The emperor died and collapsed. "Biography of the White Tiger": "Does the son of heaven mean collapse? Don't condescend, death and life are different. The son of heaven is dying. Big statue. If it collapses, it will collapse, the world will be shocked, Li Shu will cry and the ocean will be sad. " (Volume 11) Ceremony: When the emperor dies, it is called collapse; When the princes die, the doctors die; When the scholar dies, so does Shu Ren. The hierarchical differences in feudal society can be said to be eternal. Regarding the death of the emperor, there are various sayings: "Strict driving", and strictness is the last master. It is said that the emperor's preparation is not like going out in the morning, and going out at night means that it does not exist. Dinghu tells the story of the Yellow Emperor's Immortality. The explanation of "big line" is quite inconsistent. "Custom Pass" said: "When the Emperor of Heaven collapsed, there was no posthumous title, so it was called the Emperor of Japan." Interpretation of Zhou Li's Funeral: "Funeral traces are famous for their big lines and small lines." Therefore, the "big line" means having great virtue and should be commended. In other words, those who are "big" mean never to return. Historical Records (Volume 11) holds this view. "Going on holiday" or "going to a distant place" and "ritual music" are also words that the King of Heaven sent messengers to tell the world. Deng, Shang also; It's already wrong It is said that the son of heaven has risen, and if the fairy goes, it will also be. "A guest" and "a guest in the sky" also mean to go to the fairy.
When the emperor died, people all over the world mourned for it, calling it national mourning and national taboo. In the Song Dynasty, ministers were forbidden to go to Buddhist temples to burn incense, and music and punishment were forbidden. In the Qing dynasty, the country was forbidden, and the subjects in the world did not send hair for a hundred days, taking white mourning, forbidding music and forbidding marriage. About the emperor's funeral system, Ye Fan recorded it in detail in Hanshu. Fierce rites ranked second in the Five Rites, but moved to the fifth place in the early Tang Dynasty. "Li Yifu and Xu thought that evil deeds were not suitable for courtiers, so they went to their national shirts because the son of heaven was cruel." (Book of the New Tang Dynasty, Volume 20, Ten Rites and Music). In fact, since the Book of Jin, the funeral system and the mountain mausoleum system have been ignored. Obviously, this is because the specific records are easy to reveal the secrets of the mausoleum and lead to theft, so they are deliberately kept secret. So we don't know many details today.
According to the Records of the Later Han Dynasty, the old emperor was ill and was called "unprepared". People who "don't worry" don't worry about politics. To treat the imperial doctor and the drug supervisor, recent ministers often take Xiaohuangmen at a dose of 12 times, for fear that someone will take medicine. The emperor died, starting from the middle and late Eastern Han Dynasty, that is, the queen ordered three ceremonies to handle the funeral. All officials wear white clothes, and white clothes are not crowned. The palace gate is closed and the northern army is under martial law. Ceremony: The Emperor received it on the third day, buried it on the seventh day and buried it in July. Emperor Wendi's suicide note: the officials and people in the world put clothes on three days, and the subsequent burial period was greatly shortened from the collapse to the seventh day of burial. The emperor's body was bathed according to etiquette, and the rice contained the pearl king, which was twelve times heavier and put on the so-called jade box. It is enough to sew jade like armor with gold as the thread. Jade is one foot, two and a half inches long below the waist. Down to the feet, it is also sewn with gold thread. When they finished, they stopped between two trees and the ministers were crying. Then the crown prince is in front of the cabinet. Then open the palace gate and the city gate and stop the guards. Guan Bai decided to cry on the fifth day and sent someone to cry until the funeral. According to Amin writer Shen Defu, "The emperors and queens of this dynasty lost their lives for the first time, and every temple rang 30,000 times. Beggar Buddhists say that people who suffer in hell will be accused when they hear the bell. Therefore, it is assumed that the deceased relatives of this generation benefit from invisibility, and those who do not speak the cloud are guilty, so as to solve this problem. Ringing the bell is an imperial edict that everyone saw in the past. Beggars' gangs have a long history since Tang and Song Dynasties. But ghosts are the most meaningless and ubiquitous today. If you think that gold and silver are ridiculous naked, the yellow dress is called Quantaibao, and the self-nature is called Ghost Travel Yabao. When you arrive in Zigong, Song Gaozong, officials have little difference in drinking paper money and are filial. The admonition officer said, "Paper money is something that historians put people above their loved ones, and it is not suitable for the Lord." Xiao Zong said,' What about Shao? Paper money must be used before the sacrifice. Do strangers behave like your generation, and can they live without money?' Then this is also related to the story. Although this dynasty was used rather than used, it was more virtuous than the previous generation. "("Wan Bian Xuan "Volume II" Funeral ") Paper money began in the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty. This is indeed a great "creation" It is hard to say that the use of paper money is not inspired by it.
The emperor's coffin is called Zigong. "Custom Pass": "Palace people live in their homes. Fate is fatal because of its name. " Ceremony, the son of heaven and catalpa died together, so the day "catalpa palace". Also known as "saving the palace". "Book of Rites on Tan Gong": "The funeral of the son of heaven is also to save energy and draw a dragon stop, add an axe to the car shield and finish painting the house." Zheng Note: "Draw Zhou Long on the wood and add a coffin. The emperor used a chariot for the funeral and painted a dragon. " Drummer, clump also. An axe is a slap in the face, written in black and white. My car will carry a hearse. This kind of burial method is called "Yellow Intestine Mystery" in the Book of Rites of the Later Han Dynasty. "Title", the head also. "Put your head inward, so it is solid." "The Han family has built a square city with four doors and four links, and put six horses. Then mix sundries, paints, treasures, rice grains, and buried horses and chariots, tigers and leopards, and animals. " Yuan Di was buried without chariots, horses, livestock, etc. (same as above, citing Huang Lan). Liu Dan's tomb, discovered at Beijing Dahetai 1974, is made of 15000 pieces of yellow-hearted dead wood, which are connected with the head and overlap 30 layers around the coffin. Liu Dan is just a prince who abandoned his sin, and the scale of his tomb is amazing enough. How long will Huang Chang's funeral last? Book of Rites says that since Wei and Jin Dynasties, funerals are generally the same as those in Han Dynasty, but simplified. (Volume 20 "The Book of Rites") It is estimated that this time is impossible, probably for sure.
The emperor's mausoleum, mausoleum, mausoleum. The tomb of the ancient king is not a grave, but a grave, which is raised by gathering soil. Since the Spring and Autumn Period, there have been people who call Qiu. It is said that there must be a mountain high, but it may be a special case. The king of Qin is often called the mausoleum. When Qin Shihuang ascended the throne, a mausoleum was built on Mount Li, ten miles southwest of Xinfeng. "And the world, I send notions of more than seventy people, wear three springs, copper and check. Palace officials, strange things, strange things, strange things, strange things. Let the craftsman make a crossbow, and people who wear it at close range need to shoot it. Take mercury as a hundred rivers and seas, instill machines, there is astronomy on the top and geography on the bottom. Take mermaid cream as a candle, and it will last for a long time. II said:' It is not appropriate for the late emperor's harem not to take his son out.' All of them were ordered to die, and many people died. Now that the burial is over, the craftsman is the machine, and those who know that they should lose weight should be released. When the event is over, you have been hidden, locked in the door of envy, the door of envy. Those who have heard of craftsmen have never made a comeback. Trees and vegetation are like mountains. "(Historical Records Volume 6 Biography of Qin Shihuang) is called the First Imperial Tomb. According to Liu Xiang, its mausoleum is "going down three springs and going up a mountain grave", which is more than 50 feet high and carries more than five miles a week. The sarcophagus is the pavilion, the human ointment is the candle, the mercury is the river and the sea, and the gold is the goose. The hidden treasure, the change of machinery, the beauty of coffins and the prosperity of palaces and halls are invincible. More court factories were killed and tens of thousands of craftsmen were born. "(Hanshu Volume 36 Liu Xiangchuan) Jia Shan said that he died and was buried in Lishan, with hundreds of thousands of officials and disciples for ten years. Under the three springs, stone and steel are combined into one, surrounded by paint and jade ornaments. Watching him swim, going up to the mountains, and wasting his time for the funeral "(ibid., Volume 51, Biography of Jia Shan). The construction of the Mausoleum of the First Qin Emperor took 378 years, and the earthwork alone reached 5071494,597 cubic meters, with a masonry area of 59,200 square meters and a building tile laying area of more than 3 million square meters. (Wang Xueli's research on Qin Shihuang's silk book) Its large scale and rich tombs can be seen from today's archaeological investigation and the excavation of Junma Pit. Xiang Yu, a native of Xianyang, "burned his palace to camp, and the past is salty." Later, the shepherd died and the sheep was cut. The shepherd raised a fire for the sheep and lost the fire. "Ibid." Liu Xiangchuan "). After Hu, he dug the tomb of Qin Shihuang, took bronze pillars and cast them into the Book of Jin (Historical Records of the Dragon Xia Biography, Volume 107).
Because of the Qin system, the grave soil is the mausoleum, which makes the state manage the cemetery and settle the case; Lord, Lord soldiers become thieves; Eat official orders and watch dark season sacrifices. There are also officials, all of whom are officials who input the main mountain manuscript. Gardens and officials are too ordinary. "Han Jiu Yi": Tai Changyue and his party visited the mausoleum. See table No.7 and Hou Zhi No.2). Since Qin Shihuang, Yi Li has been set up in Lishan Mountain and moved to 30,000 households at a time. In the Han Dynasty, Yuling City, the home of the rich, was moved to consolidate the capital and guard the mausoleum.
As soon as the Han emperor ascended the throne, he began to build a mausoleum. Seven Records of the Later Han Dynasty quotes Old Records of the Han Dynasty: "The emperor will ascend to the throne next year, and there will be seven people working in the mausoleum. The land in the middle of the square is one hectare, thirteen feet deep, the altar is three feet high and the tomb is twelve feet high. Liang Wudi's tomb is twenty feet high, one foot seven feet high in the middle of Ming Dynasty, and two feet around it. The yellow intestines of the scorpion and cypress are a mystery. " Martyrdom includes all daily necessities, weapons, musical instruments, bicycles and so on. Liang Wudi's mausoleum is the largest, with 190 kinds of money, wealth, birds, animals, fish and turtles. ("Han Shu Gong Yuchuan" Volume 72) The jade boxes in the collection are all engraved with the images of mosquitoes, dragons, honeymoons and turtles, which are called the dragon jade boxes at the turn of the century. ("Miscellanies of Xijing", Volume 1) Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty handed down from generation to generation practiced thin burial and ruled Baling, all of which were pottery vessels, not decorated with gold, silver, copper and tin; Because of its mountains, it can't afford to be a mausoleum. ("Han Shu" Volume 4 "Wendy Jizan") Therefore, the red-browed soldier Chang 'an made great contributions to the tombs of the Western Han Dynasty. In the future, he took its treasures and humiliated the corpse, but Baling was exempted. During the period from Emperor Yan to Jianxing in the Jin Dynasty, Baling and Ling Du were stolen and many treasures were obtained. The emperor asked Sorin why there were so many treasures in the Han tombs. Sorin said to him, "The emperor of the Han Dynasty ascended the throne for one year and became a mausoleum. One third goes to the ancestral hall, one to the guests and one to the mountain mausoleum. Emperor Wu's age is long, and he has not only collapsed, but Maoling no longer contains things, and its trees can be arched. Red eyebrows take things from the mausoleum, and they cannot be halved. Today, rotten silks still exist, and pearls and jadeites are inexhaustible. This second mausoleum is the ear of thrift! It is also sincere. " ("Biography of the Book of Jin" 60) Emperor Wen clearly stated in his testamentary edict that there was a thin burial. Why is it a large amount of property, which surprised Emperor Wu of Jin? Textual research on Gu's "Japan": Baling was robbed three times: I saw in "Biography of Han Shu and Zhang Tang" that I stole money from Xiaowen Garden; Say goodbye to "Custom Pass", saying that although Baling was buried thin, it was also stolen; The third article is contained in Biography of the Book of Jin. Liang believes that the gold and jade jewelry "must be made by Emperor Jing, not by testamentary edicts and pottery. You can't record if you don't know the secret! " Yang, the same book, said, "All things that are not filial can't be eliminated, or the plan of Emperor Jing is close to injustice!" (Volume XV: Re-burial) Han's annotation on Hanshu is also considered as "the minister of the Empress Dowager violated her will" (Notes on the Emperor Wen Ji in Volume IV of Hanshu). However, Zhao Yi quoted Yu Shinan from the Tang Dynasty as saying that in the Han Dynasty, when a person was in power, he divided the tributes of the world into three parts and the mountains into one part. He thinks this is a solid reserve, and many people pay tribute to the real mausoleum, which is a Han family system, so there are many cultural relics in the mausoleum. (Yu Cong Kao, Volume 16, Preface to the Immigrants in the Han Tombs) Judging from Suochan's statement that Hanwu enjoyed the country for a long time, Maoling couldn't hold anything, Zhao Yi's opinion was correct. The so-called "thinness" is just a comparison. The testamentary edict was martyred with earthenware, and the original collection of tributes over the years was not abolished.
There is a sleeping room in the cemetery, so it is commonly known as the mausoleum. Qin Shihuang began to sleep at the tomb to show that there was a dynasty before him, and there was a bed after the death of the Lord. Because of the Qin system in the Han Dynasty, there is a garden in the tomb, and the living clothes are like strange clothes, which means ancient sleep (Volume 52 of Tongdian, Book of Rites, Evolution and Li Ji). "Luoyang today, all have dark hope, 24 gas, V, club, wax, four eclipses, too official. Garden order, food supervision code province, its relatives mausoleum. The imperial secretary leaked the pillow and washing water with the drum, and Chen Yan got it. " (under "Arbitrary") These palace ladies guarding the mausoleum are all palace ladies of the emperor's harem. This system was initiated by Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty. During the Hanwu period, thousands of women were recruited to fill the harem and abandon the world ... After that, the ladies-in-waiting were placed in the garden (Han Shu, Volume 72, Biography of Gong Yu) to serve the dead emperor. There was no tomb sacrifice three generations ago. The ceremony of going to the grave began with the ceremony of sleeping in the garden.
The fact that Cao Cao robbed the tomb also regarded life and death as access, so he advocated thin burial. After ten years of Jian 'an, he ordered not to be buried again and not to erect a monument (Song Lishuzhi); Funerals are also simplified. It is also called "the system of the final ceremony is complicated and useless, vulgar and not limited." I made four baskets of clothes for the final ceremony, and I know them. No matter spring, summer, autumn and winter, I am outspoken every day and can't take them away at any time. " In the third year of Huang Wen's life, he made his own final decision and made a well-meaning statement, saying, "Since ancient times, no country has ever been immortal, and no grave has ever been dug. Since the chaos, all the tombs in the Han Dynasty have been excavated, even the jade boxes and gold ornaments have been burned, and the bones have also been burned, which is a kind of punishment similar to burning. Isn't it painful? The cause of the disaster is that the tree is thick and buried. " He demanded that "the mausoleum should be based on mountains, and there should be no sealing materials, no sleeping halls, no gardens, no cities, and no ways to connect with the gods". "Without gold, silver, copper and iron, there is an earthenware utensil", "The coffin must pass through the lacquer society three times, and the rice must have no pearl and jade box" (The History of the Three Kingdoms Shu Wei Wendy Ji). Wei Wu (Cao Cao) buried Gaoling and "has a memorial hall in accordance with the Han Dynasty. Wendi thought the ancient tombs were all in the temple. The houses in the temple in Gaoling were destroyed, the horses and chariots were returned to the stables, and the clothes were hidden in the house "(Volume 17 of Zi Jian quoted Shen Yueri). The emperor of the Western Jin Dynasty did not seal trees, gathered clothes for the time, and did not set funerary wares. At the beginning of the river, Baidu was the pioneer and the mountain was the destination, so it was extremely economical. As the fashion book "Pei Wei" said: "Daikin hangs down the system and is far-reaching. The mountains and tombs are not sealed, and the gardens and towns are not decorated. The tombs are not graves, and they are the same as the mountains and the soil, so that they are the same as the Central Plains!" (Volume 166 of General Provisions of Criminal Law IV)
However, the funeral system in the Tang Dynasty returned to the Han system to a great extent. After the death of Li Yuan, Emperor Taizong was worthy of respect according to the story of the Changling Mausoleum of Han Dynasty (Liu Bang Mausoleum). After the persuasion of Yu Shinan and others, a compromise was finally reached, and the ministers proposed: "The Changling of Emperor Gaozu is nine feet high and the Guangling is six feet high; Juve and Wei Wen don't seal trees, because mountains are graves. Stealing the Changling system is too extravagant; Two rules also hurt customs. It is really appropriate to rely on allusions and follow formulas. " Leading to the approval of Emperor Taizong. ("Tongdian" Volume 79 "Book of Rites Thirty-nine, Evolution Thirty-nine, Fierce Rites One") Tang Taizong's Zhaoling was carved from nine hills. According to his instructions before his death, "only enough to put a coffin, everything is frugal." "Because the peak of Jiulishan cuts the southwest of Shanxi, it is seventy-five feet deep, which is the Xuan Palace. The rock beam beside the mountain is a plank road, absolutely. 230 steps around the mountain, you can reach the Xuan Palace, and the temple is also at the top of the door. " (Literature General Examination, Volume 125, Wang Li 20 is actually huge in engineering. During the Five Dynasties in Zhu Liang, Wen Tao excavated all the Tang tombs under his jurisdiction in order to get treasures. "And Zhaoling is the most solid, and Tao Xundao walks, seeing the beauty of the palace system without being different from the world. There is a right bed in the middle, and the east and west compartments are lined with stone beds. The stone letter on the bed is an iron box, which contains the handwriting of books, clocks and kings of past dynasties. The paper and ink are as good as new. " ("History of the New Five Dynasties" Volume 40 "Biography of Tao Wen") It serves to show that the so-called thrift is by no means practical. The handwriting of the martyr Zhong He Wang, the most famous of which is the Preface to Lanting written by Wang Zhi of Jin Dynasty, is far more precious than Zhu Yubao. Emperor Taizong's martyrdom is the destruction of precious cultural relics, and it is a criminal act that destroys national culture much more seriously than waste. Ganling is the mausoleum of Tang Gaozong. Empress Wu Zetian of the Zhou Dynasty was buried here as a queen after she abdicated. In the Han dynasty, many queens were buried in the same grave, not together. Since the Wei and Jin Dynasties, there have been people buried together. Emperor Gaozong first died in Wu Zetian. "This mysterious palace is made of stone, and iron and copper are sewn together." Its firmness can be seen. So at that time, Yan Shansi opposed reopening the tomb door and advocated another camp for burial to calm his nerves, but was rejected by Zhongzong. Wen Tao's contribution to the Tang Tombs is enormous. He said, "Only the wind and rain in the dry tombs can't be done.".
Tang Mausoleum also restored the mausoleum system of Han Dynasty. "Any emperor who ascends to a distant place and has no children in the imperial palace will be sent to the mountain mausoleum, offering sacrifices in the morning and evening, washing and combing the pillows, and things will die like things." ("Zi Jian" Volume 249 Hu Zhu Yin Li) All graves are planted with cypress rings, surrounded by Baicheng Sanli, and there is no other burial inside. (The same volume 229 Hu Zhuyin) and the hero invited the undertaker to listen. (ibid., vol. 195) The day when the bank is buried is called the death day, and it is generally not allowed to be celebrated for three days. It is a Buddhist ritual to burn incense and eat monks. The national taboo incense began in the post-Wei dynasty; Jiang Wenliang, every time you burn incense, you still scatter it at the end of the incense. This is called burning incense. (Volume 3 of "The Hills of Yin Mountain are Full of Tides") Rice monks started in Jin Shi. Tang system: "February 8, birthdays, anniversaries, officials and ministers pay homage to the mausoleum. Burning incense is also forbidden in temples in Beijing, and all ministries in the world are also forbidden to burn incense in China. In the Song Dynasty, there was still a ritual of burning incense in the temples, which was different in other States. " ("The Pen Bird on the Hub Mountain" Volume 1) Abstain from alcohol and meat when you are fragrant.
The mausoleum system of the Yuan Dynasty completely preserved the old customs of Mongolia. According to/kloc-Gabini, a western European priest who visited Mongolian grassland at the beginning of the 0/2 century, "As for burying their leaders, they have different methods. They secretly went to an open place, where they removed the grass, roots and everything on the ground and dug a big pit. At the edge of the pit, they dug an underground grave. When they put the body in the grave, they put his favorite slave under the body. The slave lay under the body until he almost died, and then they dragged him out and let him breathe; Then they put him under the body, so they did it three times in a row. If the slave is lucky enough not to die, then he is a free man from now on, can do whatever he wants, and become an important person in the owner's tent and his relatives. When they buried the dead in the grave, they also buried all the things mentioned above and restored them to their original appearance. Therefore, no one can find this place in the future. " (To Mongolia, page 15) The burial places of emperors of past dynasties are called forbidden places, and no one is allowed to approach them. Anyone who dares to go near these cemeteries will be stripped naked, whipped and severely abused if caught. According to the report of the envoys of the Southern Song Dynasty, "its tomb is homeless, so it is as flat as a horse. If there is no real tomb (Temujin, Genghis Khan), the arrow will be inserted into the wall, more than 30 miles wide, and Luo Ji will ride for the guard. " ("Black Tatar") Its coffin, "Where the palace car is driving, the coffin is fragrant nanmu, which is divided into two parts. It's a human figure, wide, narrow and short, just enough for a guest. Wearing a mink coat and a fur hat. Its boots, waist and box are all made of white powder leather. Sacrifice two golden pots, one lamp, one dish and one spoon. Up to now, gold has been used as a hoop for four people. White felt is the car, Qingyuan is the emperor, and the coffin is based on the loss. On the way, he used a Mongolian witch, wearing new clothes, riding a horse, decorating the saddle with gold, and putting it in a cage to absorb the loss, which was called the golden horse. Drink sacrifices with sheep three times a day. At the burial site, the soil from the hole is arranged in turn. After the coffin is put down, cover it in turn. If there is residual soil, it is to stay away from other places. Three funeral officers who lived five miles away cooked once a day to offer sacrifices. Return in three years (Yuan Shi, Volume 77, Ji Lu Liu). The book "Caomuzi" said that after being buried deeply, "ten thousand horses were leveled, the grass was lifted, and it was leveled, and there was no trace of re-examination." According to Tu Ji, in order to recognize the tomb, a young camel was killed after the tomb hole was covered with flat soil. When you want to sacrifice later, take the mother of the killed camel as a guide and know the burial place according to where it stays. Tu Ji recorded this from Meng Wuer's Historical Records (Volume 3), and he noted that it was quoted from the book Caoshuzi, but there was no such article in the book Caoshuzi. Besides, there are thousands of families guarding the mausoleum in the forbidden area, and a cinema has been rebuilt for ancestors to drink. Since the Yuan Dynasty, the land in the valley has been the graveyard of the emperor. Undoubtedly, what's wrong with this? The theory of killing camels began in Qing dynasty, which is not credible because of its ignorance.
None of the above records said that there was a sacrificial system in the Mausoleum of the Yuan Dynasty. Li Le's "Miscellaneous Notes on Experiences" also said that "after the death of his monarch, there is no need for people to sacrifice, ritual vessels or mountains" (Volume II). However, the Persian historical materials are completely different. The history of the world conqueror of surgeons says that Genghis Khan died and was buried with forty beautiful women. (Volume I, page 189) Vasaf recorded the burial of Ilihan's King Xu Levu (Kublai Khan's brother), saying that "according to the old Mongolian custom, gold and precious stones are thrown in the tomb, and young beauties are used as martyrdom decorations" (Dosan's History of Mongolia II, page 140). Based on this, the emperors of the Yuan Dynasty should also have buried treasures and beautiful women. Han bureaucrats can't attend many ceremonies of Mongolian nobles. For the dead emperor, they just wailed in the northern suburbs of Dadu and sent the spiritual pivot to the north. They don't know the burial system.
Regarding the system of the Ming Tombs, the pre-martyrdom is a very noteworthy issue. Human martyrdom has long since disappeared in the traditional Han Dynasty. Why did it reappear in the Ming Dynasty? This can not but make people suspect that it is the influence of the Yuan Dynasty system. "Twelve Records of Li Mingshi": "The British Sect collapsed, and it was forbidden to be buried with the official princess." (Volume 58) Zheng Xiao and Ma Jin were quoted in The Lack of the Country, saying that it was a benevolent move for Yingzong to stop the sacrifice of concubines. (Volume 33) is enough to prove that the system of human martyrdom existed from the beginning. "Biography of Empresses and Concubines of Ming Dynasty" contains: "When Taizu first collapsed, many imperial concubines died with him. After the establishment of Wen Jian and Yongle, they received preferential treatment one after another. If Zhang Feng, Heng Li, Zhao Fu, Zhang Qian and Wang Bin all tried out 100 households from the Royal Guards and gave up thousands or hundreds of households with knives on horseback, and they were hereditary, people would call them' Taizu female households'. Li, Ren and Xuan also used martyrdom. Jing Zong used the king's flag, but it was still used to build palaces. Only after the legacy of Yingzong. " (Volume 113) Hui, Xian,,, Jiao, Cao Shi, Yuan, Zhu, Chongfei Li and Cheng Feizhi were all ghosts who died with Xuanzong. The book said: "I am committed to righteousness, and I should recommend a dragon emblem to make guests." "When Ming Chengzu died, the North Korean envoy was attending the funeral in Beijing. On the night before the funeral, the prince invited more than 30 dead concubines to a banquet to say goodbye to them. In the extreme sadness of death, naturally, no one will care about the delicious food at the rich farewell banquet, but cry bitterly and shake the hall. White silk has already been hung in the temple, and below it is a small wooden bed for stepping on. One by one, they were forced by the imperial edict to board the small wooden bed and tied their necks with white silk. Some people don't want to hang themselves. So the eunuchs forced their hands and hanged her. Korean Princess Han cried and begged the Prince, saying, My mother is old, and I hope to send her back to China. At the same time, she cried and said to nanny Jin Hei, "Mom, I'll go! Mom, I will go! " Before he finished, the little wooden bed he set foot on had been turned over by the eunuch. Among the martyrs of Xuanzong, Ai Guo from Fengyang entered the palace only 2 1 day. She wrote a poem before she died, and she was very sad. As the poem says, "There are several shortcomings, but they are not enough. Life is like a dream and death is like sleep. Sorry, I left my family first and lost my filial piety. I feel sad and embarrassed. If so, I can mourn. " (History of the Ming Dynasty 1 13 Biography of Empresses) Ying Zong had no good deeds all his life, but his conscience found out before he died that his son Xian Zong said, "I can't bear to be buried with others. "This matter is a family of its own, and there will be no descendants." So it is customized (no Thai record). The body of the concubines who were buried in the tomb did not enter the tomb, but was buried in another well in the mausoleum area.