Wenchuan County is located in the northwest edge of Sichuan Basin, southeast of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, with Pengzhou and Dujiangyan in the east, chongzhou city and Dayi counties in the south, Baoxing and Xiaojin counties in the west, Lixian and Maoxian counties in the northwest and northeast respectively. The county is 84 kilometers wide from east to west and 105 kilometers long from north to south, with a total area of 4,084 square kilometers and a forest coverage rate of 48%. Weizhou Town, the county seat, is located at the intersection of Minjiang River and Zagunao River in the north of the county seat, with an altitude of 1.325m, surrounded by many mountains such as Chaping Mountain and Qionglai Mountain, 46km away from Chengdu, the provincial capital, and 246km away from Marcand, the state capital. National highways 265, 438+03, 365 and 438+07 pass through the city.
1963 Since the resumption of the county, the county has governed 6 towns and 8 townships, with a total population of11788, including 40057 non-agricultural people. The population of the Qiang nationality is 29,839, accounting for 26.69% of the total population, and it is one of the four counties where the Qiang nationality lives in concentrated communities in China. The Minjiang River runs through the west of the county seat, with a total length of 88 kilometers, mainly including Zagunao, Yuzixi, Caopo and other rivers, with a drainage area of 1.429 square kilometers. The county is rich in hydropower resources, with theoretical reserves of 3.48 million kilowatts and exploitable capacity of 1.7 million kilowatts. Now it has been developed 1 10,000 kilowatts, with great development potential.
Rich in mineral resources, rich in animal and plant resources and unique in tourism resources, there are natural landscapes such as Wolong Nature Reserve and Sanjiang Eco-tourism Scenic Area, as well as cultural landscape resources such as Yu, Qiang culture and Three Kingdoms cultural sites. Wenchuan County is not only "the hometown of China folk arts-the hometown of Qiang embroidery", but also the hometown of living animal fossils-the giant panda. Wolong, the world's leading giant panda research center, is located in the southwest of the county. Wenchuan is the southern gate of Aba Prefecture and the "industrial economic corridor" of Aba Prefecture.
By the end of 2002, the gross domestic product reached1258.52 million yuan, the total agricultural output reached165.43 million yuan, the total grain output reached 16426 tons, and the per capita net income of farmers reached 1678 yuan. The adjustment of agricultural industrial structure was further intensified. Established 1500 mu eco-agricultural science and technology demonstration park base and two 500 mu pollution-free pesticide IPM demonstration parks. Registered and activated two trademarks of "Xiqiang Brand" and "Minjiang Brand" and five green signs of vegetables and fruits, and was listed as a production and construction base of pollution-free vegetables and dried fruits by the National Green Food Center. The construction of the three major forestry projects is progressing smoothly, with 9403.9 hectares closed for afforestation, 8 13.4 hectares for aerial afforestation and 37238+0 hectares for artificial afforestation. Completed 32,800 mu of ecological forest and 0.42 million mu of economic forest; Sand control area146,055,400 hectares. The industrial economy has developed rapidly and remarkable results have been achieved in attracting investment. Xuankou and Yingxiu have formed an industrial economic corridor and a water mill industrial economic park, and Guan Tao Industrial Economic Park is under construction. There are 6 investment-attracting enterprises with large scale, good benefits and assets of tens of millions of yuan, including Pandar Industrial Silicon Factory and Yuefa Smelting Co., Ltd.; The power industry is a sudden emergence. At present, more than 40 power stations at all levels have been built and put into operation, with an installed capacity of more than 1 10,000 kilowatts. 1 At the beginning of 986,1was named as one of the first five "primary rural electrification counties" in China. Tourism resources have been further developed, and scenic spots such as Sanjiang Eco-tourism Zone, the first village of Xiqiang, the ancient cultural site of Jiangjun City and Luobuzhai Folk Village have been developed. Remarkable achievements have been made in traffic construction. A transportation network extending in all directions with 2 13 and 3 17 national highways as the main line, county, township and village highways as the branch lines, asphalt roads leading to townships and tractor roads leading to villages has been built. Posts and telecommunications have developed vigorously, and the coverage rate of mobile and Unicom communication networks has reached more than 85%. PHS communication has been opened in county towns and major market towns, realizing program-controlled communication exchange and digital transmission. Urban construction changes with each passing day. The urban area of Weizhou County has reached 3.53 square kilometers, and a modern city has begun to take shape. It has gradually formed a transportation distribution center and an educational and scientific research base in Aba Prefecture. "Surrounded by mountains, three mountains compete for beauty, two rivers compete for water, and one city crosses the river to build a new building" is an accurate description of Weizhou today.
Cultural and educational undertakings have developed rapidly. There are 6 universities in the county, including aba normal university, Aba Finance and Trade School and Aba Radio and TV University, 4 national technical schools in hydropower, agricultural machinery, transportation and animal husbandry, 3 scientific research institutes in agriculture, animal husbandry and forestry, and 9 junior and senior high schools. Weizhou Middle School, which is listed as a provincial key middle school, constantly innovates teaching methods and improves the quality of education rapidly. Walking at the forefront of Quanzhou education, it has trained a large number of outstanding talents for universities inside and outside the province.
physical geography
Wenchuan County, located in Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan Province, is one of the four Qiang-inhabited counties in China. The map coordinates are between 30 45'-3143' north latitude and102 51'-103 44' east longitude, with a width of 84 kilometers from east to west and a length of 105 kilometers from north to south. The county covers an area of 4085 square kilometers; The population is 1 10, 1 18 (2000). The main ethnic groups are Han, Qiang, Tibetan and Hui. It is adjacent to county-level administrative regions, Pengzhou and Dujiangyan in the east, Chongzhou and Dayi in the south, Baoxing and Xiaojin in the west, and Lixian and Maoxian in the northwest and northeast respectively. There is Wolong Nature Reserve in the territory, which is the main research and breeding place of giant pandas, and Siguniang Mountain is the main tourist attraction. County governs Weizhou Town.
Wenchuan is located in the northwest edge of Sichuan Basin, and Longmen Mountain and Qionglai Mountain are located in the northeast and southwest of the county respectively. Minjiang River and its tributaries Zagunao River, Caopo River and Shoujiang River are the main rivers in China.
Wenchuan is named after Xiwenshui (now Minjiang) County, Mianxian County in the Western Han Dynasty and Wenshan County in the Western Jin Dynasty, and is under the jurisdiction of Wenshan County. It was named Wenchuan County in the Northern Zhou Dynasty with a history of 1400 years. 1952, counties moved from Mianji to Weizhou; 1958 Maoxian County, Wenchuan County and Lixian County merged to form Mao Wen Qiang Autonomous County; Wenchuan county began to recover from 1962.
On February 5th, 2007/KLOC-0, Wenchuan County was awarded the honorary title of 2007 National Advanced County in Cultural Relics Work by People's Republic of China (PRC), Ministry of Culture and National Cultural Heritage Administration.
plant resources
There are many mountains in Wenchuan county, and the relative height difference is very wide. Light and precipitation conditions vary with altitude, which also affects the distribution of forest and vegetation community types and the formation of plant zones. The plant resources here are very rich, with a wide variety, complete families and genera, with 1 * * * 4000 species. There is a unique wild Davidia involucrata forest in China, and there are more than 20 kinds of rare trees under special state protection, such as Pistacia grosvenorii, Cercidiphyllum japonicum and Bole. There are also many famous ancient trees and "national fragrance" orchids, which make people gain rich artistic conception and diverse aesthetic feelings in many aspects such as exotic beauty, elegant beauty and simple beauty. As far as forest vegetation is concerned, special forests and shrubs account for 82.85% of the forest vegetation area, while sparse woodland, uncultivated woodland and regeneration land only account for 17. 15%, which shows the richness of forest resources. There are abundant tourism, natural and human landscape resources, and the "Sanjiang Eco-tourism Zone" has begun to take shape. In today's "rejuvenating the country through science and education", Wuchuan County has provided the broadest "natural teaching laboratory" for improving people's spiritual civilization quality, enhancing scientific and educational knowledge, studying the impact of environmental changes on human beings and grasping the future.
Animal resources
Wenchuan county is rich in animal resources. According to the collected specimens, there are more than 700 species of insects in more than 20 orders, including 482 species of COLEOPTERA in 33 families. There are 6 species of fish, 9 species of amphibians, 208 species of birds and 96 species of mammals. Among these animals, there are not only southern animals such as macaques, clouded leopards, water deer and civets, but also plateau and northern animals such as wildebeest, lynx, Ma Xiong, white-lipped deer and white-eared pheasant. Among them, there are four kinds of national first-class protected rare animals, such as giant panda and golden monkey. There are red pandas, snow leopards, red-bellied pheasants, etc. 17 species under secondary protection; There are 8 species of forest musk deer and golden eagle protected in the third category; There are 29 kinds in all. Pheasant is one of the main characteristics of Wolong animals. Among 56 species in China, Wolong accounts for 1 1 species, and most of them are protected by the state.
mineral resources
Wenchuan county has complex geological structure, complete strata development, extensive distribution of magmatic rocks and rich mineral resources, especially various non-metallic minerals.
The development of history
Since the Han Dynasty, Wenjiang, Mianchi, Wenshan and Wenchuan in China have all been named after Minjiang River. According to the Records of Yuanhe County, Wenchuan County was named after the county's western water. The ancient "Wen" and "Min" were universal, so Minjiang River was also pronounced as Wenjiang.
In ancient times, during the Ranbu period (BC 165438+ BC 0 1), Wenshan County was established, which governed Mianchi and other five counties. Mianchi is a county with its former site in Jiangjun City, Weizhou Town. Mianchi County in the Eastern Han Dynasty was changed to Mianchi Road, and Mianchi County in the Western Jin Dynasty was changed to Wenchuan County. After the Eastern Jin Dynasty, overseas Chinese in Wenchuan moved their capital to An (now Dujiangyan City) and abandoned Mianchi County. Xiao Liang, located in Mianchi County and Wenchuan County, was a province in the Western Wei Dynasty. In the third year of North China (568), Wenchuan County was restored, and Jiang Weicheng still ruled the county. Until the Xuande period of the Ming Dynasty, Hanshui Post (now the seat of Mianchi Township Government in Wenchuan County) was ruled.
After the founding of People's Republic of China (PRC), 1952, he moved to Fenchuan County to administer Weizhou. 1958, Wenchuan County was revoked and merged with Maoxian County and Lixian County to form Mao Wen Qiang Autonomous County. 1963 reset. At the end of 1990, the administrative system of the county was 3 towns 14 townships.
Local customs and practices
Because Radish Village is located in the high mountain, the Qiang culture here has not been impacted by foreign cultures before, so it has basically maintained its original customs at present. It also follows the custom of Qiang boys and girls falling in love and singing folk songs for thousands of years. During the Qiang Festival every year, in the stockade, boys and girls not only sing affectionately, but also dance around the fireplace with the villagers, eating large pieces of meat, drinking homemade rice wine, licking wine, playing Qiang flute, suona, kouxianqin and playing sheepskin drums all night, which is full of lively scenes.
Here, women are called buns, and women generally weave, cook and raise livestock at home. Calling a man a handkerchief means a big deal. In Qiangzhai during the slack season, men go out to work, women move out of sewing baskets, and embroidered mothers are on the terrace and threshold. Qiang people live in the mountains, near the clouds, and Yun Qi after the rain. Clouds inspired them. They embroider clouds on shoes (including cuffs, skirts, trouser legs and headscarves), step on them, and live by them every step of the way. Even men who don't wear traditional clothes in the stockade wear Yun Yun shoes without exception. Gorgeous and exquisite Yun Yun shoes are very eye-catching against the background of men's blue and black Hanfu, adding tenderness to Wu Ying Qiang men.
Qiang people's clothes are mostly made of self-produced linen, commonly known as "linen shirts", or made of cow wool, commonly known as "bamboo shirts", and there are also cloth shirts, mostly blue. A man wears a belt around his waist, and a woman wears flowers around her waist. She is wearing a sleeveless sheepskin jacket and sandals or "Yun Yun shoes" (Qiang embroidered cloth shoes). Due to external influences, some young Qiang people in Radish Village usually wear Hanfu.
The exquisite embroidery and embroidery skills of the Qiang nationality were popular as early as the Ming and Qing Dynasties. Qiang women in Radish Village have been trained in flower picking and embroidery techniques since childhood, and often engage in activities such as spinning, hemp weaving, flower picking and embroidery after farm work. They choose flowers and embroidery, one is not proofing and the other is not marking. According to their own ideas, they freely use five-color silk thread and cotton thread to pick and embroider patterns with Qiang characteristics by hand, such as colorful geometric patterns, lifelike flowers and animals. Look at the women's embroidery in Radish Village, most of them are embroidery, besides flowers, there are fiber flowers, chain buttons and hand embroidery. Often use cotton thread to pick flowers, the color is mainly black and white, the pattern is exquisite and meticulous, and it looks simple and lively; The designs of Nahua and Hua Xian are exquisite and beautiful, with strong color contrast. The chain link shows the Qiang people's vigorous, simple, rough and unrestrained artistic style. The patterns of flower picking and embroidery are mostly taken from folk production and life scenes, and flowers, fruits, flowers, birds and figures abound. These patterns and landscapes are exquisite in form, auspicious in content and full of yearning for a happy life. Dozens of major traditional patterns, such as "flowers like brocade", "harmony between fish and water" and "melon and fruit jelly", are unforgettable.
Every family in the stockade is an individual and an indispensable part of the extended family. "Quit work and help each other" is a long-standing traditional custom in the stockade, and everyone in the stockade comes to help. Marriage, funeral and house repair are important events for a family. Every time such a thing happens, we should first discuss it with people with their surnames, and then tell the whole village that a family must have at least four workers (one worker means that a family needs one person to help one day) without any cost or reward. Do what you can, no one will be lazy and no one will slip away. This situation is the same in all Qiang villages, and the difference is only in the algorithm of a worker.
General situation of economy
Wenchuan is the southern gate of Aba Prefecture and the "industrial economic corridor" of Aba Prefecture. By the end of 2002, the gross domestic product reached1258.52 million yuan, the total agricultural output reached165.43 million yuan, the total grain output reached 16426 tons, and the per capita net income of farmers reached 1678 yuan. The adjustment of agricultural industrial structure was further intensified. Established 1500 mu eco-agricultural science and technology demonstration park base and two 500 mu pollution-free pesticide IPM demonstration parks. Registered and activated two trademarks of "Xiqiang Brand" and "Minjiang Brand" and five green signs of vegetables and fruits, and was listed as a production and construction base of pollution-free vegetables and dried fruits by the National Green Food Center. The construction of the three major forestry projects is progressing smoothly, with 9403.9 hectares closed for afforestation, 8 13.4 hectares for aerial afforestation and 37238+0 hectares for artificial afforestation. Completed 32,800 mu of ecological forest and 0.42 million mu of economic forest; Sand control area146,055,400 hectares. The industrial economy has developed rapidly and remarkable results have been achieved in attracting investment. Xuankou and Yingxiu have formed an industrial economic corridor and a water mill industrial economic park, and Guan Tao Industrial Economic Park is under construction. There are 6 investment-attracting enterprises with large scale, good benefits and assets of tens of millions of yuan, including Pandar Industrial Silicon Factory and Yuefa Smelting Co., Ltd.; The power industry is a sudden emergence. At present, more than 40 power stations at all levels have been built and put into operation, with an installed capacity of more than 1 10,000 kilowatts. 1 At the beginning of 986,1was named as one of the first five "primary rural electrification counties" in China.
Tourism resources have been further developed, and scenic spots such as Sanjiang Eco-tourism Zone, the first village of Xiqiang, the ancient cultural site of Jiangjun City and Luobuzhai Folk Village have been developed. Remarkable achievements have been made in traffic construction. A transportation network extending in all directions with 2 13 and 3 17 national highways as the main line, county, township and village highways as the branch lines, asphalt roads leading to townships and tractor roads leading to villages has been built. Posts and telecommunications have developed vigorously, and the coverage rate of mobile and Unicom communication networks has reached more than 85%. PHS communication has been opened in county towns and major market towns, realizing program-controlled communication exchange and digital transmission. Urban construction changes with each passing day. The urban area of Weizhou County has reached 3.53 square kilometers, and a modern city has begun to take shape. It has gradually formed a transportation distribution center and an educational and scientific research base in Aba Prefecture. "Surrounded by mountains, three mountains compete for beauty, two rivers compete for water, and one city crosses the river to build a new building" is an accurate description of Weizhou today.
administrative division
Wenchuan County is located in the northwest edge of Sichuan Basin, southeast of Aba Tibetan and Qiang Autonomous Prefecture, with Pengzhou and Dujiangyan in the east, chongzhou city and Dayi counties in the south, Baoxing and Xiaojin counties in the west, Lixian and Maoxian counties in the northwest and northeast respectively.
Pinyin: Wenchuan County
Code 5 1322 1
Postal code 623000
Weizhou Town and County People's Government
In 2004, Wenchuan County governed six towns (Weizhou, Xuankou, Yingxiu, Shuimo, Mianchong and Wolong) and eight townships (Yanmen, Cook, Longxi, Caopo, Ginkgo, Gengda, Baihua and Sanjiang).
5. 12 earthquake
On May, 2008 12 14: 28: 04.0, an earthquake of magnitude 7.8 occurred in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province. The epicenter was located at 3 1.0 degrees north latitude and 0/03.4 degrees east longitude, on both sides of the Minjiang River in the southeast of Aba Prefecture, with a wide range of earthquakes, including Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin, Ningxia and Gansu. The earthquake was felt in Vietnam and Thailand. According to the Sichuan Earthquake Administration, as of 12 13, there were more than 1000 aftershocks, with a maximum magnitude of 7. This earthquake is the first time that an earthquake of magnitude 7 or above has occurred in Sichuan Province in the past 32 years since the earthquake of magnitude 7.6 occurred in Songpan and Pingwu counties of Sichuan in 1976. According to the statistics of the Ministry of Civil Affairs, as of 13 18, the earthquake in Wenchuan County, Sichuan Province has caused more than 1,000 deaths in 8 provinces and cities of Sichuan, Gansu, Shaanxi, Chongqing, Yunnan, Shanxi, Guizhou and Hubei12,000, with 60,00 people still missing and more than 500,000 houses collapsed. At present, the disaster situation is still under further statistical verification.
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