Yuan Qinghua has aroused great concern.
Blue and white porcelain occupies a very important position in the history of world ceramics. It was born in the Tang Dynasty, but some scholars call it "white glazed blue painted pottery" because of its loose fetal quality and low porcelain degree. In the late Yuan Dynasty, Jingdezhen Kiln adopted the "binary formula" of porcelain stone and kaolin, borrowed the underglaze painting technology of Cizhou Kiln and Jizhou Kiln, and introduced "high iron and low manganese" cobalt materials from West Asia, which made the blue and white porcelain fired successfully. Among the blue-and-white porcelain exported all over the world, the blue-and-white porcelain around14th century is famous for its exquisite craftsmanship. According to incomplete statistics, there are about 100 yuan blue and white porcelain pieces in China and more than 200 pieces abroad.
Yuan Blue-and-White has opened up a new era of transition from plain porcelain to colored porcelain, and is called a wonderful work in the history of China ceramics with its rich and vigorous painting style and various painting levels. Yuan blue and white porcelain is an exotic product. Among the rare blue-and-white porcelain wares of the Yuan Dynasty, those with the theme of characters' stories are even rarer.
The blue-and-white plum vase "Xiao He Chasing Han Xin under the Moon" collected in Nanjing Museum was unearthed in the tomb of Wang Muying of Qian Ning in the Ming Dynasty in Jiangjun Mountain. Since it was unearthed in 1950s, this national first-class cultural relic has been the treasure of Shibo's town hall and a veritable masterpiece in the history of China ceramic art.
In 2005, Yuan Qinghua Guiguzi downhill pot was auctioned at Christie's in London for 6.5438+0.4 million pounds, and after deducting the commission, it was 6.5438+0.5688 million pounds, equivalent to about 230 million yuan, which set the highest auction record of China artworks in the world, and began to make Yuan Dynasty blue-and-white porcelain enter a wider public view.
Yuan Qinghua appeared in the auction, and the transaction price was:
Guiguzi went down the mountain: in July 2005,15688,000 was sold at Christie's auction house in London, England (excluding the commission of about 228.07 million yuan, two tons of gold could be bought according to the international quotation of that day).
"Jinxiang Pavilion" jar: Autumn auction at Christie's in Hong Kong on October 28th, 2005/KLOC-0, with a transaction price of 49,989,600 yuan.
Relief White Dragon Cans: It was sold at Sotheby's Autumn Auction in London in 2005 for 365,438+044,000 pounds (about RMB 44.57 million).
Branched peony pattern jar: It was sold at Sotheby's auction in new york on March 30th, 2006 for USD 4.72 million (about RMB 37.887 million).
Fish Sargasso vat (height 3 1cm): It was sold at Christie's London Asian Art Auction on July1/0/2006 for 2136,000 (about 3146,000 RMB).
Branch bound peony gourd bottle: sold at Christie's auction in new york on March 29th, 2006 for 2.032 million US dollars (about 28.644 million RMB).
How to distinguish authenticity in detail
How to identify the authenticity of Yuan blue and white flowers? On how to appreciate and identify Yuan blue-and-white porcelain, there are mainly the following points:
When we look at the shape of containers, we should carefully observe the mouth edge, neck, shoulders, abdomen and bottom of containers such as bottles and cans to see if they have the characteristics of containers in Yuan Dynasty, and at the same time, we should identify the weight of container carcasses and comprehensively analyze the shape of containers. Containers such as bottles and cans in the Yuan Dynasty were generally heavy and hard.
Second, look at the glaze color. The glaze color of Yuan blue-and-white porcelain is slightly blue and shiny, but some blue-and-white porcelain is white or blue. Blue-and-white porcelain in the middle and early Yuan Dynasty is a kind of transparent blue-and-white glaze, which looks like glutinous rice, bluish gray at close range and yellowish brown at a distance.
Looking at blue-and-white porcelain, the color of blue-and-white porcelain in Yuan Dynasty was unstable and dizzy. There are two kinds of blue-and-white materials: one is thick and bright, and the thick part has black rust spots, commonly known as "black spots", which will make the glaze of blue-and-white porcelain uneven when touched by hand, and the other is domestic materials, in which the color of blue-and-white porcelain is gray, and some colors are cyan gray or blue-and-white gray.
Fourth, look at the patterns. One is to draw decorative patterns with imported materials, which has the characteristics of dense composition and rich layers. Another kind of blue and white is painted with domestic materials, and the pattern is smooth and unrestrained. The pattern composition is relatively simple and the painting rate is relatively rough, and various flower patterns are more common.
Looking at the inner wall, many inner wall abutments are raised about 1? The thickness of tire seam marks ranging from 2 mm is irregular, and the touch is round and delicate. The strong light is oblique to the inner wall, and the starlight points flash out in the sparse sand eyes, giving off light, also known as yin and yang points.
Sixth, look at the foot, the bottom is mostly concave and round, the sole is wide and wide, a small part of the sole is tilted to the outside, and the digging foot is shallow and deep, mostly shallow. Dish-shaped ring feet are inclined to the outside, some tires are slightly loose, and some soles are slightly raised and heart-shaped. There are often swirl marks on the bottom of bottles and cans, which are flint red and ochre red.
Seven look at color development and bubbles. The color development of Yuan Blue and White is also very important. The outer edges of bottles and cans are generally glazed in water green, and some are duck egg blue. The glaze color of the body is often bluish white, light blue or yellowish brown. Blue-and-white porcelain bottles and cans in the middle and early Yuan Dynasty were obviously colored, and their colors showed different glaze colors with the changes of dryness, humidity, temperature and season in the air.
Among these contents, blue and white materials and tire soil are the most important, because "Ma Su Li Qing" and "Macangtu" are both extinct products, and modern people cannot copy them.
Conclusion:
Yuan Qinghua is a wonderful flower in the history of ceramic manufacturing in China. It is normal for the transaction record to hit record highs, because there are few survival cases and artificial speculation. Feng Xianming, a Chinese ceramic expert, wrote in the book "China Ceramics": "The quality and quantity of Yuan blue and white collected in China are not as good as those collected abroad. The total number of collections at home and abroad is roughly more than 300. " At present, there is still a saying that "the domestic collection of 100 yuan celadon does not exceed 100 yuan", and whether there are yuan blue and white porcelain among the people has been questioned. In this regard, the article "Yuan blue and white porcelain is not mysterious" was published. "At present, except for a few experts, most professionals in the cultural and artistic circles deny that Yuan blue-and-white porcelain exists among the people. On the one hand, experts only recognize soil and pits, completely denying folk blue and white; On the other hand, folk collectors are constantly questioning experts, and no one can draw a final conclusion.
But the recognition of the market has been fully revealed. There are few blue-and-white products handed down from ancient times, and folk collections are even rarer. However, due to its rare handed down quantity and unique artistic, historical and cultural value, the price of Yuan blue and white flowers has increased year by year.
At present, the market of blue and white porcelain in Yuan Dynasty
For the authenticity of the collection, listen to the expert advice of some well-known first-line auction houses. For the value of the collection, I suggest that you can refer to the transaction records of some more formal companies such as Beijing Hanhai and Beijing Poly, which are more reliable.
The first-line state-owned auction company, Beijing Hanhai, has begun to collect autumn auctions, and large auction companies have to complete each collection two or three months in advance. This collection is limited, free of appraisal, storage, auction and auction service fees. Do you know Beijing Hanhai?
Beijing Hanhai Auction Co., Ltd. was established in 1 June 1994 and1June 1994. It is a professional company engaged in comprehensive auction of cultural relics and artworks approved by the national cultural relics management department and established by the domestic cultural relics management system. It is a state-owned enterprise with a registered capital of 654.38+million yuan. The company has a large number of professional and technical personnel who are good at the management of this industry, and there are always auction appraisal institutions composed of national appraisal experts.
In the past ten years, Hanhai Company has held 16 large and high-grade art auctions and 26 small and medium-sized public collection auctions. Art lots involve a wide range of categories and varieties. China's modern paintings and calligraphy, China's ancient paintings and calligraphy, China's antiques, jade specials and China's fan auctions have been successfully held, with a total turnover of more than 60,000 pieces, with a total turnover rate of over 70% and a total turnover of 3.5 billion yuan. In just 10 years, Hanhai has become one of the leading domestic art auction enterprises with strong credibility, standardized operation and the most competitive strength, and has attracted extensive attention from all walks of life at home and abroad.
The selection range of the set is as follows:
1. Select target: art clients in China.
Second, the selection criteria
(1) Select categories: porcelain, jade, gold, silver and bronze, woodwork, China painting and calligraphy, oil painting, jewelry, bamboo and wood corner carving, stone carving, sculpture, textiles (except cross stitch), handicrafts, documents, philatelic products, tickets, badges, rare stone specimens, jewelry, miscellaneous items, etc.
(2) Volume and weight The volume of each article shall not exceed 40×50×60 cm and the weight shall not exceed 5 kg. If the volume and weight exceed the limit, there will be an extra charge.