Nian Gengyao, born in the 18th year of Kangxi (1679), was born in the yellow flag of the Han army. His father is an assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry and the governor of Hubei Province, and his brother Xirao Nian is also an assistant minister of the Ministry of Industry. His younger sister was Yin Zhen's side Fujin, and she was named the imperial concubine after Yongzheng acceded to the throne. Nian Gengyao's wife is the daughter of imperial clan assistant lord protector Su Yan. Therefore, Nianjia can be described as a family of royalty and officials.
Although Nian Gengyao later made great achievements in the battlefield and became famous for his martial arts, he studied at an early age and was quite talented. In the thirty-ninth year of Kangxi (1700), he was a scholar, and was soon appointed as imperial academy for review. The Hanlin Academy is known as "the place where the Jade Hall is unobstructed". Most of the officials in Jishi Shu and the Academy are outstanding scholars of the Han nationality, and it is noteworthy that Nian Gengyao can be among them. In the forty-eighth year of Kangxi (1709), Nian Gengyao joined the cabinet with a bachelor's degree, and soon became the governor of Sichuan and became a government official. According to A Qing Xiao's Yong Xian Zhi, Nian Gengyao is less than 30 years old at this time. Nian Gengyao expressed deep gratitude for Kangxi's extraordinary appreciation and exceptional promotion. In the memorial, he said that he was "grateful for three generations of fools" and must "try his best to repay the kindness". After Nian Gengyao took office, he became familiar with the general situation of Sichuan Province and put forward many measures to promote the advantages and eliminate the disadvantages.
And he himself took the lead in setting an example and refused to accept the festival ceremony, "willing to be indifferent and impartial." Kangxi highly appreciated his work in Sichuan and placed high hopes on him, hoping that he would "stick to it and be a good official".
Later, Nian Gengyao lived up to the high hopes of Emperor Kangxi. In the war of defeating Alabotan, the leader of Junggar who invaded Tibet, he once again showed his outstanding talent in ensuring the logistics supply of the Qing army. In the fifty-seventh year of Kangxi (17 18), Nian Gengyao was the governor of Sichuan, in charge of governor affairs and leading the military, political and civil affairs. In the 60th year of Kangxi (172 1), Nian Gengyao made a pilgrimage to Beijing, and Kangxi gave him a bow and arrow. He was promoted to the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi and became an important official in the western regions.
In the 60th year of Kangxi (172 1), Nian Gengyao made a pilgrimage to Beijing, and Kangxi gave him a bow and arrow. He was promoted to the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi and became an important official in the western regions.
In September of the 60th year of Kangxi, there was a local rebellion in Golog Prefecture, Qinghai Province. While attacking directly, Nian Gengyao used the contradiction between local tribal chiefs, supplemented by the strategy of "attacking fans with fans", and quickly put down the rebellion. In November of the sixty-first year of Kangxi, General Fuyuan and Bei Ziyin wrote a letter asking questions.
After Nian Gengyao was recalled to Beijing, he was in charge of military affairs together with Yan Xin, who was in charge of Fuyuan General Printing Factory.
After Yongzheng acceded to the throne, Nian Gengyao was highly regarded, and Longkeduo called him Yongzheng's right-hand man. Nian Gengyao is Yin Zhen's brother-in-law. Before Yin Zhen ascended the throne, Nian Gengyao worked for him for many years. Needless to say, their intimacy. In May of the first year of Yongzheng (1723), Yongzheng issued an imperial edict: "If there is a place to transfer soldiers to use food, the frontier defense minister, the governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and the governor of Yunnan, etc. All will be handled in Nian Gengyao. " In this way, Nian Gengyao was in charge of all the affairs in Xixiang, and actually became a confidant of Yongzheng at the front line of Xixiang, and his power position was actually above the governors such as General Yan Xin of Fuyuan. Yongzheng also warned local officials in Yunnan, Guizhou and Sichuan to obey Nian Gengyao's orders. In the same year 10, Tenzin Rebellion occurred in Qinghai. The situation in Qinghai suddenly became chaotic, and Xiqiao war resumed. Yongzheng ordered Nian Gengyao to take over as General Fuyuan, and commanded the counter-insurgency in Xining.
At the beginning of the second year of Yongzheng, the last stage of the war came, and Nian Gengyao ordered the generals to "go their separate ways and pound their nests". Military forces from all walks braved the storm and hardships day and night, and quickly swept away the remnants of the enemy. In the face of this sudden onslaught, the rebels were driven out of their wits, helpless and suddenly torn apart. Rob Zangdanjin only led more than 200 people to flee in a hurry, and the Qing army chased Wulanbuke, captured Rob Zangdanjin's mother and another rebel leader, Trilak Nuomuqi, and captured all his people and animals. Rob Zangdan Jin himself escaped by disguised as a man and went to Alabo Temple. The battle lasted only 15 days (February 8-22), and the army swept thousands of miles, sweeping the enemy camp, plowing the fields and sweeping the caves in lightning speed, and won a great victory. Nian Gengyao's reputation as "General 2000" has since deterred Xiqiao, enjoying a high reputation in the ruling and opposition circles.
A brief introduction to Nian Gengyao's life.
Yongzheng was overjoyed at the success of the war to pacify Qinghai, so he gave Nian Gengyao a special reward: before that, Nian Gengyao had won the third-class merit and the second-class merit for his military achievements in pacifying Tibet and pacifying the Guoluoke rebellion. This time, he was promoted to a first-class public by careful planning and surprise. In addition, a viscount was awarded, which was inherited by his son Nian Bin. His father was made a first-class public when he was young, plus the title of a teacher. At this time, Wei Town, Nian Gengyao, northwest, can participate in Yunnan government affairs and become the main confidant minister of Yongzheng in other provinces.
For the monarch and ministers, this is a once-in-a-lifetime experience.
Nian Gengyao not only monopolized all affairs concerning the Western Regions, but was also ordered to directly participate in state affairs. He has the right to report to Yongzheng, such as the advantages and disadvantages of internal and external officials, the advantages and disadvantages of national government and people's livelihood, and so on. He also often participates in consultations and decision-making on major issues between the DPRK and China. For example, in the last years of Kangxi, there was a suggestion that officials go to the public, and Nian Gengyao also put forward it, but they were all reprimanded by Kangxi and failed. After Yongzheng came to power, Nuo Min, the governor of Shaanxi Province, and others called for implementation, and there were many discussions in the government and the public. In this case, Yongzheng specifically asked Nian Gengyao's opinion: "I don't know all about this matter, so it is difficult to decide right from wrong, so I will discuss it with you. What do you think? " The Testimony Hall revised the Testimony, and sent it to Nian Gengyao after reading it, asking him to make amendments.
In the winter of the second year of Yongzheng (1724), before Nian Gengyao entered Beijing, Yongzheng ordered the local officials of various provinces to gather in Beijing because of the arrival of Nian Gengyao. The governor of Sichuan put forward different opinions on matters that could not be discussed, and Yongzheng asked for the opinions of Nian. Judging the actions of governors in other places by the conduct of titles, it can be seen that Yongzheng put Nian Gengyao's position above other governors, so that his political views played a decisive role.
Yongzheng frequently exchanged views with Nian Gengyao on the appointment and removal of important officials and personnel arrangements, and gave him great power. In the area under Nian Gengyao's jurisdiction, all civil and military officials, big or small, were appointed according to the recommendation of 1998. In April of the first year, Yongzheng ordered Fan Shijie to act as the agent of Shaanxi governor, and soon he wanted to change the original governor to assistant minister of the Ministry of War. Yongzheng specially discussed this appointment with nian. On another occasion, Yongzheng was "indecisive" when arranging Wu Zhi officials, so he asked Nian Gengyao if Shaanxi officials would be transferred to other provinces and promoted to "you are willing to give up" and asked him to "play according to the facts, I will follow suit". Yongzheng also often solicited opinions from officials outside Sichuan and Shaanxi. Once there was a vacancy in Kaigui Road, Henan Province, and Yongzheng "couldn't remember anyone" for a while, so he consulted with Nian Gengyao about the candidate. On another occasion, Yongzheng heard that General He Tianpei of Jingkou had different opinions on his character, so he asked Nian Gengyao if he had heard of it, hoping that he would play truthfully to decide whether to stay or not. Nian Gengyao's secret service zhili governor was incompetent and could not take the responsibility of the governor, so Yongzheng dismissed Zhao. The company commanders in Gannan are vacant, and the court intends to use Song. Nian Gengyao claimed that he was incompetent and asked Huang Qixian to make up for it. Yongzheng followed Nian Gengyao's advice.
After the pacification of Qinghai, Yongzheng wrote in Zhu Pi presented to Nian Gengyao: "I appreciate your true feelings and miss you very much. I want to discuss some questions with you." During Nian Gengyao's visit to Beijing, he handled military affairs together with Prime Ministers Ma Qi and Roncodo. Yongzheng also asked him to "convey the will and write the imperial edict" because he "can convey my words". Nian Gengyao has become the Minister of Prime Minister Affairs.
Yongzheng had a good personal relationship with Nian Gengyao and gave him special honor. Yongzheng considered himself lucky to have a government official like Nian Gengyao. If there were more than a dozen people like him, the country would not worry about bad governance. After pacifying the rebellion in Qinghai, Yongzheng was extremely excited and regarded Nian as a "benefactor". He also knew it was disgraceful to say this, but he couldn't help saying it.
In order to pass on Nian Gengyao's evaluation for a long time, Yongzheng also asked generations to remember Nian Gengyao's great achievements, otherwise he would not be his descendants and subjects: not only will I reward him with my heart as soon as possible, but my descendants and all the subjects in the world will be * * *. If you are a little ungrateful, you are not my descendant; A little disloyalty is not our subject. This is simply an attitude towards Nian Gengyao to judge people's correctness.
At this point, Yongzheng's loyalty to Nian Gengyao is hard to see, and Nian Gengyao's kindness is unparalleled in ancient times. In October of the second year of Yongzheng, Nian Gengyao went to Beijing for an audience and was given something extraordinary, such as peacock feathers with two eyes, a four-dragon suit, a yellow belt, a purple bridle and gold coins. Nian Gengyao himself, his father and son Nianbin were knighted. 1 1 month, was awarded the first-class public office for quelling the rebellion in Zhuozi Mountain, and was succeeded by Nian Gengyao's second son Nianfu.
At this point, Yongzheng's loyalty to Nian Gengyao is hard to see, and Nian Gengyao's kindness is unparalleled in ancient times.
In life, Yongzheng took good care of Nian Gengyao and his family. Nian Gengyao's wrist and arm are sick, and so is his wife. Yongzheng repeatedly asked and prescribed medicine for him. Yongzheng often told his father his age in Beijing, Nian Gengyao's sister Nian Guifei and his son Fu Hui's physical condition hand in hand. As for delicacies, they sometimes pay off. Litchi is given to Nian Gengyao once. In order to ensure the delicious taste, Yongzheng ordered the post office to send it from the capital to Xi 'an within 6 days. Such a reward can be compared with what Tang gave to Yang Guifei.
Yongzheng prized Nian Gengyao and hoped that they would set an example for each other from generation to generation. He said to nian: I am not an excellent emperor, and I can't repay your kindness to me; I'm not a superior minister, and I can't meet him ... I want to be a model through the ages.
At this time, Nian Gengyao was ambitious, completely in a state of flattered narcissism, and then made many things beyond the scope of his duties, which eventually aroused the vigilance and jealousy of Yongzheng, leading to the destruction of his family.
Prosperity and decline, destruction and destruction.
Nian Gengyao's fall from grace and subsequent fall from the horse was triggered by his second visit to Beijing in October of the second year of Yongzheng.
On the way to Beijing, he asked Commander-in-Chief Fan Shijie and Zhili Governor Li to kneel down to see him off. When I arrived in Beijing, I was greeted by officials below princes in the suburbs. Nian Gengyao passed by safely on horseback without looking. The princes dismounted to meet him, and he just nodded. What's more, in front of Yongzheng, the attitude is very arrogant. "No one is polite." Yongzheng was awarded military service shortly after he entered Beijing in 1920. It is widely rumored that Beijing has accepted Nian Gengyao's request. He also said that A Ling (a member of Huangbazi Group) and others also listened to the words of Nian. These words greatly hurt Yongzheng's self-esteem.
After Nian Gengyao returned to his hometown, he received a letter from Yongzheng, in which there was a passage about the hero's honor: "mortal ministers are easy to achieve, but difficult to achieve;" It is easy to succeed, but it is difficult to keep working; It is easy to maintain your own advantages, but in the end it is difficult to achieve ... It is often the case that you rely on one person's merits and back one person's grace. " In this song "Zhu Yu", Yongzheng changed the tone of praise in the past and warned Nian to be cautious and self-sustaining. Since then, Nian Gengyao's situation has plummeted.
Analysis of the reasons why Nian Gengyao fell out of favor and was convicted can be summarized as follows:
First, arrogance. Nian Gengyao's arrogance is getting worse and worse. He was arrogant and majestic in official contacts: he presented objects to subordinate officials, "making the North kowtow and thank you"; The official documents sent to governors and generals are parallel official documents, but they are called "orders" and treat the same officials as subordinates; Even Abao, the king of Zasak County in Mongolia, will bow down when he sees him.
The imperial guards sent by the imperial court should have been given preferential treatment, but they were locked up as slaves around 2000 to "lead the way back and forth with whips and throw stirrups." According to the system of the Qing Dynasty, when the imperial edict reached the place, the local officials should receive the imperial edict, kneel down and knock on the gift, and beg for holy peace. But the imperial edict of Yongzheng went to Xining twice, but Nian Gengyao "didn't understand the imperial edict".
What's more, he once presented Yongzheng with the engraved "Liu Memorial" at his own expense. Yongzheng intends to write his own preface, but he hasn't written it yet. Nian Gengyao drafted an article by himself, asking for Yong Zhengdi's consent. In front of Yongzheng, Nian Gengyao also lost his temper and said, "There is no formal ceremony." Yongzheng is very unhappy.
Second, form parties for personal gain. At that time, when selecting civil and military officials, priority was given to officials and soldiers recommended by Nian Gengyao, the so-called "annual election". He also rejected dissidents and appointed private individuals to form a clique headed by him, with officials from Shaanxi, Gansu and Sichuan as the backbone, including officials from other regions. Tang Shi in Jixian County, written in the novel Legend of Heroes of Children, refers to Nian Gengyao, saying that he is a general of seven provinces. "He has hundreds of soldiers and thousands of troops. He is like a cloud and his counselors are like rain." These are artistic exaggerations, which are quite different from the actual situation, but they also show that Nian Gengyao has great influence.
Seeing Nian Gengyao's momentum rising and his power expanding, many people who hung out in officialdom rushed to the door. And Nian Gengyao is also a person who pays attention to cultivating folk forces. Whenever there is a profitable job, he must put his personal cronies. "Dissidents will be rejected and followers will be recommended." For example, he impeached the governor of Zhili, saying that he was a "poor boy" and "had never been a governor" and recommended his personal Li. Zhao Zhiyuan lost his official position, so he turned to Nian Gengyao and gave him jewelry worth 202,000 yuan. Nian Gengyao took advantage of the opportunity of entering Beijing in the second year of Yongzheng to bring Zhao to Beijing, "pleading to introduce Si Geng" to ensure its availability. Ge, the Jiangsu provincial judge who was demoted by the annual review, also sent all kinds of precious antiques twice, so Nian Gengyao promised to "take care of" him later. In addition, Nian Gengyao also took the opportunity of joining the army to make his unmarried domestic slaves, Sang Dingcheng and Wei Zhiyao, become the official positions of Zhili Taoist priest and acting lieutenant respectively.
4 introduction to Nian Gengyao's life
Third, greedy for money. Nian Gengyao took bribes and embezzled money and grain, amounting to millions of yuan. In the early years of Yongzheng, it was an important reform measure to rectify bureaucracy and punish corruption and perverting the law. Yongzheng won't let this go easily.
Yongzheng punished Nian Gengyao step by step. The first step was before and after Nian Gengyao left Beijing in November of the second year of Yongzheng. At this time, Yongzheng had made a decision to attack Nian Gengyao. The Zhu Yu that Nian Gengyao received after he left Beijing was a hint to him.
The second step is to say hello to relevant officials. One is Yongzheng's cronies, asking them to draw a clear line with Nian Gengyao and expose the misdeeds of Nian in order to save themselves; First, people Nian Gengyao doesn't like, let them know that the emperor wants to punish Nian Gengyao and make them stand firm; First, people with ordinary relations with Nian Gengyao should be vigilant, alienate and get rid of Nian Gengyao, and don't stand on the wrong side. This is for Nian Gengyao's public treatment.
The third step is to point the finger directly at Nian Gengyao and pull him out of Xi 'an's lair.
In the first month of three years, Yongzheng's dissatisfaction with Nian Gengyao began to become public. In 2000, Shaanxi Governor Hu Jiheng was ordered to participate in the performance of Jin Nanying in Shaanxi Post Road. Yongzheng said that this was the practice of appointing private individuals and disorderly forming cronies in 2000, and it was not allowed to play.
Nian Gengyao once participated in the killing of Jiang Xingren, the governor of Sichuan who threatened the magistrate, and Cai was dismissed from office. After the trial, he was given a suspended sentence. Nian Gengyao's private Wang Jinghao was appointed Governor of Sichuan. By this time, Yongzheng had made up his mind to attack Nian Gengyao. After Cai Wei was escorted back to Beijing, Yongzheng did not agree to imprison him with the punishments, but specially summoned him.
Yongzheng has made up his mind to attack Nian Gengyao. After Cai Wei was escorted back to Beijing, Yongzheng did not agree to the imprisonment of punishments, but specially summoned him.
Cai Wei stated that he was framed for his struggle with Nian Gengyao when he was in office, and also played various situations of "greed and violence" in Nian Gengyao. Yongzheng then issued an imperial edict, which read: "Nian Gengyao plays Cai Wei. If he is brought to justice, people will think that I listened to Nian Gengyao before killing him. In this way, Nian Gengyao was in charge of the Fu Wei of the imperial court. " Therefore, Yongzheng not only failed to convict Cai Wei, but promoted him to Zuodu suggestion and became an effective tool to deal with Nian Gengyao.
In March of the third year of Yongzheng, the so-called "auspiciousness" appeared, in which "the sun and the moon are combined and the five stars are connected". Ministers congratulated him in succession, and Nian Gengyao also congratulated Yongzheng on his hard work day and night. However, the handwriting in the table was scrawled, and for an instant, I mistakenly wrote "morning and evening" as "evening morning". Yongzheng seized on this and said that Nian Gengyao was not a careless person. This time, he deliberately ignored the words "admonition in the morning and evening" in my ear. And think that this is his "self-reliance, showing disrespect", so his meritorious military service in Qinghai "is also between my permission and disapproval." Then Yongzheng replaced officials in Sichuan and Shaanxi. First of all, Hu Jiheng, Nian Gengyao's confidant and governor of Gansu Province, was dismissed and transferred back to Beijing as the acting magistrate of Sichuan, making it impossible for him to take office for the crisis. In April, Nian Gengyao was dismissed from the post of Governor of Sichuan and Shaanxi, and was ordered to hand over the seal of General Fuyuan and transfer to General Hangzhou.
The last step is to order Nian Gengyao to commit suicide. After Nian Gengyao was transferred, officials at home and abroad knew more about the situation and exposed his crimes. In the name of treating courtiers condescendingly, Yongzheng deprived Nian Gengyao of his official position, and in September of that year, he ordered Nian Gengyao to be arrested and sent to Beijing for joint trial. 1February, the court minister presented the trial results to Yongzheng, listed 92 major crimes for Nian Gengyao, and requested the establishment of standardized punishment. The charges are as follows: 5 crimes of disobedience, 9 crimes of bullying, 16 crimes of trespassing, 13 crimes of arrogance, 6 crimes of monopoly, 6 crimes of avoiding engraving, 4 crimes of maltreatment, 18 crimes of greed and 15 crimes of erosion.
Yongzheng said that more than 30 of these 92 paragraphs are to be executed and beheaded, but considering Nian Gengyao's achievements and fame, the reputation of "General Nian" is well known throughout the country. If he is punished, I'm afraid people all over the world will not accept it. He will inevitably bear the notoriety of being ruthless and killing heroes, so he expressed pity and gave him a prison sentence to commit suicide. All the officials in Nian Gengyao's fathers and brothers were dismissed, and the first-in-law descendants sent troops into exile, and their property was copied into the officials. The all-powerful young general was finally discredited.
In the TV series "Yongzheng Dynasty", after Nian Gengyao lost power and influence, it was estimated that Yongzheng would not let himself go, and he might end up dead, so he gave his next of kin a huge silver ticket and let him fly away with two pregnant Mongolian concubines to hide the folk, so as to continue the family incense. This plot is not in line with historical facts, because at this time, Nian Gengyao not only had no children, but also had more than one son. There is also a story in the play that Nian Gengyao committed suicide in Chengmendong, Hangzhou, under the surveillance of another favorite of Yongzheng, which is also inaccurate. In fact, he died in Beijing.
Why Yongzheng killed Nian Gengyao has always been controversial in the history circle. Some people say it is because they want to rebel, while others say that Nian Gengyao participated in the battle for the throne between Yongzheng and his brothers, and Yongzheng did it while covering his mouth. We might as well analyze these statements.
5 introduction to Nian Gengyao's life
It is difficult to make a decision if you commit treason.
There is a view that Nian Gengyao died because he became emperor himself. During the Qianlong period, scholars mentioned in Yong Xian Lu that Zou Lu, a Nian Gengyao, landscape and herdsman, had discussed this matter. Some scholars hold this view that "Tang Yao was born to die because he wanted to be emperor.". The book Anecdotes in Qing Dynasty records that after Nian Gengyao fell out of favor and was deprived of military power, "at that time, his screen guest advised him to rebel, and the years were long and silent, and he watched the sky at night, and Hao Ran sighed: No harmony." The beginning of the reform is the Ministerial Day. It shows that the title is really intended to be the emperor, and it is only because of the "incompatibility" that the "Minister's Festival" was abandoned. In fact, this statement is not fully based.
In the feudal era, the most important thing is to pay attention to birthright, and the righteousness of the monarch and the minister cannot be violated. To be a courtier, you must abide by the way of courtiers and not do anything beyond your duty. What Nian Gengyao did really caused great dissatisfaction and some doubts of Yongzheng. Nian Gengyao was originally in a high position, but he was arrogant, broke the law and disobeyed the minister's way. It will inevitably arouse the eyebrows of ministers and the dissatisfaction and suspicion of the emperor. Yongzheng is a man with strong self-esteem and likes to show himself. Nian Gengyao's claim to credit and power will make the emperor fall into a dominated reputation, which Yongzheng can't tolerate and Yongzheng hates most. Yongzheng was not afraid of Nian Gengyao. He rectified Nian Gengyao step by step. By 2000, he could only submit, and he had no ability to resist or even defend. Only he imagined that Yongzheng could give extra-legal favors for old times' sake. Therefore, he can't resist. Yongzheng once said, "If we don't guard against Nian Gengyao, we have to do something for it. It is really unnecessary. " As for Nian Gengyao's conspiracy, it is obviously the accusation against Luo Zhi in 2000, which can neither explain that he will rebel in 2000 nor explain that Yongzheng really believes that he will rebel.
Judging from Nian Gengyao, he has always been loyal to Yongzheng, and even at the last minute, he has always had great illusions about Yongzheng.
On the way to being demoted as a general in Hangzhou by the governor of Gechuan and Shaanxi, Nian Gengyao imagined that Yongzheng would change his decision, so he stayed in Yizheng, Jiangsu Province and sat tight. As a result, Yongzheng was very angry When Nian Gengyao was transferred to Hangzhou as a general, he said, "You don't know how to regret this. For god's sake, if I fail you, the devil take the hindmost; If you let me down, I don't know how God will punish you! ..... You this scene, from the days of your minister, no matter my way, always sarcastic articles, duplicity tone, plus I heard gossip, blame the hero's name. I have to take care of me, but I can't take care of your Minister's Day. Only the world is the next generation, I will take a word first. " Zhu Pi of Yongzheng actually sent a very clear signal: he has made up his mind to get rid of Nian Gengyao in the end.
Until Nian Gengyao received the imperial edict to kill himself, he refused to start work, still dreaming that Yongzheng would pardon him on the date of birth. However, Yongzheng has made up his mind to avoid his torture at the end of the year and commit suicide on the full name festival, which is already very compassionate. So he should be "dead with tears", so Nian Gengyao has no chance to live. How can a minister who wants to rebel have such unrealistic fantasies about the emperor? Yongzheng said in the last imperial edict to Nian Gengyao: "If you commit suicide and feel a little wronged, then the so-called eternal hell in Buddhism, even if you are robbed, can't erase your sins." At the time of farewell, Yongzheng also preached with Buddhists, making Nian completely convinced and not blaming the emperor for his death.
Until Nian Gengyao received the imperial edict to kill himself, he refused to start work, still dreaming that Yongzheng would pardon him on the date of birth.
There's a reason for killing people.
There is also a view that Nian Gengyao participated in the activities of usurping the throne in Yongzheng, and Yong Zhengdi was suspected or even killed after he acceded to the throne. Not only unofficial history, but also some scholars hold this view. It is said that Emperor Kangxi has appointed fourteen sons of Yin to succeed him and seized the throne by imperial decree, and Nian Gengyao also participated in it. On orders from Yong Zhengdi, he called an army in Sichuan to prevent the emperor's fourteen sons from agreeing to the title, so that he could not fight for the post. At the beginning of his reign, Yong Zhengdi was kind to Nian Gengyao. In fact, he played hard to get. When the time was right, he was accused of Luo Zhi, killed the donkey and executed the insider Nian Gengyao. Some people disagree with this, mainly because when Yong Zhengdi ascended the throne, Nian Gengyao was far away in the northwest, did not participate in the imperial edict, and may not know the inside story. But objectively speaking, at that time, Nian Gengyao did have the function of blocking the eastward advance of India.
There are many explanations on the reasons why Yong Zhengdi tampered with the testamentary edict and seized the throne, and there are different opinions. Yongzheng acceded to the throne, there are indeed many doubts. After he acceded to the throne, he successively disposed of Nian Gengyao and Rondo, the original most capable assistants, which made people suspect that this was a guilty conscience and a criminal. Of course, this can only be regarded as a reasonable presumption, which is not supported by conclusive data. So this suspicion is said to be: "Everything happens for a reason, but there is no evidence."
Regardless of the real motivation of Yongzheng's determination to get rid of Nian Gengyao. From Nian Gengyao's own point of view, his death really deserved it. He is self-reliant, arrogant, arrogant, ignorant of humility and self-protection, does not obey the official's way, and does things beyond the official's duties, which is unacceptable to public opinion; Moreover, for his own selfish interests, he planted and took bribes, which was "unscrupulous", which was not allowed by the national law and was also hated by Yongzheng. This is a hero's taboo, and it will certainly not have a good end. Therefore, according to the draft of Qing history, the dragon and the year relied on their own power and had no scruples. As a blessing, they were told by the ancient saints.