When visiting local people's feelings, Chiang Kai-shek asked a question to Yan 'an farmers, but the answer made him toss and turn, making it difficult to sleep. What questions did Chiang Kai-shek ask?
Since the civil war broke out in an all-round way, although the Kuomintang army has won certain victories in the whole country, it has also suffered huge losses. The army of China's * * * production party was not weakened obviously, and Chiang Kai-shek's all-round offensive strategy was blocked. In this case, he decided to give up the all-round attack strategy and turn to the key attack.
1947, Chiang Kai-shek pointed the finger at Yan 'an. 10 in March, Hu Zongnan had assembled 15000 troops in accordance with Chiang Kai-shek's instructions, ready to attack Yanan.
Hu Qiaomu recalled: "At that time, Chairman Mao had made the worst plan to give up Yan' an, but he was optimistic about the prospect of keeping Yan' an."
The day when the Kuomintang attacked Yan 'an is getting closer and closer, and Chairman Mao's tactics of keeping the interior clean and keeping the exterior clean have not been fully implemented.
After Chairman Mao got the news of Xiong Xianghui, Mr. Piper led an ambush in the only way for Hu Zongnan troops 40 kilometers away from Yan 'an. Boss Peng asked the brigade commander, "How many days can you last?"
"Five days," the brigade commander replied.
Boss Peng said: "I know this answer is very courageous." Our troops are too small, and the average number of bullets per gun is less than 10 "Boss Peng said to the soldiers," While preserving ourselves, we must try our best to delay the enemy and try to resist him for a week. "
"At that time, I had a hunch that it was inevitable to give up Yan 'an. "Later, recalling this incident, Mr. Peng spoke frankly about his inner thoughts.
On March 1 1 day, Chairman Mao first put forward the idea of giving up Yan 'an. At the same time, Chairman Mao and Mr. Peng said they would discuss the battlefield in the mountains north of Yan 'an. * * * The news of abandoning Yan 'an came out, and the director of the Office of the Central Secretariat rode to Wang Jiaping where Chairman Mao was located, demanding to try to keep Yan 'an.
Chairman Mao replied, "Since you can call it Yan 'an, I can also call it Nanjing. "Although this is inspiring, it also sends a message to people: it is helpless to give up the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Liberated Area and leave Yan 'an.
Chairman Mao explained why he gave up Yan 'an. Yan 'an is a big burden full of gold, silver and jewels. Chiang Kai-shek and Hu Zongnan were robbers who robbed halfway. We gave up Yan 'an temporarily because we wanted to make the enemy bear the burden and make ourselves more active and flexible in the battle.
Abandoning the revolutionary base areas, people's morale is low. Chairman Mao assured them: "When the time comes, we will counterattack again, and Yan 'an will definitely return to our hands. "
Soon after, our party began to transfer materials and important documents. The number of documents handed in by senior cadres reached 50 thousand. With Chairman Mao's command that "not a single piece of paper can fall into the enemy's hands", our party burned dozens of boxes of documents. Those important and indestructible documents, the soldiers hid the secret on the farm.
In addition, Yan 'an also started the Qing Ye movement. The soldiers hid all the stone mills within 20 miles of Fiona Fang and said, "We must starve Hu Zongnan to death in Yan 'an. "
/kloc-in March of 0/3, Hu Zongnan began to bomb Yan 'an on a large scale. Soon after, Yan 'an was intensively attacked by Kuomintang troops.
16, Hu Zongnan led a breakthrough in Yan' an's first defensive front. Chairman Mao comforted the soldiers: "Yan' an can hold on very well, but we can still live without him." "
On March 18, the gunfire in Yan 'an was clearly discernible. Hu Zongnan's main force has approached Sanlipu in the south of Yan 'an. In the afternoon, Chairman Mao met with the leaders to study the plan to evacuate Yan 'an.
"In less than a year, more than two years, we will come back. We want to exchange Yan' an for all China. " Chairman Mao said.
At night, the gunfire in Yan' an city is already very dense. Boss Peng rushed into Chairman Mao's room and advised him to leave as soon as possible. Chairman Mao insisted on staying to investigate the enemy's situation and was the last one to leave Yan 'an.
Late that night, Hu Zongnan's vanguard troops were only 7 kilometers away from Yan 'an. 2 1, Chairman Mao withdrew from Yan 'an.
19 in the morning, Hu Zongnan got the news that Yan 'an was an empty city with no one.
How to implement the reception policy? This made Hu Zongnan rack his brains.
When Hu Zongnan entered the city, Yan 'an was already an empty city. In order to show the fierceness of the war, he ordered soldiers to dig graves near Yan 'an, and transported many weapons and equipment in his warehouse to Yan 'an to decorate the spoils for display.
Hu Zongnan had previously reported to Chiang Kai-shek that the * * * army suffered more than 10,000 casualties and surrendered more than 2,000 people. How to deal with prisoners?
After research, Hu Zongnan entrusted the 27th Division with an important "political task": he selected some soldiers as prisoners of the * * * Army, and selected three officers, two of whom served as commanders and brigade commanders of the * * * Army, and trained them to answer questions.
Hu Zongnan said: "I don't approve of fraud, but I have to do it for the sake of revolution."
A few days later, Hu Zongnan flew into a rage when checking the prisoner's training results. The officer posing as a brigade commander is from Hunan. After seeing Hu Zongnan, he kept bowing. Hu Zongnan said: "There is nothing better than * * * army. I really don't understand revolution! * * * The army wants to' curse the mother', which means that Chiang Kai-shek is a traitor and the Kuomintang is a party scraper. " Hu Zongnan specifically told his subordinates: "Be sure to show that you would rather die than surrender."
In order to quickly restore the prosperity of Yan 'an, General Hu Zongnan sent a motorcade to Xi 'an to bring businessmen and artists to Yan 'an. Soon after, a new market was formed in Nanguan, Yan 'an. Teahouses and restaurants are very lively. However, only 2,000 Yan 'an residents came back one after another. A street called blacksmith street, no one has ever come home.
The Kuomintang has lost the hearts of the people, and we can see the clue from this moment.
Hu Zongnan, who thought he had made great contributions, frequently sent relevant personnel to the Kuomintang political circles. They advised Chiang Kai-shek, renamed Yan 'an Zongnan County, opened up the future Yan 'an as a scenic spot, and attracted tourists from China to Yan 'an from Lushan Mountain. The real purpose of Hu Zongnan's move is just to enrich himself.
1In August, 947, Chiang Kai-shek came to Yan 'an by special plane and landed on a airstrip in Yan 'an. As soon as Chiang Kai-shek got off the plane, he was heavily protected and came to the most luxurious and heavily guarded diplomatic hotel in Yan' an.
The next morning, under the protection of soldiers, Chiang Kai-shek came to Yan 'an City and began a field trip.
After visiting the city of Yan 'an, Chiang Kai-shek said to Hu Zongnan, "Go to Yang Jialing, Zaoyuan and Wang Jiaping in Yan 'an and see how Chairman Mao lived in caves. "
For Chairman Mao, Chiang Kai-shek has always had a strong desire to explore. Chiang Kai-shek once asked: Yan 'an, the northwest border, is poor and backward, almost isolated from the world. Why did Chairman Mao develop here for three years, making China's * * * production party from weak to strong, and even competing with the Kuomintang?
Hu Zongnan took Chiang Kai-shek to the cave where Chairman Mao once lived. The interior is very simple, there is only one board on the kang. Chiang Kai-shek saw a hand-driven spinning wheel in the yard, and he shook it himself. Hu Zongnan told Chiang Kai-shek: "This is what Chairman Mao once used."
In order to understand Chairman Mao's specific life, Chiang Kai-shek specially invited a farmer. Chiang Kai-shek asked, "Have you seen Chairman Mao? What kind of person is he? "
"Of course I have. He is wearing ordinary clothes. Like ordinary soldiers, he still comes to my house to eat dates, but every time he gives him money for free, he doesn't eat it. "
Chiang Kai-shek was silent after hearing this, but his face darkened.
At night, Chiang Kai-shek lay in bed, tossing and turning, unable to sleep. He repeatedly recalled the dialogue with farmers during the day and had a bad feeling in his heart.
Later, Chiang Kai-shek left Yan 'an in a hurry after examining the battle plan submitted by Hu Zongnan. Chiang Kai-shek said to Hu Zongnan, "Yan 'an is beyond my imagination. "This is the last time Chiang Kai-shek arrived in Yenan.
What Chiang Kai-shek feared most was that Chairman Mao contacted the people. As Chairman Mao said, "Where is the safest place? The place where people support us is the safest. "
The Kuomintang did not expect that Chairman Mao used Yan 'an as bait to attract the Kuomintang's main force to attack northern Shaanxi, which won time for the development and growth of other liberated areas in the country.
When Chairman Mao led our Party to move to northern Shaanxi, Hu Zongnan used radio to ascertain the specific position of our Party, and Hu Zongnan urgently mobilized troops to approach the CPC Central Committee. At this time, Mr. Peng was in the pocket of the northwest subordinates, and Hu Zongnan fell into a trap, and the main force was wiped out. After our army withdrew from Yan 'an, it quickly won all three wars, and then it mushroomed and gradually spread the victory to the whole country.
Later, Commander-in-Chief Zhu De led the North China Field Army and began the plan to recover the northern cities. Yang, Ye Jianying helped the Liberated Areas to get in touch with the CPC Central Committee in northern Shaanxi, and the Central Committee made good communication with all localities.
The victory of the war of liberation is just around the corner. It is Chairman Mao's great wisdom that one Yan 'an gets the whole * * *.