brief introduction
High-heeled shoes are "Cinderella's glass shoes" that make every woman beautiful, so as long as she is a woman, she must learn to wear high-heeled shoes, and she must walk lightly and brightly, so people can't help but take a look! However, having beautiful high heels doesn't mean that every woman will look beautiful in them. Some women don't wear high heels They don't look polite, but they are timid. Walking with a limp, some even drag their shoes and stamp their feet. Therefore, they must learn to wear high heels before they wear them, so as not to be counterproductive. Let high heels show your different beauty.
Because high-heeled shoes need strong stability, the traditional shoe materials in China are not suitable. Make high heels. The most conventional and comfortable fabrics are animal skins such as cowhide and sheepskin, and the best is of course the first layer of cowhide; However, the cost of animal skins is relatively expensive, and the requirements for craftsmen are relatively high, so artificial leather came into being. The advantage of artificial leather is of course that it is cheap and can be mass-produced, which is very in line with the requirements of industrialized society. With the development of science and technology, artificial leather can be made very similar to real leather, and PU leather is typical. In addition to all kinds of leather, in order to pursue the elegance and luxury of high-heeled shoes, people also apply expensive metals and jewels to the fabrics of high-heeled shoes. Cinderella's crystal shoes belong to this category! These luxurious shoes are uncomfortable to wear without leather backs and are only suitable for collection.
Generally speaking, heels higher than 6 cm are called high heels. High heels are slender, reflecting the role of temperament.
function
A symbol of nobility
1, wearing high heels requires a noble material foundation.
Wearing high heels is doomed to walk fast, which requires the wearer to live comfortably, never have to walk in a hurry for some reason, and have enough time to move slowly with interest. This is obviously too high for those women who need to be busy with work or housework. If such a woman forces herself to wear very thin and high heels in pursuit of beauty, only her own feet will suffer in the end. Therefore, wearing high-heeled shoes requires a rich material life and plenty of leisure time. In addition, she is required to walk in a comfortable and luxurious environment, that is, the road surface needs to be smooth, and there can be no messy small gravel on the road surface, even if it is only bits and pieces, the road surface can not be uneven. This kind of pavement is very rare. If the ground in a person's long-term living environment is like this, it must be the aristocratic class.
Many women are complaining about high heels against high heels. Their main reason is that high heels are a manifestation of foot abuse. Wearing high heels will make your feet uncomfortable, even painful, and it is easy to fall. This is actually because they don't need to wear high heels. Imagine that you can only walk slowly on an extremely flat road in high heels. How did you hurt your foot? Therefore, wearing high heels is a symbol of nobility. Even ordinary women wearing high heels will dramatically increase their aristocratic temperament and elegant temperament, which often gives people a refreshing and distinctive feeling.
2, high heels need to have aristocratic temperament as a necessary condition.
It takes three years for a nouveau riche to be born, but it takes several generations for a noble to be born. People's taste, style and temperament all need the influence of the external environment, which is not entirely innate. Only aristocrats will develop a calm and steady character because of the wealth of generations, because nothing in this world seems to affect the comfort and comfort of their lives. They can always get what they want easily and stay away from what they don't want. So they will have elegant and noble temperament and carefree mood, and will never be anxious. They have been like this since their ancestors. They are born with their ancestors' genes, and they will not have quick temper and irritable personality. Therefore, they can be patient enough to take their time, and a long and comfortable life will make them accustomed to nature's unhurriedness. As nouveau riche or nouveau riche, it is inevitable that the last two generations will be unable to break away from the true nature of the petty bourgeoisie. Their growing environment was influenced and taught by the low style and taste of the previous generation. Their genes contain the enthusiasm and enterprising spirit of the previous generation, so most of them are impetuous. Even if they have enough material foundation and time to walk slowly, they will be impatient and can't bear to walk slowly.
3. High heels have a sense of power and are a symbol of power.
The strength characteristics of high-heeled shoes have four levels:
Wearing high heels can greatly improve people's perspective and have a sense of superiority or at least a high degree of shock.
High-heeled shoes are a symbol of nobility, which adds to a woman's noble and elegant temperament and demeanor. Even ordinary women wearing high heels will dramatically increase their aristocratic temperament and elegant temperament, which can often give people a refreshing and extraordinary feeling. Just as the so-called king's bearing among men can make people feel impressed, the aristocratic temperament of women can easily make men feel impressed, admired and even worshipped, which can easily lead to men's admiration and excitement. It is easy to arouse admiration and men's excitement. In a more popular way, it is sexy.
Increase charm
Wearing high-heeled shoes will certainly play a shaping and prominent role in women's hips, legs and waist, making women's curves more beautiful. The most attractive parts of women are also those highlighted by high heels.
High heels can make women exude mature charm. Women who choose to wear high heels often realize that many men have a strong interest in high heels for some reason. Wearing high heels can easily conquer many men completely, gain admiration from many men and excite many men easily. And the price of all this is just to put on a pair of high heels, so why not? Women who can realize this have a certain understanding of men and a certain ability to grasp men's psychology. It is precisely because mature women choose high heels that high heels have become a symbol of mature women (in this case, psychological maturity). In the eyes of men, women wearing high heels greatly increase the charm of mature women!
High heels can increase the beauty of height and slim figure. Generally speaking, women are generally lower in height than men. High-heeled shoes can effectively lengthen the figure of beautiful women from the perception, and the tall figure makes women more attractive.
Many people have a misconception that high heels are for height, but they are all wet. As can be seen from the above discussion, high heels can increase the charm of women in many ways. Not only short women can wear high heels, but tall women can also wear high heels to enhance their charm. As long as she is not too exaggerated (1.75 meters or more, wearing high heels is 1.85 meters or more, which is too exaggerated to lose beauty), she can choose to wear 10 to 16 cm according to her height.
Selection skill
Dress code
1, the most basic requirement: shoes must fit, neither too big nor too small! Don't be influenced by the sweet words of the salesman.
2. The bigger the heel, the higher the sense of security; On the contrary, the narrower the heel, the more difficult it is to move; Therefore, the higher the heel, the better, but in fact, it will be easier to master if the heel is wider.
3. Don't wear wet socks, or even socks, because your toes must be in reliable contact with the soles before you can walk in high heels!
4. be confident! The purpose of wearing high heels is also to look good. Therefore, good-looking must be from the heart: don't show fear, be afraid of slipping and stand up straight! At the same time, shaking your hips with the movement when walking also helps balance.
5. Carefully plan the time when you wear high heels, and try to reduce the activities of wearing high heels for a long time! At the same time, try to carry a pair of flat shoes with you as a backup!
6, prevention is better than cure, if you know that you will wear high heels for a long time, simply bring a muscle massage cream!
7. Avoid uneven roads; Try to take the elevator for a short distance, not the stairs!
8. Walk side by side with a close friend, she/he can be your side!
9. The ideal way is actually to stand still! Reduce the chance of slipping-so don't wear high heels to chase the bus!
10, don't complain. If you choose to wear high heels, you must accept the harm that high heels bring to your body. No one will sympathize with you!
1 1. Choose shoes whose soles conform to the radian of feet. There should be a gap of 2 ~ 3 cm between the toe cap and the toe cap. The heel should not be too small and the toe should be loose. It is best not to exceed 5 cm in heel height.
12. When walking in high heels, the posture should be correct, the toes should be straight forward, the hips should be clamped, and the upper body should be straight. This can avoid uneven pressure distribution, thus improving leg and foot edema, promoting blood circulation and staying away from leg pain.
13, high heels pay attention to occasions. Don't crowd cars or wear them on uneven roads at ordinary times, don't run fast, and don't climb mountains. Don't always wear high heels of the same height at ordinary times, so as not to squeeze your feet in the same place.
14, pay attention to rest when walking in high heels. You can tilt your toes and move your calves. Nails should not be too short to prevent paronychia.
Dress suggestion
Spring and summer are the best times for women. High heels always set off the graceful figure and graceful curve of women. High heels, pointed shoes, platform shoes ... A pair of fashionable and beautiful shoes is an indispensable charm weapon for women.
Health experts at Harvard University in the United States found that wearing 4-6 cm high heels is the most helpful to lose weight. This height of shoes can effectively consume the metabolic rate of waist and abdomen fat and make your lower abdomen flat and sexy! But often wearing 4-6 cm high heels, the biggest trouble is that it will increase the pressure on the back and produce a feeling of pain.
Solution: I suggest you change to a softer mattress when you sleep to reduce back pressure. In addition, when the muscles in the back are stiff, the cold is more likely to invade the bladder meridian running through the back, so you will feel cold hands and feet and your immunity will decrease. Experts advise not to wear halter tops to avoid catching cold on your back!
When the height of high heels rises to 6-8 cm, your body center of gravity will naturally move up when you walk. A study found that if you walk in 7 cm high heels for 2 hours, your neck stiffness will increase by 22%. Health experts usually don't recommend wearing 6-8 cm high heels when facing the computer for a long time, which will only make the neck more and more tired!
Solution: It is suggested to take off your shoes every 2 hours, let your feet rest for 15 minutes, do some moderate foot massage, and focus on Yongquan point, which can relieve muscle tension and is located in front of the soles of your feet13. In addition, if your heel height is 6-8 cm, don't wear a heavy necklace to avoid excessive neck pressure.
If the heel is more than 8 cm, the center of gravity will move up continuously when walking. Medical experts from Temple University in the United States found that women who often wear high heels of more than 8 cm often have nervous headaches and eye pain, and the retinal pressure will be 25% higher than the average.
Solution: If you really like this feeling of loneliness, I suggest you eat more green vegetables rich in vitamin A to provide sufficient nutrition for the retina and avoid sudden decline of vision after intense work. In addition, never wear contact lenses when wearing super high heels, so as not to cause neuropathic eye pain.
A pair of slim high-heeled shoes can really add a lot of femininity to you, but health experts in university of new england, Australia pointed out that wearing high-heeled shoes often makes women lose their sense of balance, and the possibility of motion sickness and airsickness will greatly increase.
Solution: If you wear pointed high heels more than three times a week, it is recommended that you do "finger exercises" 1-2 times a day recommended by health experts, which can effectively increase the concentration of cerebellar nerve cells and make you have a strong balance ability.
"Finger movement" method: put your hands together and rub each other hard. When the left hand rubs the right hand upwards, the metacarpophalangeal joints of the left hand hold the fingers of the right hand, and the fingers of the right hand keep straight for 5-6 seconds; Similarly, when the right hand rubs the left hand upward, the metacarpophalangeal joints of the right hand hold the fingers of the left hand, and the fingers of the right hand keep straight for 5-6 seconds. According to this action, repeat rubbing your fingers 30 times, once in the morning and once in the evening.
Square heels and wedge heels have relatively little impact on health. They can help your body keep a certain balance and won't make you dizzy from high-intensity work. Square heels and wedge heels are heavier, which will bring great pressure to the foot surface. If you wear it often, it will make your lower limbs bloated and obese!
Solution: It is recommended that you beat the leg meridians more often, focusing on the gallbladder meridian located outside the thigh and the bladder meridian located on the calf, and beat it 2-3 times a day until you feel slight pain and sweat. Beating the leg meridians frequently can speed up the metabolism of lower limb fat and help you excrete leg toxins!
Pregnant women should not wear it.
Women like to wear high heels because they can increase their height and make up for their short stature. Even people who are not short will look slimmer in high heels. At the same time, wearing high heels can also make people chest out and abdomen, which makes them look energetic. In addition, high-heeled shoes with suitable height (2 ~ 3 cm is appropriate) have a sole shape just in line with the arch of a normal person, so that the stress on the sole can be uniform, and you will not feel very tired whether standing or walking. People with flat feet wear high heels, which have orthopedic effect. However, after a woman became pregnant, her physical condition changed. Her stomach is getting bigger day by day, her weight is increasing, her body center of gravity is moving forward, and the burden on her back muscles and feet is increasing when standing or walking. If she wears high heels, her body will be unstable. As her body gets heavier and heavier, the burden on her feet will become heavier and heavier. Walking or standing will make her feet feel hard. Therefore, pregnant women should not wear high heels. In addition, because the venous reflux of pregnant women's lower limbs is often affected to some extent, when standing for too long or walking long distances, the feet often swell to varying degrees. Wear high heels at this time, because the soles and uppers are hard, which is not conducive to blood circulation of lower limbs.
It is best for pregnant women to wear soft-soled cloth shoes and sneakers. This kind of shoes has good elasticity and flexibility, which can change with the shape of feet, so it is comfortable to wear and light to walk, which can reduce the physical burden of pregnant women and prevent unsafe factors such as falling.
Mother's imprudence
High heels are women's favorite shoes, but they are not suitable for lying-in women.
After wearing high-heeled shoes, people's center of gravity naturally moves forward, holding their heads high and their chests high, looking energetic, and they are more and more confident when they shuttle through the crowd. However, because the pelvis leans forward and the waist leans backward, the load-bearing curve of human body changes greatly, the waist stretches back excessively, the back muscles contract and tighten, and the lumbar facet joints and joint capsules are in a state of tension. If it goes on for a long time, the joint capsule and back muscles are easy to strain, causing low back pain. The muscles of the legs, perineum and lower abdomen are in a state of tension, which affects the blood circulation of the pelvic cavity and also causes pain in the lumbosacral region.
You can prepare a pair of comfortable flat shoes during confinement, preferably wearing cloth shoes or slippers.
Young girls are not suitable.
High-heeled shoes have been favored by women who love beauty since they came out, because wearing them can't help but hold their heads up, hold their chests out, and abdomen in, showing the graceful elegance of women. When girls enter adolescence, with the maturity of physiology and psychology, their love for beauty is getting stronger and stronger, and high-heeled shoes begin to attract their attention. Many middle and high school girls will have one or two pairs of high heels.
As we all know, girls are in adolescence, and their feet, spine and pelvis are not mature, so they are easy to bend and deform under the action of external forces. High heels will become an external force. Not only that, high heels will also affect future fertility. Because wearing high heels is bound to lean forward, pelvic pressure increases, and both sides of the pelvis are forced to contract inward, which will inevitably lead to narrow pelvic entrance. Therefore, if girls wear high heels all the time, it may be difficult for them to have children after marriage. If you encounter this situation in the obstetrics and gynecology clinic, you have to take caesarean section, which will bring more pain and trouble to the parturient.
In addition, when wearing high-heeled shoes, the center of gravity of the human body moves forward, the whole body weight will be concentrated on the palm of the front foot too much, and the phalanx will become thicker because of the heavy burden, which not only affects the flexibility of the joints, but also may cause phalanx fractures. Also, girls who wear high heels for a long time may have flat feet or spasmodic foot pain, and even can't walk.
From the biomechanical point of view, it is best for girls to wear wedge shoes. Wearing wedge-heeled shoes, the center of gravity of the body neither moves forward nor backward, which can not only prevent muscle and joint injuries, but also avoid excessive tension of the muscles at the back of the calf caused by wearing flat-heeled shoes.
Matters needing attention
health hazard
First, flat feet
Wearing high heels for a long time, because the strength of the body is concentrated in some parts of the sole of the foot, rather than evenly distributed on the whole sole, makes the poor walking posture cause foot weakness, and then develops into spastic flat feet; In daily walking, the human body relies on the big toe root, the little toe root and the heel to support its weight. When wearing high heels, the body weight is basically transferred to the forefoot, which is easy to cause the forefoot to widen, the thumb to bend outward, and the "thumb valgus" occurs, and the tendon at the plantar arch bridge will be pulled. Over time, the tendons will relax, the arch bridge will collapse, and the original arch will collapse or disappear, forming flat feet.
Second, paronychia
high-heeled shoes
If the toenails are repeatedly damaged by external pressure, it is easy to cause toenail ingrowth and bacterial infection to cause paronychia. Wearing high heels for a long time can "attract" onychomycosis through excessive squeezing, friction and oppression of toes by shoes. Studies have shown that the time spent wearing high heels is directly proportional to the prevalence of onychomycosis, especially the damage to the little toe and big toe. In addition, wearing narrow, high-heeled shoes intensifies the extrusion and friction on the front foot, which is easy to cause corns and calluses.
Third, toe deformation.
Wearing high heels for a long time can also lead to toe deformation, which is often manifested as hammer toe, bunion, hallux valgus, little toe varus and other symptoms. Because the bones of phalangeal joints protrude inward, wearing pointed high heels for a long time will press the bones of the forefoot, affect the muscles attached to the big toe, and cause the big toe to move along other toes. If women wear high-heeled shoes without shoelaces, and the shoes are relatively small, they are more likely to cause thumb valgus or little toe deformation due to toe squeezing.
Fourth, knee arthritis.
Dr. Chen Qun told the reporter that according to a British scholar's research on the relationship between knee arthritis and high-heeled shoes, when wearing high-heeled shoes and walking barefoot, the stress on hip joint, knee joint and ankle joint is completely different. Often wearing high heels will significantly change the normal function of the ankle joint, and the human body must compensate through the hip and knee joint when walking to keep the gait stable. Long-term tension and pressure will lead to degenerative changes in patellofemoral joint cavity, thus inducing knee arthritis.
Five, ankle injury
Wearing high heels can also change the muscle shape of feet and legs. Because the foot mainly moves forward and stands on tiptoe, it intensifies the contraction of calf muscles. Practice has proved that long-term tension in the leg will lead to the shortening of the tendon in the leg, which will further damage the ankle that keeps the human body balanced. When wearing high heels, the heel is raised, and the flexibility of the compressed achilles tendon becomes worse, which is easy to produce achilles tendinitis. The stability of ankle joint is weakened, so cases of ankle sprain or even fracture caused by improper wearing high heels are often encountered in orthopedic clinic.
Six, urinary incontinence
When people walk, the heel touches the ground first, which can slow down the impact force by 80%. However, when wearing high heels, the forefoot is forced to bear too much pressure, so that other parts of the body, such as the knee joint and pelvis, absorb more impact. The greater the pressure on the pelvis and its adjacent muscles, the faster the muscle groups, including the urethral sphincter, degenerate, thus weakening the urethral urination control function, so wearing high heels for a long time may lead to urinary incontinence.
Seven, low back pain
After wearing high heels, the load-bearing line of the human body changes greatly, with the pelvis leaning forward and the waist leaning back. Excessive stretching of the waist makes the back muscles contract and tighten, and the lumbar facet joints and joint capsules are in a state of tension. If you go on for a long time, the joint capsule and the back muscles will be strained, causing low back pain. Pain in the waist and buttocks is often severe in the morning and at night. Symptoms get worse after fatigue and cloudy days. After sitting for a long time, my waist seems to be broken. It can be improved by slapping with my hand. Symptoms can be relieved or even disappeared after a period of time, but they often recur and are difficult to heal. These are all manifestations of lumbar muscle strain, and the consequence of lumbar muscle strain is that the lower lumbar spine with the largest load and activity is the most injured, which can accelerate the degenerative changes such as hyperosteogeny and ligament elasticity reduction in advance, or aggravate these changes, and become a prelude to lumbar disc herniation, lumbar spinal stenosis and lumbar spondylolisthesis.
Prevention and control of hidden dangers
For white-collar women, high-heeled shoes are hard to give up, so in normal times, we should do more ankle, leg and waist relaxation exercises, stretch tendons, and fight against the injury of high-heeled shoes:
1, waist movement: stand up straight, legs apart, shoulder width, arms naturally placed at your sides; The left hand is akimbo (thumb backward, four pointing forward), and the right hip is lifted outward and upward, and the left side of the body is bent by waist strength. Then, restore the starting position and repeat this action for 5 times; Right hand rested on her hips, left arm raised and right side bent. Repeat 5 times.
2. Leg exercise: Sit in a chair, hold your chest out, raise your head, and shrink your shoulders back. Your back is close to the back of the chair, and your arms are naturally placed at your sides. Feet on the ground, knees bent 90 degrees; After pressing the chair surface with both hands and palms, while inhaling deeply, slowly straighten your legs forward and level the pedals. After keeping this action for 5 seconds, make the feet and legs at 90 degrees and keep this action for 5 seconds; Then go back to your original position and exhale. Take a break and repeat the method. 6 ~ 8 times as a group, do it several times a day.
In addition, soaking feet with warm water before going to bed every day can also effectively alleviate the strain caused by high heels on the feet.
Overcome foot pain
Shoes with a large height difference between front and rear will make the pedal unable to stop the car from sliding forward, and it will definitely hurt if the toes are squeezed, which is more likely to cause hallux valgus. Wearing tall clothes is more imposing, and wearing a smelly face hurts.
Step 2: Put on a thin layer of socks.
Avoiding friction can avoid injury. Wearing a layer of socks can protect your skin from blisters caused by friction with the upper without damaging the shape.
Step 3: Buy shoes that fit you.
The sole can conform to the ups and downs of the sole, so that the pressure can be dispersed to all parts of the sole, and it will not be concentrated at a certain point to cause fatigue and redness. Feel carefully when choosing shoes. Is there any place on the sole that you can't touch? If it hurts, say no!
Step 4: Estimate in advance how many roads you will take.
Before going out, think about today's itinerary and how long you will stand. How many roads do I have to walk? If you remember to go shopping and hiking today, you should choose your shoes more rationally!
Step 5: Wear high heels only when necessary.
Will wearing high heels for a long time really make King Kong's legs indestructible? You are so stupid and naive. It hurts more if you wear too much, and it hurts more if you wear less. Please use your chips carefully, have a proper rest, and give your beautiful legs a chance to live!
Step 6: Step right.
Walking in high heels is actually the same as walking on weekdays. Be sure to let the heel land first, and then the toe land. If you walk in the wrong order, you will look like a horse, which is not only unsightly, but also more likely to cause sports injuries.
Does your foot hurt? It's never too late to mend! Please do not give up first aid. After taking off high heels, please follow the following four steps to relieve the tormenting pain.
Step 1: Toe pad action
Stand on tiptoe for 5 seconds and then put it down. Repeat slowly 10 times.
Step 2: Step on tennis.
Buy a tennis ball or baseball, roll back and forth under your feet, massage your arch back and forth, and activate blood circulation under your feet. Please choose a person, because you will roll your eyes when you just take off your high heels to do this action.
Step 3: Pinch your toes.
Take out the "foam toe splitter" that ladies will use when polishing nail polish (available in major beauty shops). Clamp all toes together, hold for 6 seconds, then relax for 6 seconds, and then repeat the clamping relaxation 10 times.
Step 4: Pull the pedal.
After taking out the towel, sit down, bend one leg straight and one knee, grab both ends of the towel to cover the foot plate of the straight leg, and pull towards your body. Hold for 6 seconds and then let go, and then slowly repeat the action 10 times.
Wearing flat shoes is very uncomfortable because the muscles at the back of the calf are shortened.
The study found that, compared with wearing flat shoes, women wearing high heels for five days a week will shorten the posterior leg muscles by 65,438+03% after two years, and the achilles tendon will become thicker and harder. People who wear high heels for a long time are used to this combination of thick achilles tendon and short muscle fiber, and then wear flat shoes, the muscles need to adapt to the new traction state, which will cause discomfort and even pain in the calf. It is recommended that you wear shoes with different heights and flat shoes alternately, and avoid wearing high heels with the same height for a long time.
Because my ankle is unstable, it is easy to sprain my ankle.
When doing toe plantar flexion, the ankle joint is easy to produce the force of turning inward, so wear the outside of the shoe first. When I wear high heels, my ankle has been passively flexed and my joint is unstable, which makes it easy to sprain my ankle. In addition, there are many medial malleolus ligaments and strong muscles, so sprained ankles are mostly lateral malleolus sprains. It is recommended that you exercise your ankles regularly, such as alternately moving your toes up and down and turning around your ankles outwards and inwards.
The arch tension is high because the heel is too high.
There is a thick fibrous tissue called "plantar aponeurosis" on the sole of the foot, which maintains the stability of the arch like a bowstring. High heels have a steel plate called "hook heart" in the same position. The higher the heel, the higher the strength of the steel plate and the greater the tension on the plantar aponeurosis. However, plantar aponeurosis is not an alternative steel plate. If you wear high heels for a long time, the plantar aponeurosis and plantar aponeurosis are easy to relax, which will seriously cause flat feet.
The forefoot will feel tired because the center of gravity moves forward.
When you wear high heels, you mainly use the forefoot to carry the load. The higher the heel, the more your weight will squeeze into your forefoot. The bones of the forefoot are arranged horizontally, and they are maintained by the strength of muscles and ligaments when bearing weight. They are elastic structures, but they are not suitable for bearing. Therefore, the stress on the front foot is too large, and the bones are easily deformed, resulting in hallux valgus and hammer toe symptoms. High heels higher than 6 cm should not stand and walk for more than 2 hours.
The most comfortable angle of 2 cm heel is more in line with the foot curve.
When walking on the flat ground, the most comfortable angle is that the ankle joint is 95 (the ankle joint is about 1 10 ~ 145 when wearing high heels). This means that the heel must be slightly raised, and the flat shoes with a heel of about 2 cm are more in line with the curve of the foot.