Abandon the treasure and bear the burden.

This paper mainly talks about the story of "Lin Hui abandoned his precious stones and ran away with his baby" mentioned in the dispute between Confucius and Yong, which means: "The relationship based on interests can't last long, and it is easy to split due to external reasons."

Chinese name

Abandon the treasure and bear the burden.

Category type

Ancient prose

tidy

Zhuangzi Sanmu

Character; Role; letter

Confucius and Wei

source

Zhuangzi Sanmu by Zhuang Zhou in the Warring States Period.

Zhuangzi (369-286 BC), Han nationality, surnamed Zhuang Mingzhou, was born in Zixiu at the age of 84. One of the main founders of Taoism. China is a famous philosopher, thinker, writer and debater. Zushang was born in Chu, and later civil strife in Chu was caused by the reform of Wuqi. Zushang moved to the land of Mongolia in Song Dynasty to avoid the crime of foreign sects. Zhuangzi only worked as an official in the local lacquer garden all his life, and advocated freedom, which should not be used by Chu Weiwang. Zhuangzi and Laozi, the ancestor of Taoism, are collectively called "Laozi and Zhuangzi". Their philosophical ideology is respected as "Laozi and Zhuangzi's philosophy" by the ideological and academic circles. Representative works include Zhuangzi, and representative works include Wandering and On Everything. Zhuangzi advocated "harmony between man and nature" and "governing by doing nothing". Zhuangzi, the representative work, has been interpreted by respected people in various sample editions, including Wandering and On Everything.

Zhuangzi advocated "harmony between man and nature" and "governing by doing nothing". His theory covered all aspects of social life at that time, but his spirit still converted to Laozi's philosophy. Zhuangzi once worked as a painter and lived in poverty, but he despised wealth, power, fame and fortune, trying to maintain an independent personality in troubled times and pursue carefree spiritual freedom. Feudal emperors paid special attention to Zhuangzi's important contribution in the history of China literature and thought. In the 25th year of Tang Kaiyuan, posthumous title, Zhuangzi, was named "South China Real Person", which was later called "South China Real Person". He is regarded as the founder of Taoism and the incarnation of Taiyi's salvation. Zhuangzi is also known as the Southern Classic of China. His articles are full of romanticism and have a far-reaching influence on later literature.

original text

Confucius asked his son Sang Yong, "I will go back to Lu, cut down the trees of the Song Dynasty, cut down the traces of Wei, and surround Chen and Cai in the poor Shang and Zhou Dynasties. I made this number problem (3), close friends are good for me, and friends are good for me. Why? ④"

Meng said, "doesn't Zizi know the death of the mute?" Lin turned around, abandoned the 1000 silver and went to get it. Or:' for its cloth? There is too little cloth for naked children. Tired of it? A naked child is tired. What's the point of abandoning a treasure of 1000 yuan to chase your son? "Lin Hui said,' If you want to benefit from each other, this is heaven. All landowners husband for the benefit, forcing the poor and evil to abandon each other. People in heaven force the poor and evil to accept each other. It is still far from her husband's acceptance and abandonment. The friendship between gentlemen is indifferent, and the friendship between villains is willing; A gentleman is indifferent to his relatives, but a villain is willing to give up. Those who join without reason leave without reason. "

Confucius said, "I respect my life!" Xu Hangxiang pretended to return home and donated books when he was out of school. Disciples did not worry about the former, but their love increased.

To annotate ...

① is: a person's name. Sang Zi is a compound surname. (2) Cutting down trees: Confucius went to the Song Dynasty and studied etiquette with his disciples under the big tree. Tui, Sima Huan of the Song Dynasty, wanted to kill Confucius, but Confucius left first, and Sima Huan uprooted his tree. After "pulling out trees", it is called "cutting down trees". Slotting: Remove car tracks. 3 attack: encounter. 4 benefits: gradually. Yuhe: Yuhe, a metaphor, indicates rhetorical tone. ⑤ Dummy: Smart person. Trend: Run fast. 6 or: Some people say. This is a rhetorical question. Or, indefinite pronouns. B: ancient coins. ⑦ Immortal genus: relatives related by blood, such as father and son, brother and sister, are "Immortal genus". 8 collection: collection. Pet-name ruby (lǐ): sweet wine. Respect for life: respect and respect. Take orders: Take instructions. Wei Xiang: I'm comfortable and complacent. ⅹ(yⅹ): reference, collection.

translate

Confucius asked Yong: "I was fired by Lu again;" I went to the Song State to learn etiquette with my disciples under a big tree, and Sima Huan of the Song State was shocked and humiliated by being hunted down and cut down trees. Not only was it not reused in Weiguo, but some people even wiped out the traces I left after I left; Down and out in Shang and Zhou Dynasties; At that time, Cai was mistaken for Yang Hu and was besieged. I suffered so many disasters, my relatives and friends became more alienated, and my disciples and friends gradually dispersed. Why? "

Yong said, "Isn't it Zhihu who captured the sage? Lin Hui abandoned the precious jade and ran away with the baby on his back.

Some people can't understand Lin Hui's morality and value orientation. They are all talking about:' Is it for money? The value of the baby is too small again! Is he afraid of being dragged down? The baby is dragging too much! Give up precious jade and carry your children away. What is it for? "

Lin Hui said:' That piece of Baoyu is harmonious with me only because of interests; This child and I are flesh and blood! "If the interests are the same, they will abandon each other if they encounter embarrassment, poverty, disaster, worry and injury; Close relatives of the same flesh and blood will tolerate and help each other when they encounter embarrassment, poverty, disaster, worry and injury. The difference between mutual accommodation and mutual abandonment is too far away. Moreover, the friendship between gentlemen is as light as water, and the friendship between villains is like mellow wine; A gentleman's friendship is indifferent to water but intimate for a long time, while a villain's friendship is sweet and conducive to breaking off love. People who get together for no reason are bound to leave for no reason. "

Confucius said, "I respectfully accept your advice!" " "So I walked back slowly. From then on, I put down the shelf of university experts, abandoned unrealistic bookishness, and no longer recruited apprentices to serve me. However, people's admiration and love for him have deepened. Moral:

The relationship based on interests cannot last long, and it is easy to split due to external reasons.

Idioms have the following basic characteristics:

1, structural fixity

The components and structural forms of idioms are fixed, and it is generally impossible to change or increase or decrease morphemes at will. For example, "cold lips and teeth" cannot be changed to "cold lips and teeth", "cold lips and teeth". "No ink in the chest" cannot be added as "No ink in the chest". In addition, the word order in idioms is fixed and cannot be changed at will. For example, "context" cannot be changed to "context"; "Great achievements" cannot be changed to "great achievements".

2. Integrity of meaning

Idioms are holistic in meaning. Its meaning is often not the simple addition of its component meanings, but the overall meaning further summarized on the basis of its component meanings, such as "the fox is fake and tiger is powerful" on the surface, but actually "bullying people by the strength of others"; "Cooking with a dead rabbit and a dead dog" refers to "cooking with a dead rabbit and a dead dog" on the surface, but actually refers to "people who serve the rulers are abandoned or killed after success"; The superficial meaning of "forgetting to eat and sleep" is "forgetting to eat and sleep", but the actual meaning is "extremely concentrating on hard work" and so on.

3. Diversity of grammatical functions

From the perspective of Chinese grammar, Chinese idioms are equivalent to a phrase in a sentence. Because phrases can act as different components in sentences, the grammatical functions of idioms are also varied. There are various forms of Chinese idioms, including four-character idioms, five-character idioms, six-character idioms, seven-character idioms and eight-character idioms, among which four-character idioms are the main form of Chinese idioms. Therefore, the analysis of the grammatical function of idioms here mainly focuses on the analysis of four-character idioms as syntactic components.