Sun Quan, whose real name is Zhong Mou, was the founding emperor of Wu, but he was also the first thief of ancient emperors and the first thief of the tomb of the king of Nanyue.
No matter in Romance of the Three Kingdoms or History of the Three Kingdoms, there is no record of Sun Quan's grave robbery, so the impression of the world is that Sun Quan is decisive and brave. As a master, he is not only far-sighted, but also able to assess the situation, listen to the words of ministers, argue with reason, and is very talented. Completely a despot image, male according to jiangdong.
It is estimated that he will be scolded by everyone, and few people believe him.
So, before we officially say that Sun Quan robbed a grave, we have to talk about what a grave robber is. Don't think that you picked up the Luoyang shovel, that's a thief. In fact, no real grave robbers operate and work in person, all of them are behind-the-scenes bosses and commanders.
The Sun Shi family shone brilliantly at the end of the Han Dynasty, and Dad Sun Jian wiped out the Yellow Scarf Army and crusaded against Dong Zhuo. However, when Liu Biao was playing in Jingzhou, he was shot and killed by Huang Zu, who got the box lunch in advance. His brother Sun Ce was ordered to make friends with heroes, and Sun Quan was assisted by Zhou Yu, Zhang Zhao, Zhang Hong and others, laying the foundation for Jiangdong. However, Sun Ce was short-lived, went hunting and was assassinated. Sun Quan took over, and some people had territory and proclaimed themselves emperor.
1. Build a temple for Lao Zi to rob the tomb.
It turns out that when the ancient emperor founded the country, there must be seven temples, that is, seven temples were built to worship the ancestors, namely, the "four relatives" temple (father, grandfather, great-grandfather), the "two-year-old" temple (great-grandfather's father, grandfather) and the ancestral temple, among which the Taizu temple was in the middle, with three Zhao and three mu on each side.
According to the Book of Six Rites in Song Dynasty (Volume 16), rising of sun did not completely follow this rule. He has just built a temple for his father Sun Jian. This temple was honored as the "ancestral temple" of Soochow, and its site was in Linxiang County, Changsha County at that time.
But there is one thing that puzzles future generations, that is, since it is a "ancestral temple", it should be built with the capital, which is convenient for sacrifice and more orthodox. However, Sun Quan did this for two reasons. The first is "blessed land". Sun Jian made great contributions to the suppression of peasant uprisings, including the Yellow Scarf Army, at the end of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and was honored as the magistrate of Changsha by the court.
When the saying family fought Qin and Dong Zhuo from Changsha, it was indeed a blessed place for saying family. The second is "Feng Shui Theory". Song Shu (Volume 17) quoted Guang Yi Ji as saying that when Sun Jian's father died, Sun Jian asked Mr. Feng Shui to be buried in Fuchunbi, his hometown in Zhejiang. Suddenly a stranger asked him, does your family want to be the immortal emperor or the fourth emperor? Sun Jian said he wanted to be emperor. So the man pointed to a place at random. Sun Jian was very surprised. He believed the man and buried his father in that place. Once the Fuchun River rose, a long and narrow sand belt was formed around Sun Jian's father's grave. An old man said that your children and grandchildren will make a fortune in Changsha in the future, and it did.
But after the temple in Sun Jian was repaired, Sun Quan did not offer sacrifices. He only sends Changsha officials to sacrifice for him every year. Sun Quan's behavior was widely criticized by historians in the future, thinking that Sun Quan didn't regard his father as an "ancestor" at all, because he didn't respect you, and the ancestral temple was just a show.
What makes historians' criticism more intense is the source of the wood for repairing the temple-it was originally stolen from the tomb.
Excavated from someone else's ancestral grave, I built a temple for Lao Tzu with the coffin board of the dead. Historians call it "unheard of", that is, I have never heard of it, and I am very surprised and puzzled.
At that time, there were many trees and abundant wood near Changsha, unlike the lack of forest resources now. Sun Quan's repairing the temple for Lao Zi in this way is really "fooling ghosts".
2. The first thief stole the first tomb of King Changsha.
Whose tomb did Sun Quan steal? This man's ancestors had an unusual relationship with Sun Jiazu. He is the first "Changsha King" Wu Rui in history.
Different versions of Wu's Genealogy have different opinions about his life experience. The mainstream view is that Wu Rui is a descendant of He Lv, the king of Wu. As a result, Sun Quan's ancestor Sun Quan made a fortune, and thanks to his ancestors, it was really outrageous to dig the benefactor's grave.
So how did the first Changsha king die?
According to History of Wu Ruichuan (Volume 34), in 20 1 year BC, Wu Rui was the king of Changsha for only one year, at the age of 40, and died shortly after his birthday. After his death, Liu Bang named him "King of Literature" and his son succeeded to the throne.
Li Daoyuan, a geographer in the Northern Wei Dynasty, visited the former site of Wu Rui's tomb. He wrote in "Notes on Water Classics and Notes on Xiang Water" (Volume 38), "Wu Rui's tomb is 68 feet wide, and it is inscribed on the site to bury Guo Zhijia." According to Li Daoyuan's memory, Wu Rui's tomb was very big, four feet and about one meter in the Han Dynasty, and the circumference of Wu Rui's tomb reached 170 meters. It seems that Sun Quan did not level the damage after digging.
Since there are many ancient tombs near Changsha, why did you choose Wu Rui? This is because there are many and good tomb materials in Wu Rui.
During the Qin and Han dynasties, there was a very advanced burial ceremony called "Huang Chang Ming", which was beneficial to protect the body. It was originally dedicated to the burial of the Zhou emperor in the Spring and Autumn Period, and was later chartered for princes and heroes. For example, after the death of Huo Guang, the general of the Western Han Dynasty, Emperor Xuan Di gave him a Zigong, a toilet and a yellow sausage.
The "yellow sausage puzzle" is made of fine wood, and the tomb is surrounded by a frame structure made of cypress.
Sun Quan's theft of Wu Rui's tomb caused a great uproar, which surprised Wu Ruiren who lived in Fuliang Yaoli.
When they learned that their ancestral graves had been stolen, they hurried to Changsha and saw that they were proud of it. Wu Rui, regarded as the Holy Father, had his tomb curtain stolen, his coffin pried open and his body burned. They are sad and angry, and it is not excluded that someone wants to talk to Sun Quan. However, Sun Quan was a great emperor of Wu, and his people had to put up with it. Clean it up and bury it.
3. Steal the tombs of three generations of kings in Nanyue State again.
Robbery by grave robbers is only a small part of the motive. Most of them were committed by thieves, most of the stolen objects were ordinary people, and there were not many gold, silver and jewels buried with them. In most cases, grave robbers still look after buried treasures.
This is the case with Sun Quan's grave robbery, not just "borrowing wood", but his greatest purpose is to covet treasure.
At that time, Cao Cao and Dong Zhuo, heroes at the end of the Han Dynasty, also robbed tombs part-time, which improved their pay and supplies. So did Sun Quan, who lived in the social environment at that time. He did not forget the "golden touch" and accumulated huge wealth for Wu and Sun's family.
According to historical records, after the land of Changsha was occupied by Soochow, Sun Quan did imitate Cao Cao's practice and let people steal the tombs of princes and nobles here to obtain rare treasures. It is recorded that he successfully excavated the tomb of Qi Ying, the third king of South Vietnam.
In 229 AD, 322 years after the demise of South Vietnam, Sun Quan took aim at the tomb of the king of South Vietnam.
The record of Sun Quan's stealing from the tomb of the king of South Vietnam is found in Wang Fan's Jiao Guang Chun Qiu, but it is not explained in the annals of the Three Kingdoms. This is not because Sun Quan's tomb robbery does not exist, but because the book compiled by Chen Shou is too simple and many precious historical materials are not included. So Song Wendi and Liu Yilong in the Southern Dynasties really couldn't understand it, so they ordered Pei Songzhi, assistant minister of Zhongshu, to make a supplementary note.
Although the tomb of Zhao Tuo, the king of South Vietnam, contained countless treasures, it was not discovered until 300 years later during the Three Kingdoms period because it attached great importance to anti-tomb robbery. According to Jiaoguang Chunqiu, Sun Quan arranged for Wu Yu to work in Jiaozhou, Guangzhou at that time, making unannounced visits to the people and collecting information about the tomb of Nanyue King. But after listening for many days, I didn't find any clues.
But Wu Yu got nothing. He found the tomb of Zhao, the third king of South Vietnam. After hearing the report, Sun Quan simply gave instructions. What are you waiting for? He immediately began to dig Zhao's grave.
Cao Wei Group has been eyeing the State of Wu, but Sun Quan ignored the safety of border defense and sent general Lv Yu to Guangzhou with thousands of soldiers. They fought with an open fire under the official banner and stole the tomb of the king of South Vietnam.
According to Guang Jiao Chun Qiu, Qi Ying wore gold locks and jade clothes, and his jewelry was pure gold. There are 36 gold seals and three bronze swords engraved with exquisite dragon patterns.
After stealing Zhao's tomb, Sun Quan didn't give up, and called Lv Yulai to dig the Guangzhou Mountain area. It's actually three feet. Today, many hills near Guangzhou are planned by Sun Quan's people. Fortunately, however, the tomb of Zhao Mei, the second generation king of South Vietnam, was stolen by mistake.