1. Synthetic cubic zirconia is also called "CZ diamond" because it was first synthesized by the former Soviet Union and successfully put on the market as a counterfeit diamond in the 1970s. Also known as "Soviet diamond" (the name has been abolished at present).
The properties of artificial cubic zirconia are very close to those of diamond. First of all, its refractive index is as high as 2. 17, and its dispersion is 0.06, which is very close to 2.42 and 0.044 of diamonds. In particular, its high dispersibility makes the color flash of polished gemstones more beautiful. The Mohs hardness of synthetic cubic zirconia is 8.5, only slightly lower than that of ruby and sapphire, which can make the polished edge sharp and perfect, and the shiny and smooth surface is not easy to be scratched and sanded. Moreover, cubic zirconia can be synthesized to produce products with excellent transparency and complete colorless. In this way, after grinding it into a round diamond-shaped prismatic stone, its appearance is exactly the same as that of a diamond, and it is almost indistinguishable. Besides colorless and transparent cubic zirconia, bright red, yellow, green, blue, purple and purplish red products can be obtained by adding a small amount of color-developing elements into the composition.
Although the artificial cubic zirconia looks like a diamond when it is ground into a gem, it can still be distinguished by some simple methods. The specific gravity of artificial cubic zirconia is about 6, which is 1.7 times that of diamond, so it feels heavy. Or use an oily pen to scratch the surface of the sample, leaving clear and continuous lines when scratching the diamond surface, and discontinuous small droplets appear when scratching the synthetic cubic zirconia; Or breathe into the sample. The sample with fast fog dispersion is diamond, and the sample with slow fog dispersion is synthetic cubic zirconia. Of course, to distinguish accurately, it is best to use instruments to identify, such as reflectors, thermal conductivity meters, microscopes and so on.
As for real synthetic diamonds, because their synthetic cost is higher than natural diamonds, and synthetic diamonds are often fine and can't reach the level of gems, people don't have to worry about buying synthetic diamonds in the jewelry market at least for now.
Mosan stone is a artificial gem-class moissanite, named in memory of Nobel Prize winner Dr. Henry Moysan, who first synthesized this stone in 1990 19. Recently, a North American company (c3 Company) put it on the market as a diamond substitute crystal, which is considered to be more realistic than cubic zirconia. Because of the high thermal conductivity of grinding stone, the thermal conductivity meter can't distinguish it. The main difference from diamond is that it belongs to hexagonal system and has heterogeneity. As can be seen from the table, there are ghosts at the edge of the exhibition hall, and the relative density is low (3.20 ~ 3.22). Uniaxial orthogonal crystal, n. = 2.69, NO = 2.65, refractive index 0.04, and dispersion 0. 104 higher than that of diamond. Mohs hardness is 9.25. There is a linear body composed of metallic spherical inclusions and small white dots (roughly parallel to the C axis), which has no fluorescence reaction and is conductive. At present, it can't be really colorless, and there are often some grayish green or grayish blue, so its color can also be used as a distinguishing feature in the near future.
Third, glass, glass is more powerful, and it can imitate many precious stones, not just diamonds. . . But because the fire color is not strong, you can easily find the difference between it and the real diamond. So this kind generally does not appear in the market. In some schools, diamonds are polished with glass and used for training. .
The most likely products on the market are imitation diamond of Mosanite and synthetic cubic zirconia. But if you are dealing in synthetic cubic zirconia imitation diamonds, a conscientious brand will generally tell customers that his diamonds are imitation diamonds. Don't worry too much. . . .