There are many kinds of precious metals in the world. Of course, we only need to know those precious metals that are suitable for everyone to wear and use.
Platinum, silver, titanium and gold
Yi platinum
The most attractive thing about platinum is its durability. Every time other kinds of metals are cut or corroded, a small amount of metal is consumed. In fact, it is precisely because platinum and gold can be worn that they need to be alloyed with other metals to be worn safely. But platinum is not like this. Scratches may leave marks on it, but this metal is very hard and will not chip, break or wear. We often use safe and strong platinum to set unbound diamonds.
Overview of platinum
Platinum (Pt) is one of the rarest jewelry metals in the world, and it is also the hardest metal. It is smelted from natural platinum, crude platinum ore and other minerals. Because "platinum" is a combination of "gold" and "white" and its color is silvery white, it is also called "platinum". It is malleable and can be drawn into extremely thin platinum wire and rolled into extremely thin platinum foil. Chemical properties are extremely stable, insoluble in strong acid and alkali, and not oxidized in air.
Most platinum jewelry contains 95% platinum (Pt950 for short) and 5% iridium or palladium. To ensure the quality of platinum ring, please look for the words Pt 950 or Pt on the ring arm.
There are also some platinum jewelry, the platinum content is 90% (Pt900 for short), and iridium or palladium is doped 10%.
The history of platinum:
Platinum, an ancient lost treasure, exists in meteorites. The earliest source of meteorites can be traced back to 2 billion years ago, when a meteor fell into the earth. In the long history, this rare and fascinating treasure has appeared from time to time. /kloc-In the 9th and 20th centuries, platinum was more and more admired and loved by people. Today, it has become the precious metal of choice for movie stars and elites.
Production of platinum
The reserves of platinum in nature are much less than those of gold. According to incomplete statistics, the global total platinum reserves are about 1.4 million tons (the total platinum group mineral resources reserves are about 3 1.0 million tons), which is only 5% of the gold reserves.
1 oz platinum takes five months to be extracted from dozens of tons of platinum ore.
Delatuva platinum mine is the most famous and largest platinum mine in the world.
At present, the annual output of platinum in the world is only about 90 tons, far less than that of gold, and platinum is more difficult to extract than gold, so its price is higher than that of Huang Jingui. The annual output of platinum in China is about 4 tons, mainly distributed in Baijiazui, Jinchuan, Gansu, accounting for 90% of the national total output.
Why choose platinum
Mainly determined by the quality of platinum: pure, rare and eternal.
pure
Platinum is white and pure, which is a perfect expression and a true reflection of the inside. It won't fade and change color, and it can still keep luster over time. The purity of platinum is also very suitable for skin wear, so platinum will not cause allergic reactions to the skin.
infrequent
Platinum is the rarest precious metal in the world, and it is sought after by people who pursue life taste. Platinum is 3 0 times rarer than gold. The rarity of platinum makes it more noble and different, and can fully show your personality.
eternal
The density and weight of platinum make it more durable than other precious metal jewelry. Platinum will not wear, and it can hold precious jewels stably and safely. Some world-famous gems are fixed on platinum bases, such as Coe-E-Noel diamonds and some jewels in the British crown. All precious metals leave scratches, including platinum. However, the scratches on platinum only move the metal and will not reduce its volume, while the scratches on gold will bring wear and reduce the volume of gold. If there are scratches visible to the naked eye on platinum, it can be polished again to make it bright as new.
Pay attention to your health
1. Platinum jewelry should be stored separately in a jewelry box or suede to prevent scratching other jewelry.
2. The cleaning method of platinum jewelry is the same as other precious jewelry: use the jewelry cleaner sold in the market, or soak it in the solution of soap and warm water, and then gently wipe it with a soft cloth.
Please don't wear platinum ornaments when doing housework, cleaning, gardening and other types of heavy work or physical activities.
4. When wearing platinum jewelry, please don't touch bleaching or irritating chemicals. Although chemicals will not damage platinum, they may discolor diamonds or precious stones.
5. Regularly and professionally clean your platinum jewelry. Platinum jewelry with precious stones needs to be cleaned once every six months.
Erhuangjin
Gold is a precious metal with dazzling golden metallic luster. Pure gold has a specific gravity of 19.3 and a melting point of 1063℃. It is soft in texture, good in toughness, excellent in ductility and conductivity, stable in chemical properties, only soluble in aqua regia or potassium sodium cyanide solution, and easy to process into various shapes. So it has been used as an ornament since ancient times.
The gold content of gold is usually also called the fineness or purity of gold, and the jewelry industry uses gold, gold or grams before the purity is one thousandth (k number). Such as gold 750, Au750 or G 18K, can be divided into 999, 990, 9 16, 750, 585 and 375 according to the thousandth purity, and the corresponding k numbers are thousands of gold, pure gold, 22K, 18K and/kloc-in turn.
Overview of gold
Gold, also known as gold, English gold, chemical symbol Au, atomic number 79, is an orange-yellow metallic substance. In nature, gold generally exists as a single substance.
1. The density of gold is very high. At normal temperature and pressure, the density of gold is 19.32g/cm3, which is nearly 20 times that of water and more than 3 times that of iron.
2. Gold has a high melting point and boiling point, with melting point 1064.43℃ and boiling point of 2808℃. As the saying goes, "real gold is not afraid of fire" refers to this.
3. The Mohs hardness of gold is 2.5, which is equivalent to human nails.
4. Gold has good toughness and ductility. One gram of pure gold can be drawn into a filament of more than 3000 meters, or forged into a gold foil of 9 square meters.
5. Gold has high stability and strong corrosion resistance, and is insoluble in other acid and alkali solutions except aqua regia.
The gold funerary objects unearthed in the ancient tomb are as bright as new despite thousands of years of wind and rain.
purely
The fineness of gold is also the purity of gold, which refers to the content of gold in gold products. There are two popular ways to express the purity of gold:
1, k-gold method
People call gold with a gold content of 100% 24K gold. The relationship between k number and gold content is lK=4. 1666%. According to this formula, the gold content of 18K gold is 75%, that of 14K gold is 50% and that of 9K gold is 37.5%.
2. Proportional method
The content of gold in gold products is expressed by percentage and thousandth rate. For example, Au99.95 is 99.95% gold and Au999.5 is 999.5‰ gold.
colour
The color of gold is determined by two factors:
1. The type of synthetic metal it contains.
2. Percentage of each metal
price
The price of gold ornaments mainly depends on the proportion of gold used. Of course, its design and jewelry structure also affect the price of gold jewelry.
Gold knowledge
Gold Au is one of the earliest known metals, and people often use the gold standard to define the world circulation system.
24k = 100% gold
Jewelry made of 24k gold is too soft, and it is only suitable for making gold jewelry alone.
22 karat = 9 1.7% gold
22k gold is too soft to be used in jewelry.
18 = 75.0% gold
18K gold has good hardness and is recommended as an excellent jewelry, which is widely used in China.
14 = 58.3% gold
14k gold can also be considered as jewelry, which is widely used in Europe and America.
12 = 50.0% gold
12k is not recognized by the jewelry industry.
10 carat = 4 1.7% gold
In China, it is defined as real gold by law.
unit
The unit of measurement of gold is different in different parts of the world. The commonly used units for gold measurement are as follows:
1, European and American troy ounce system.
1 troy horn = 3 1. 103495g
2. Hongkong, Japan and China balanced the two systems in ancient times.
1 Sima Liang = 37.3438+0 g.
1 JPY = 3.75g 1 kg = 16 JPY = 500g, 1 JPY = 31.25g.
3. Municipal units of measurement. Now Shanghai gold is in grams.
1 kg = 10 two = 500g.
4, South Asia, New Delhi, Karachi, Mumbai and other Torah scales.
1 tora =11.6638g.
Pay attention to your health
Remember: keep your gold ornaments away from corrosive chemicals such as chlorine and cleaning agents, reduce daily wear and prolong the color life of gold.
The method of cleaning gold is as follows: wash gold gently with soap and warm water solution (bald brush is better). Gold should be stored separately in soft cloth bags or original packaging boxes to avoid contact with daily substances.
San Baiyin
Pure silver is soft, malleable and easy to destroy. Therefore, pure silver is usually alloyed with other metals to increase its durability. The most popular alloy is standard sterling silver, that is, sterling silver jewelry with 92.5% silver and 7.5% copper.
Although any metal can constitute 7.5% non-silver, hundreds of years of experiments have proved that copper is the best alloy collocation, because the alloy containing copper can not only improve the hardness and durability of metal, but also not affect its beautiful color.
Adding a small amount of copper will not have much effect on the value of pure silver. On the contrary, the price of pure silver products will be affected by the production of products, the skills of craftsmen and the complexity of design.
Sterling silver quality mark
Most quality products are marked with the word "excellent". This sign shows the content of precious metals in this kind of jewelry.
Pure silver alloy
Because 100% pure silver is soft, it is only used when its plasticity is needed, such as intricate designs such as handicrafts to show its weaving.
Because standard sterling silver is both beautiful and durable, it has become a common material for making jewelry and accessories. The qualified quality mark of pure silver includes the following contents:
● Pounds.
● Pure silver
●925
Pay attention to your health
Under your careful care, your high-quality sterling silver jewelry will accompany you all your life. To minimize scratches and damage, please put your sterling silver jewelry in a cloth bag or in a separate layer of the jewelry box. In order to avoid damage to silver jewelry, please avoid making jewelry close to common chemicals in daily life.
skill
Standard sterling silver is the standard to measure high-quality charming silver ornaments. It contains more than 90% pure silver and other metals to improve its hardness and durability. This kind of jewelry won't wear out.
Tetratitanium gold
Titanium gold is extremely hard and light, and can resist corrosion. Generally speaking, titanium gold is mainly used in engineering and aviation industry. Titanium has only recently been used as jewelry, and its popularity index is rising.
purely
The strength of pure titanium gold can meet the needs of casting metal brackets into rings. It is for this reason that the titanium ring cannot be resized. Titanium gold can be divided into many grades, and sometimes it is alloyed with other metals for greater strength. But this extra strength is not recognized by the jewelry industry. Therefore, we suggest that you choose the purest grade titanium jewelry.
weight
This metal is popular because of its unique light weight-about 1/3 of the weight of gold. Many consumers find titanium rings very convenient and comfortable to wear.
Pay attention to your health
The strength of titanium gold makes titanium gold the first choice for people who are not used to wearing jewelry. Although titanium gold may be scratched, this kind of jewelry is easy to polish and make it look like new.
skill
If you are worried about the weight of the engagement ring, consider choosing titanium. Titanium gold is extremely light, and its weight is 1/3 of gold.