong visited the Nishinomiya every day.
Perhaps, some people will say, who knows what happened a thousand years ago, only he knows who Tang Taizong loved. However, these people don't believe in the clanking records left by historical witnesses thousands of years ago, but only believe in the complicated and earth-shattering love story of Tang Taizong witnessed by people with "deep" and penetrating eyes thousands of years later, which they call "the great Tang Dynasty momentum". If this is the "Great Tang Dynasty", it would be a pity that Taizong did not have this momentum. He is vulgar and outdated, and only loves his wife. Although he is the son of heaven with three palaces and six courtyards, his true love is only his wife.
Children like to record
Lee Qian Cheng
[3] (1) It is clearly recorded in the history books: "Just turned eight years old, especially sensitive, and the emperor dotes on it". "At the age of eight, he was very clever and loved by Emperor Taizong." "The eldest son of Emperor Taizong. Shaomin, Taizong loved it very much. " (2) Zhenguan became ill for five years. Emperor Taizong, who was not religious, built a temple at once. The temple was named Puguang and Xihua to pray for Cheng Gan. In addition, at noon on May 24th, there was an amnesty in the world. ③ After 7 years of Zhenguan, Cheng Gan fell ill again. According to Shi Shi Tong Jian, 3000 monks and nuns in Purdue were infected by the Prince. Open treatment is ineffective. The delayed wave has already appeared. More than a hundred days. Every time the emperor asks for dharma. The prince recovered from his illness. Gave up the temple completely. Give silk sixty paragraphs and so on. Because Cheng Gan was ill, he was not allowed to read more books: Book House Yuan Gui Gong Chu Bu Zhi. Prince Chenggan is the eldest son of Taizong. Not very sensitive. Taizong liked it very much. In September of the eighth year of Zhenguan, the prince came to the DPRK. Emperor Taizong said to his courtiers, "I have been suffering from many diseases, so I don't want to study, but I comment on the past with Kong. I tried to make several papers, and the book was composed of three papers, which was quite impressive. First, the prison is the most important thing, which is won by the state. " ⑤ Cheng Gan rebelled in Zhenguan 17, which is a capital crime according to the law, but no one dared to mention the topic of death penalty for Cheng Gan. Finally, the general manager came to talk about the economic success and said, "Your majesty can be regarded as a loving father, and the prince will live his whole life, so it is good." This is in line with the wishes of Emperor Taizong, and therefore aid Korea has been taken seriously (compared with Li You, the fifth son who was executed in the same rebellion, this is correct. 6. After Cheng Gan's death, Emperor Taizong made a special trip to the DPRK for him and was buried with lord protector's gift.
Lee Tae
[4]① There is a clear record in the history books: "The King of Yue, born of the eldest grandson of the queen, was born of the son of Tai, and was extremely intelligent, especially loved by Emperor Taizong". Wang Wei, born of Empress Wende, was favored by Emperor Taizong. "Wei Wangtai spoiled the kings and built the first house." (2) As a rule, when the prince comes of age, he will go to his fief, but Lee Tae was only left behind by his father. (3) Because he liked literature, Emperor Taizong specially ordered the establishment of a literature museum in Wei, and Li Taihou was appointed as a bachelor. (4) Lee Tae is a fat man with a big waist and abdomen, which is a bit difficult to worship. Emperor Taizong specially ordered him to take Xiaoyu to court. (5) Lee Tae fiefs far more than other kings. As recorded in "Don Yao Hui", in May of the second year of Zhenguan, Wu Wangli, a general from eight states, such as Yimian Qiong Meiya, was appointed as the governor of our province, and also served as the secretariat of Yizhou. In addition to Yangzhou military affairs, Yangzhou secretariat was established in Chang, Hai, Run, Chu, Shu, Lu, Hao, Shou, Shexian, Su, Hangzhou, Xuan, Dongwu, Nanhe and so on. ⑥ In the first month of the fourteenth year of Zhenguan, Emperor Taizong went to Wei (in Yankangfang) and immediately pardoned Yongzhou and Chang 'an. He also exempted the people of Yankangfang from paying taxes for one year and gave things to Wei officials. ⑦ In the fifteenth year of Zhenguan, Lee Tae gave Lee Tae a lot of money every month, even more than the prince, and was photographed by Chu Suiliang. Today, Emperor Taizong also wanted Lee Tae to live in the Wude Hall of the Palace, which was photographed by Wei Zhi. When Lao Wei patted the brick, he also said that Lee Tae was the "beloved son" of Taizong. Pet-name ruby because some people say that the minister is too disrespectful to the king of Wei, Emperor Taizong attacked with etiquette and was photographed by Wei Zhi. After the accident in Lee Tae, Emperor Taizong still said in his letter that he was "my beloved son, and I love him. Young and clever, quite literary, with a very heavy demeanor, and more questions than pets. " ⑾ After Lee Tae was demoted, Emperor Taizong also said: "Thai is beautiful, so it is not a scholar. My center reads what Tai, Qing and others know. " ⑿ Zhenguan twenty-one years, Lee Tae was named Wang Pu. [13] The epitaph of Lee Tae's eldest son, Xin Li, shows that Li Xin entered the palace at the age of four and was raised by her grandparents, namely Emperor Taizong and the eldest grandson.
Li Zhi
[5]① There is a clear record in the history books: "Emperor Taizong first fell in love with the King of Jin and did not set up a cabinet". "The emperor is the king of Jin, and Empress Wende has the least children. After the collapse, Taizong pitied him and refused to become a monk. " "However, the king of Jin raised him personally. As for the establishment, those who win benevolence are partial to their love. " 2 Special treatment at birth: "(Zhenguan) In June of the following year, Geng Yin, the prince, ruled the life, gave more than five products, and gave a poor silk, still giving the world a drop in Japan." (3) Like the fourth brother Lee Tae, he is not an official when he is old. Because the queen was often sad after her death, Emperor Taizong "comforted again and again, so he especially liked different things." (5) after the death of the queen, raised by emperor Taizong himself. ⑥ Emperor Taizong often took Li Zhi, the king of Jin, with him when he went out on vacation (recorded in New Tang Book and Zi Jian). ⑦ After being made a prince, he should have left the East Palace, but Taizong could not bear to leave him in the palace. I didn't go back to the East Palace for ten and a half months, but I was photographed by Chu Suiliang and Liu Yue. Finally, he asked Li Zhi to go out to see the master the next day. The reason for patting bricks is not to be too selfish. After being made a prince, Emperor Taizong still took it with him when he went out to play, and was photographed by the minister: Fu Cheng, the Crown Prince, came from Lingxing House, and I was silly to think that the Crown Prince had raised Dechun Palace. The sun and the moon are not long, and Huayi is far away, waiting for good news. For example, supervising the country, guarding hundreds of tombs, making decisions on common affairs, and learning politics clearly are not only important cities in the capital, but also virtues in all directions. Is it fair not to accompany private love? . Pet-name ruby Taizong went to North Korea and wrote a private letter to Li Zhi, saying, "I miss my slave and want to die": I got the book twice, but I didn't see my watch. Yee Yee avoided death forever, but I suddenly got a slave's calligraphy when I was running out of time, reported my wife's illness, worried for a while, and wanted to recover like a dead man. Today is the past, but as soon as the wind blows, the letter will be reported to yee yee. If there are fewer illnesses, report them one by one. I got the news from Liaodong today in the form of records. I don't know how to get it back, yes, yes.
Princess Changle
[6] (1) It is clearly recorded in the history books that "Princess Changle was born late and was particularly favored by Taizong" and "Princess Changle was born in Shanghai and was particularly favored". "Princess Changle, born of the queen, is loved by me and the queen", "Fang and others say: Your majesty loves less, why not?" (2) Dowry incident: Wei Zhi took the picture when he got married, because the dowry that Emperor Taizong wanted to give was twice that of princess royal. (3) During the feudal events in the eleventh year of Zhenguan, a charming woman completed her diplomatic mission. (4) The princess's tomb did not comply with the specification that there is only one stone gate for the princess and the princess's tomb, but made an exception and used three stone gates to become a tomb with the same size. Among the tombs excavated in the Tang Dynasty, only the tomb of Prince Yide buried according to the emperor's rank belongs to this situation.
Princess Zhang Yu
The princess was adopted by the queen as a child, which is equivalent to her own. According to the admonition of Duke Zheng of Wei, Taizong wore plain clothes for a long time after the death of the princess. Since the death of Princess Zhang Yu, Your Majesty has been dressed in plain clothes for a long time, and the crowd is in an uproar and salty. I heard that the king of ancient times, I have never taken it. This is the gift of the previous book, replacing the old chapter. Your majesty has been gracious, deeply saddened, and has been in plain clothes for ten days; The significance of mourning the past is enough for Galen. )
Princess Chengyang
Before the princess got married, Emperor Taizong divined for her. (2) Xu was made a princess because of the princess (Xu's last love was not made a princess because he married Princess Gaoyang)
Jinyang princess
(1) after the death of the queen, with Li Zhi was personally raised by emperor Taizong. The title and the attitude of Emperor Taizong after his death all proved that she was the first daughter of Emperor Taizong.
"Princess word considerate, youngest son, born of Wende queen. I've never met Joey. When the emperor is angry and responsible, he slowly defends himself, so the province will benefit from it and love it. After the collapse, the Lord became a child at the beginning, I don't know; When I was five years old, after the tour, I was heartbroken. Of all the emperors of the past dynasties, only Jin Wang and Jin Zhu were the least, so they were pro-livestock. Every time the king goes out, the Lord sends him to the pious door; Leave in tears. The king, whose class was in the court, cried, "My brother is in the same column as the ministers, so he can't be among them?" The emperor also shed tears. I can't tell the difference between a Lord and an emperor. Twelve years. After studying for 30 days, the emperor didn't eat often, and mourned dozens of times every day because he was embarrassed. When the ministers came in, the emperor said, "I wonder if sadness and love are useful." "No, I don't know why." Because there is a scribe, Tom Yu Yu, who is near the tomb of the Buddhist temple. "(in addition, correct it. In the past, everyone seemed to think that Emperor Taizong buried her next to the Buddhist temple. But after carefully reading the biography of the princess, it says "the tomb side of Yingfo Hall", and a Buddhist temple was specially built beside her tomb. In other words, there is a tomb first, then a temple, not the other way around. )
Princess Xincheng
Princess Hengshan was sealed first. According to the epitaph, she got married in Zhenguan on February 6, 2003. As we all know, Emperor Taizong died in June of that year, that is to say, when he died, Emperor Taizong was still thinking about his daughter, hoping to finish her marriage before his death, so as not to delay his three-year filial youth (of course, this wish of Emperor Taizong was not realized because of the complicated wedding procedure), which shows that Emperor Taizong loved this girl very much. In addition, The Biography of Concubines in the Old Tang Dynasty records the twenty-third year of Zhenguan (Zhenguan period), and (Chang Suncao) took his son to explain the princess of the new town of Emperor Taizong and worshipped qi zhou as history. Because of the new town, she was promoted to the position of her father-in-law