Gem (short for jewelry and jade) is the essence of nature. Pushkin, an ancient Roman scholar, once said: "The tiny space of gems contains the whole magnificent nature, and only one gem is enough to show the beauty of all things." So what is a gem? At present, the definition of GEM has two concepts: narrow sense and broad sense.

In a narrow sense, gems refer to minerals or rocks that are magnificent in color, crystal clear, hard and durable, and rare in nature, and can be polished and carved into jewelry or handicrafts, some of which are organic gems.

Some people further limit the narrow sense of gem to natural single crystal minerals, such as diamonds, rubies, sapphires and emeralds.

Minerals are simple materials or compounds formed by geological processes, which have certain chemical composition, internal structure and physical properties. Rock is an aggregate of minerals. Crystals are solid substances with lattice structure.

Generalized concept of gem

It refers to all materials that have become jewelry or handicrafts after pondering and carving, namely natural jewelry, jade and artificial products.