Basic introduction of real name: Yidun Time: Eastern Zhou Dynasty-Late Spring and Autumn Period and Early Warring States Period (Lu → Wei) Nationality: Birthplace of Huaxia Nationality: Lu (now southern Shandong) Major achievements: Famous industrialists and businessmen in the early Warring States Period: (Linyi County, Yuncheng City, Shanxi Province) Buried place: Yidun Tomb (Linyi County, Shanxi Province) A great industrialist and businessman in the Warring States Period, who was originally a poor scholar in Lu during the Spring and Autumn Period. When his life was difficult, he heard the news that Fan Li abandoned his official position and became rich in business, so he "asked for advice". Fan Li told him: "If a son wants to get rich quickly, he should be a five-year-old (female) animal." All the way to Xihe (present-day southern Shaanxi), settled in Yijia Liao Wang, raised cattle and sheep, and later engaged in salt industry. Ten years later, he became a very rich man, just like Tao Zhugong. "Historical Records" quoted Kong as saying: "Yidun was originally from Shandong, and his family was poor. "Farming is always hungry and mulberries are always cold." He is hungry and cold and leads a hard life. Just when he was at his wits' end, he heard that Fan Li, the counselor of Gou Jian, the King of Yue, had abandoned his official position to do business and helped him take advantage of it. Later, he moved to Dingtao (now Dingtao District, Heze City, Shandong Province), which was "the best in the world" at that time, "operating production and living, keeping pace with the times", and obtained huge sums of money during 19. I am very envious and want to ask for advice. Tao Zhugong sympathized with him and gave him a secret recipe: "A son who wants to get rich quickly should be five stubborn animals." Cows are often called females. According to the actual situation that Yidun was poor, had no capital, and could not do other industries, Tao Zhugong asked him to raise a few cattle and sheep first, so that Zhejiang could gradually multiply and grow, and after a long time, he would become rich. This is indeed a feasible way to get rich for Yi Dun. So, according to Tao Zhugong's instructions, Yidun moved to Xihe (now southwest of Shanxi) and raised cattle and sheep in the south of Yijia (now Linyi, Shanxi). At that time, the soil in this area was moist and the grassland was vast, especially in Duizhe, 20 miles south of Yixian County. This is a large low-lying area with beautiful aquatic plants and pleasant scenery, which is an ideal place for animal husbandry. Yidun used to graze here (historical records recorded Yidun House and Yidun Tomb in Ming and Qing Dynasties). Due to Eton's efforts, the scale of animal husbandry is expanding day by day. "In the past ten years, its interest has been immeasurable and famous all over the world." Because it originated from Yi Jia, it was named Yi Dun. To express gratitude to Tao Zhugong, Eaton built the Tao Zhugong Temple in Liaowang Village, Linyi County. Yidun can get rich by animal husbandry, and the scale of his animal husbandry can be imagined. He played a great role in promoting the development of animal husbandry in southern Shanxi. At the same time, the process of making a fortune by cattle and sheep also accumulated some business experience for him. Because the salt industry is engaged in animal husbandry, Yidun noticed the salt in Hedong Pool, which is located in the south of Yijia. When he was selling cattle and sheep, he brought some pond salt to sell with the livestock. In this process, he realized that selling pond salt was a way to get rich with greater profits. Therefore, after he accumulated abundant capital by animal husbandry, he deliberately developed Hedong pond salt, engaged in pond salt production and trade, and became a craftsman and businessman. During the Warring States period, although the development of the interests of mountains and rivers was controlled by the government, the government did not directly manage it, but let the "people" run it by extracting three-tenths of the tax revenue, but this "people" was by no means an ordinary craftsman, but a rich and powerful citizen. Because this kind of development requires a lot of investment and a certain amount of labor, as "Salt and Iron Theory Banning Farming" says: "Non-noble people don't get the benefits". Yidun belongs to Hao Min, so he has the right to develop salt in Hedong pond. The direct producers should be the poor and employees attached to him. The first volume of Yongzheng Xiuhe Hedong Salt Law says: Hedong pool salt is "salt poured in the pool water, which can be eaten directly (at that time). No need to cure, bring your own particles. " That is to say, the pool water falls to the ground, which can be turned into granular salt after wind, rain and sun exposure without boiling. Therefore, it was called "the treasure of the country" in the six years of success in Zuo Zhuan. It is precisely because the salt in Hedong pond is a natural resource and an inexhaustible financial resource that Yidun has continuously expanded the production and sales scale of pond salt, making him a famous rich man in the Central Plains at that time. It is said that in order to manage the pond salt more effectively and speed up the trafficking, Yidun tried to change the backward donkey-cart transportation mode and wanted to transport it by boat, so he dug the first artificial canal in Shanxi. According to Volume 6 of Gan Long Linjin County Records, this canal starts from Hedong Yanchi, passes through Wuxing Lake, enters the Yellow River from Wuxing Lake, and reaches Mengming Bridge in Puban (now yongji city, Shanxi), which is about a hundred miles (this is basically the route of Yongfeng Canal after Wei Dynasty). Just because the Yellow River silt blocked the mouth of the canal, it can't be used. At present, there is no original data to prove the canal, so we have to doubt it. Here only from several aspects to analyze its possibility. Objectively speaking, digging this canal is not only the need of transporting pond salt, but also the need of protecting pond salt, because Hedong pond salt is most afraid of the invasion of guest water (external water) and destroying pond salt production. The canal can draw away the guest water and protect the salt pond. Since then, the excavation of Yongfeng Canal is also for this purpose. Topographically, this area is flat and there is no rock barrier, so the project is not difficult. Considering the level of productivity, the extensive use of iron at that time greatly enhanced people's ability to develop water conservancy. The Han ditch dug by the State of Wu in the Spring and Autumn Period, the 12 diversion canal dug by Qiu State of Wei in the early Warring States Period, and the cut gap all proved that this canal could be dug at that time. Financially speaking, Yidun was as rich as an enemy at that time and had the strength to build the canal. Of course, historical facts need sufficient information to explain, and this issue remains to be further explored in the future. Accumulated in the jewelry "Dead Bodies Rule the World" said: "The way of wisdom is nothing more than virtue. If you borrow a horse's bole, you can borrow a jade. " "Huainan Pan Zi Lun Xun" also said: "Jade workers dazzle jade like green (a beautiful jade) without losing their feelings." Yidun's appreciation of jewelry is so high that it can be compared with Bole Xiangma. From this, it can be speculated that a meal may also sell jewelry while operating pond salt, and has accumulated quite rich experience. Social influence Denton eventually became the richest man in a country through multi-party operation, which had great social influence at that time. "Han Feizi's Interpretation of the Old Chapter": "Those who act rashly because of their reasons will get the emperor to be rich in the world, Tao Zhu and Bu Zhu to be rich in the world, but they still lose their people and their wealth." Thus, Eaton's wealth has surpassed that of Tao Zhugong, and it can be compared with the king. The above facts show that Yidun played a very important role in the development of animal husbandry in southern Shanxi and salt industry in Hedongchi, and also played an important role in the history of Shanxi's commercial development. He is the earliest wealthy industrialist and businessman in Shanxi and an important figure in Shanxi's economic history. Its hard struggle experience is worth summarizing. Yidun Tomb Yidun Tomb is located in the west of Liao Wang Village, Niudu Township, Linyi County, Shanxi Province. The cemetery is small in scale, but simple and solemn. This is the graveyard of Yi Dun, an ancient tycoon. Since ancient times, there have been more than 1000 people richer than princes. But the mantle merchant's coat shield is commemorated by later generations, which is worth pondering. When did a lonely tomb gradually form the scale of today's cemetery? This point is not recorded in the history books, and there is no special handed down article, which is difficult to verify; There is only one stone tablet erected in the 17th year of Qing Daoguang (1837). The inscription entitled "Rebuilding the Tomb of Zhou Yimin" said that Yidun was "the richest man in the world" before his death, "there are mulberry springs in the west, salt ponds in the east and swallows in the south". "Or emergency public services are beneficial to the country; Or pity the poor and help the people. " Not far from here (about 40 kilometers), there is also a monument in the northeast, which was built during the Xianfeng period of the Qing Dynasty. This is a monument of virtue erected by the villagers for an old woman. The article has such words: "People who are dissatisfied with their daughters also have people who benefit a little and are obsessed with it. Why?" Think of it as sincere and insincere to others. If you are sincere, you won't forget to report it. ""If you don't read kindness, you can repay kindness with kindness, but every little makes a mickle, and you can gather less and leave more, and then you can prosper ",which may be enlightening.