Crystal minerals are the Zhong Ling and beauty of nature. From crystal minerals to precious stones and jewels, nature and man-made condensed into the noblest quality in the most beautiful mind, and their beauty touched the world.
A born beauty
perfect
There is a story in the distant kingdom of ancient Persia. It is said that the world stands on a huge sapphire, the sunlight falling on the earth is reflected by the sapphire, and the sky is painted a quiet and charming blue. Today, thousands of years later, we are still reading this crystal-surrounded planet with the good feelings in classical mythology. Rock crystal minerals are everywhere and play an important role in our lives. Therefore, crystal minerals have become an indispensable friend of mankind in such a natural fate.
Crystal growth is a process in which atoms are arranged into a regular three-dimensional network structure layer by layer. In nature, any state such as gas, liquid or solid can be an incubator of crystal life. Every hour, millions of atoms are arranged on the surface of the crystal layer by layer, and they are connected by binding force according to their specific positions until there is no substance to supplement them. During this period, all these factors, from the chemical composition and internal structure of the mineral itself, to the metamorphism related to magmatism and geothermal pressure, and then to the supergene action of solar energy, water, atmosphere and biology, will affect the properties of crystal minerals such as color, stripes, transparency, luster, luminescence, hardness and specific gravity.
Well-formed crystals are very beautiful and rare. Some crystals have certain regular symmetry in appearance, and colorful colors become the most remarkable characteristics of crystal substances. The basic structure of some minerals is composed of atoms that can absorb light waves. They are called natural minerals, such as bright yellow sulfur and light blue azurite. Another mineral of other colors, such as timely, diamond, beryl and corundum, may appear red, green, yellow and blue due to impurities in the atomic structure or light absorption defects. The colors in some minerals look flickering, like colorful soap bubbles in childhood memories, which may be due to the interference of light on the physical structure of crystals or the development during the formation of thin films, such as moonstone and Labrador stone.
The excavation and search for crystal minerals can be traced back to prehistoric times, among which gem minerals have become the darling of nature with their gorgeous colors and dazzling luster. In the infinite artistic life of the universe, we have to believe that this unique sculpture is a calm presentation of the truth, goodness and beauty of nature, and also a deep sustenance of human beings' eternal understanding and yearning for beauty.
Therefore, from precious diamonds, rubies, sapphires, emeralds and cat's eyes to more popular aquamarine, tourmaline, topaz and olivine, we regard them as raw materials for artistic creation and accessories, and they become the focus of our daily aesthetic needs. Therefore, we gradually found the beauty of rhythm, harmony and mystery in the beauty of structure, symmetry and color of gem minerals. Just like walking in a cloister for hundreds of millions of years, hundreds of millions of years of meditation and breathing are in the aura of beauty.
Finally, its splendor, rarity and exquisiteness have all faded its flashy impression in the historical precipitation, and gradually merged into a noble and quiet atmosphere, flowing between crystals like a shallow singing or ups and downs. Great beauty lies in gathering the essence of heaven and earth and bearing the glory of the sun and the moon. Strong artistic appeal guides people to explore the deep natural power and cultural connotation, and seek self-awareness perception, transcendence and return in spontaneous pleasure.
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bright and colorful
smart
Some people say it's fragments of a meteor, others say it's tears from the gods. The gorgeous and dazzling gem world has been a mysterious space bearing thousands of symbols and speculations since ancient times. Today, people have a special liking for bright gems, which has prompted people to approach it again from the perspective of mineral raw stone, and explore its natural vitality and artistic value under the guidance of scientific theory and exquisite cutting technology.
According to the composition and structure of crystals, we divide minerals into five categories, including natural elements, sulfides and similar compounds, oxides and hydroxides, oxygen-containing salts and halides. Up to now, there are about 4,800 kinds of minerals found in nature, among which more than 230 kinds can be used as raw materials of gems, which are called gem minerals, mainly referring to substances with high technical performance and commercial value formed in nature.
Known as the "King of Gems", diamonds belong to the category of natural elements. Their crystals are isosymmetric, mostly octahedral, rhombic dodecahedron, cubic simplex and polygonal, and there are often etched images on their crystal faces. Colorless and transparent, it can be red, yellow, green, blue and purple if there are trace elements mixed in or the crystal structure is deformed. With diamond luster and good water retention, it is one of the crystal minerals with the highest hardness and very stable chemical properties.
Sulfide and its similar compound crystals, such as sphalerite and cinnabar, are mostly metallic and generally opaque, ranging from diamond luster to semi-metallic luster, often with dark stripes. Most of them have low hardness, high density and are not easy to dissolve.
Halide gems represented by fluorite are mostly equiaxed, usually cubic, with various colors, mainly glass luster, transparent to translucent. Hardness and density are relatively low, and they are easily soluble in water.
Oxides and hydroxides concentrate many familiar precious and common gems, such as ruby, sapphire, cat's eye, metamorphic rock, crystal, opal, agate and spinel. Most of these crystals are columnar and granular, with larger grains, including equiaxed crystals (spinel), triangular crystals (corundum), tetragonal crystals (cassiterite) and rhombohedral crystals (chrysoberyl). Different colors can be red (ruby, containing chrome spinel), blue (sapphire, containing titanium spinel), purple (amethyst), rose (Barasuishou), yellow (cassiterite), green (chalcedony), even colorless (cassiterite), or discolored (opal). More glass luster (timely), diamond luster (cassiterite) and silky luster of tiger eye stone. Under the dichroic mirror, some of them are bicolor (corundum) or even multicolor (metallic stone). Mohs hardness is usually very high, from corundum to emerald, to spinel, to cassiterite. Mohs hardness is 9.8 ~ 8.5, 8, 7 and 6 ~ 7 respectively. In addition, corundum and spinel also have good water retention properties.
According to the different complex anions of oxyacid combined with metal cations in the compound, oxyacid minerals can be divided into silicate, carbonate, sulfate, chromate, tungstate and molybdate, phosphate, arsenate and vanadate, borate and so on. Among them, carbonate and silicate are the main enrichment categories of gem minerals.
Carbonate gem minerals are represented by calcite, rhodochrosite and malachite, among which calcite is mostly columnar, rhombohedral and tabular. Colorless, white or colored, glassy. Generally, the hardness and density are not large.
Another kind of gem mineral is silicate, which covers beryl (emerald, aquamarine, Morganite), tourmaline (tourmaline), pumice stone, fishbone, prehnite, kyanite, Tianhe stone, spodumene, olivine, nephrite, garnet, topaz and other gem minerals. Represented by beryl and tourmaline, they are colorful and diverse, generally glassy, transparent to translucent and opaque. Mohs hardness ranges from 4.5 (apophyllite) to 8 (topaz and beryl).
The rest are phosphate gem minerals represented by turquoise and vanadate gem minerals represented by vanadium ore. The former is plate-shaped, columnar and granular, while the latter is mostly thin or needle-shaped. Most minerals are bright in color, transparent to opaque, with glass luster as the main factor. Medium or low hardness.
Walking through the colorful and ever-changing natural space and exploring the ends of the earth, who wouldn't be eager to let this rare beauty melt at the fingertips and stay in the heart? Therefore, exquisite cutting and polishing technology has gradually become an important support for the transformation of gem minerals from rough stone to jewelry in the long historical process, especially some worn or other surface defects of crystal substances.
An excellent gem cutting and polishing worker can always skillfully use the unique properties of the original stone to process it into beautiful and expensive jewelry. They usually study natural gems carefully with a magnifying glass to find out their texture direction and defects. Because gemstones also have dichroism, we should also find the direction that best reflects the color, then mark the places that can be cut on the gemstone, polish all facets, and finally polish the inlay.
The earliest popular style of gemstones is spherical beads, and many wear-resistant opaque materials are often cut into spherical or ellipsoidal shapes with simple curved surfaces, which are called convex polished gemstones. Its manufacturing method is an important cutting process of starlight sapphire and ruby. Zhu Bao and convex polished gemstones are the oldest processing forms of lapis lazuli, tourmaline, carnelian and agate. In addition, according to the different characteristics of various gemstones, there are many famous cutting techniques in the world, such as the top cutting method derived from octahedral diamond cutting, the segmented cutting method suitable for cutting brightly colored gemstones, and the rose-shaped cutting method since14th century. However, among them, the open drilling and cutting method, which has been popular all over the world since the17th century, is indeed enduring. It can best show the fire color, brightness and luster of diamonds at the most accurate angle and proportion.
Any kind of gem mineral, any kind of emotion, all the beautiful legends and explorations seem to have precipitated and solidified. In the long river of time, it condenses the lofty belief of human society in natural life. Therefore, any era, any kind of cutting method seems to be gestating our love for thousands of years.
Gorgeous colors and bright crystals-Crystal rolls for vegetable collection