This paper demonstrates from both positive and negative aspects, with strict reasoning, strong logic and strong arguments. The author starts with the history, and takes four monarchs, Qin Mugong, Xiao Gong, Hui Wang and Wang Zhao, as examples to emphasize the importance of reusing guests.

Then talk about reality, the author lists the hobbies of the king of Qin, such as the jade in Kunshan, the carefree treasure, the pearl of the bright moon, the Tai 'a sword he wears, and the horse he rides, all from vassal states. On the one hand, it enumerates Ke Qing's historical contribution to the state of Qin and draws the conclusion that "Qin is the emperor" ... with Ke Qing's help. From this point of view, why the guest was defeated by Qin zai "touched the king of Qin.

On the other hand, by analyzing the advantages and disadvantages of staying and expelling guests, we can understand the advantages and disadvantages. "Abandoning customers and investing in the enemy, harming the people and benefiting the enemy, and blaming the princes from the inside out, seeking the country without danger, can not be obtained." Then it is inferred repeatedly that it comes down to attaching importance to music, pearls and jade, and ignoring the people. "This is not the art of crossing the sea to control princes." This is "talking in the middle of things", arguing from the interests and touching on the ambition of the king of Qin to dominate.

Then, from the metaphor of Taishan River and Sea, such as "vast territory and abundant resources", to the mistake of "abandoning Guizhou as the first country to vote against the enemy", it comes down to the crisis of "expelling guests to vote against the enemy", which further proves that expelling guests is related to the safety of Qin State. Such ups and downs, it is "flying gang's words" (Liu Xie's words), finally moved the king of Qin.

Pre-Qin Lisi? The original text of the book of remonstration and expulsion:

When I heard officials talking about expelling guests, I thought it was too much. In the past, I longed for a scholar, glory in the west and ten thousand in the east, to welcome Uncle Song Jian, Pippo and Gongsun Jin. These five sons were not born in the Qin Dynasty, but were jointly owned by Mu and merged with the country for 20 years, thus dominating Xirong. Filial piety, using the method of Shang Yang, changes customs, makes the people rich, makes the country rich and strong, enjoys the people, and the princes serve them personally. They are the teachers of Chu and Wei, who have raised thousands of miles to govern the country so far.

King Hui used Zhang Yi's stratagem to uproot the land of Sanchuan, merge Ba and Shu in the west, take the county in the north, Hanzhong in the south, build nine cities, control Yan and Ying, occupy the danger in the east, cut fertile soil, and then disperse the people of six countries, making it a matter of the Western Qin Dynasty, which has made great achievements so far.

Wang Zhao became a fan, abolished Hou, chased Huayang, strengthened public office, encroached on vassals, and made Qin an emperor. These four monarchs all take the guests' contributions. From this point of view, why did the visiting team lose to Qin Zi! Make the four kings a guest, not a guest, and a scholar without using it, then the country is not rich and beneficial, and the Qin dynasty is nameless and strong.

Today, your majesty presents the jade of Kunshan as a treasure of freedom, hangs the pearl of the bright moon, takes the sword of Tai 'a, rides a horse that leaves the fiber, builds a flag of emerald phoenix and a drum of tree spirits. This number of rare treasures, Qin is not born, tell your majesty, how can you see it?

Qin was born, and then it can be, but it is luminous jade without court decoration; The rhinoceros device is not used for playing well; If the daughters of Zheng and Wei don't fill the harem, their beards must be false stables. Suk Kim in the south of the Yangtze River doesn't need it, nor do painters in the west of Sichuan.

In order to decorate the harem, make up the old, entertain the heart, talk about the eyes and ears, you must be from Qin, and then you can be, as the son of Fu Ji, the clothes of the pillars, the splendid decoration does not advance in the front, but follow the custom and be elegant, and Miss Zhao does not stand on the edge.

The husband plays the urn and the Zheng, but it is really Qin Zhisheng who sings fast; People who write about Zheng, Wei, Sang Jian, Shao, Yu, Wu and Xiang are all happy in a foreign country. Today, I won't knock on the urn, I'll take Zheng and Wei, I'll take Zhao and Yu, and I won't play Zheng. What if it is? I'm satisfied with the present, but I'm just comfortable with it. It's not like this to bring people today.

Don't ask if it is possible, regardless of right and wrong, those who are not Qin will go, and those who are guests will go one by one. However, the most important people care about color, joy, pearls and jade, while the lightest people care about the people. This is not the art of crossing the sea to control princes.

It is said that the land is vast and there are many people, and there are many people in big countries. A strong soldier is brave. It's the mountain ether that won't let the soil, so it can become bigger. Rivers and seas do not choose trickle, so they can be deep; The king is not only popular, so he can understand his virtue.

There is no good place in the old land, no foreign country for the people, beautiful seasons and blessings for ghosts and gods. The reason why these five emperors and three kings are invincible is also. Today, we abandon the leader of Guizhou to the enemy, and the guest is a vassal, which makes the people of the world retreat and dare not go west, and cannot be bound to Qin. This so-called "Koubing stealing food" is also true.

Husband does not produce Qin, but there are many treasures; Scholars were not born in the Qin Dynasty, but were willing to be loyal to many people. Today, it is harmful to the people and the enemy to drive away the guests to the enemy, and it is not necessary to seek the country without danger.

Interpretation of vernacular:

I heard that officials were discussing the dismissal of Ke Qingshi, but privately they thought it was wrong. Once upon a time, Qin Mugong looked for wise men, the West got Yu Yu from Xirong, and the East got Prissy from Wandi. He also welcomed Jian Shu of Song State and recruited Pi Bao and Gong Sunzhi of Jin State. None of these five sages were from Qin, but Qin Mugong attached great importance to them and annexed more than 20 countries, thus dominating Xirong.

Qin Xiaogong adopted Shang Yang's new law, changing customs, making the people rich and the country prosperous. The people are willing to serve the country, and the princes attach it. They defeated the armies of Chu and Wei and occupied thousands of miles of land. So far, they have achieved political stability and strong national strength.

King Hui of Qin adopted Zhang Yi's strategy to capture Sanchuan area, merge Bashu in the west, take counties in the north, take Hanzhong in the south, sweep all the departments of Jiuyi, control the land of Yanying, occupy the natural barrier of elevation in the east, and divide the fertile soil, thus disintegrating the vertical and horizontal alliance of the six countries and making it serve Qin in the west, which has continued to this day. Got it, deposed Hou, expelled Hua Yangjun, strengthened and consolidated the power of the royal family, blocked the situation of monopoly of politics by powerful people, encroached on the territory of governors, and made Qin achieve the great cause of emperors.

These four monarchs all owe their lives to Ke Qingshi. From this perspective, there is nothing wrong with Qin! If the four monarchs refuse to accept distant guests and alienate the wise men without being appointed, this will make the country have no rich strength and the Qin State have no strong reputation.

The beautiful jade your majesty sent to Kunshan has a pearl in the palace, a jewel in He Shen and a jewel in the bright moon. Artest has a sword, a rare thin horse, a flag decorated with jade feathers and a good drum covered with ghost catfish skin. None of these precious things were made by Qin, but your majesty likes them very much. Why?

If it must be produced in Qin state before it can be used, then this luminous Baoyu will never become the decoration of Qin court; Articles carved with rhinoceros horn and ivory will not become your majesty's playthings; Women who can sing and dance well by Zheng and Wei will not fill your majesty's harem; Famous horses in the north will never enrich your stable; Suk Kim in the south of the Yangtze River will not be used by your majesty, nor will painters in the west of Sichuan be used as decorations.

If these things are used to decorate the harem, serve the concubines widely, and are pleasing to the ear, and can only be used if they are planted and produced by the State of Qin, then the hairpins inlaid with precious stones, jade pendants hanging on the ears, silk clothes and gorgeous decorations will not be presented to your majesty; Those enchanting beauties who are leisurely and elegant and can do as the Romans do will not stand beside your majesty.

Knocking on the earth, tapping the mustache and playing the piano, and singing in the dark are really authentic music of Qin State. The songs between Zheng and Wei Sang and Wuxiang are foreign music. Now, your majesty has abandoned Qin's real fight against Tao Le. What he wants is not Qin Zheng, but Yu Shao. Why?

Isn't it because foreign music can meet the needs of eyes and ears? But your majesty will not treat his servants like this. He didn't ask if he was free. Regardless of merits and demerits, anyone who is not Qin should leave and all guests should be expelled. Doing so shows that your majesty only values jade tune; What they despise is the people. This is not the way to control the world and subdue the princes!

It is said that soldiers with vast territory, large population, big country and large population are brave. Therefore, Taishan does not refuse the soil, so it can become high; Rivers, lakes and seas do not abandon the trickle, so it can achieve its profundity; People who are interested in building Wang Ye don't hate people, so they can show their virtues.

The old land is divided into east, west, north and south, and the people are rich all year round, protected by the gods of heaven and earth. This is also the reason why the five emperors and three kings are unparalleled. Abandoning the people to help the enemy and refusing the guests to serve the king made the wise men in the world retreat and dare not go west, which is called "borrowing weapons from the enemy and sending food to the thief."

The article is not produced in Qin State, but there are many precious articles. Many wise men were not born in Qin, but were willing to be loyal. Nowadays, it is impossible to seek a country without danger by helping the enemy, reducing people's wealth, creating emptiness at home and building resentment among princes abroad.

Extended data writing background:

According to Records of the Historian and Biography of Lisi, South Korea sent Zheng Guo, a water conservancy engineer, to lobby Ying Zheng, the king of Qin (later Qin Shihuang), and advocated digging ditches to irrigate the fields in an attempt to consume Qin's manpower and not attack South Korea, so as to implement the plan of "tiring Qin".

When it was discovered, Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, listened to the advice of the imperial clan minister and thought that the guests who came to Qin wanted to swim in Qin, so he ordered the guests to be expelled. Reese is also among the deportees. Despite his sincere fears, before he left, he took the initiative to write a letter to persuade the king of Qin not to expel the guests, and wrote a book "Persuading to expel the guests", which has been circulated throughout the ages. ?

Introduction to the article:

The book of remonstrating and expelling guests is an excellent official document of ancient official script, and it is one of the important contents of the research on applied writing legal official documents. The "book" here is not a letter, but a letter and a memorial. In ancient times, it was a style for courtiers to state their political views to the monarch, and it was a kind of official document name for courtiers to analyze things one by one to the emperor, which was similar to a table.

This paper can fully reflect some essential attributes of official documents, and it is these essential attributes that form the distinctive characteristics of this paper. Firstly, the article narrates the history that the Qin Dynasty has been stronger than customers since Qin Mugong, indicating that the Qin Dynasty may not be stronger without the assistance of customers. Then, it lists the fact that all kinds of female music pearls and jade are loved although they are not produced in Qin, which shows that the king of Qin should not value others but despise himself.

The article has a profound idea, always focusing on the goal of "great unification", and from the height of Qin Wang's unification of the world, positive and negative arguments and simultaneous interests, it explains the importance of strengthening the country with customers. This eloquence and eloquence touched Ying Zheng, the king of Qin, and made him withdraw his marching orders and restore Reese's official position.