Black Baron Roberts, one of the pirates of the Caribbean heroes.
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Three hundred years ago, there were a group of unscrupulous pirates in the Caribbean. They pursued wealth and made a name for themselves. Some of these bad guys were household names at that time, and their reputation has been passed down to this day, such as Captain Morgan, "Big Black Beard", Captain Cheed and Captain Avery. In the eyes of the public, they are villains with chivalrous bones and perhaps soft hearts.
Pirates of the Caribbean
Conflicts between ships, mysterious treasures, guns roaring, swords flying, beautiful women hanging in my heart, brothers can't give up. ...
Hundreds of years ago, the Caribbean was full of bitterness and romance. Making waves on the screen, enjoying it, expressing gratitude and resentment, but what are the real pirates of the Caribbean like in history? Under the leadership of Professor Xu Jianyi, an expert in the history of pirates, let's go back to that legendary era and see the true faces of these maritime heroes.
The sea is vast, and the golden sun is shining all over the tropical sky. The northeast trade wind of the Caribbean swells with white sails, pushing the three-masted ship, which is used for both business and war, slowly forward, carrying gold beads, businessmen, dignitaries and blondes. The sail shadow on the side of the sky has become a warship in front of us, the black skull flag is flying in the wind, and another pirate legend is about to spread. ...
Legends are like shadows, some are clear, some are vague, some are loyal to the original, and some are distorted, but all the shadows come from its physical prototype, just like the movie Pirates of the Caribbean has never been far away from the real people and things in history. The word "Caribbean" means "strong man" in Indian, and the captains, sailors and soldiers who drifted in this sea area hundreds of years ago never let this reputation of bravery and chivalry fail.
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The story told on the screen took place in the 17 ~ 18 century, which was the era when European powers explored, separated and attacked each other in the New World colonies. The Spanish and Portuguese who first arrived in America are already a spent force. Britain, France, the Netherlands and other countries are drooling over the scattered islands in the Caribbean. Because of their unclear ownership, these islands have become the world of pirates. Pirates at this time are not only greedy and vicious criminals or free and heroic knights, but also chess pieces against each other by colonial forces of various countries. Most of them hold "privateering licenses" issued by governments of various countries and engage in "legal" robbery activities that can win glory for their countries.
In such troubled times, there will never be a shortage of heroes and legends.
One of the heroic spectrum of pirates of the Caribbean
The maverick pirate captain
Black baronet
Samuel Roberts (1682- 1722)
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The tattered waist-length vest with luxurious crimson breeches is decorated with jewels in addition to swords, guns and ammunition. This complicated and casual costume makes the cynical Captain Jack the most individual pirate on the screen. Although this Jack has never been seen in history, such an image is not just an artistic form.
There is such a famous pirate captain Roberts in history. He is not only dressed strangely, but also unfamiliar with Jack in luxury goods, and his style is even more maverick. He is handsome; Love gorgeous clothes; There is elegant tea; Doing the business of killing people and stealing goods, but sincerely believing in Christ. In his career of more than two years, the brilliant record of intercepting 400 ships is enough to make him admire his peers all over the world, and Jianghu people call him "Black Baron".
I introduced him to the first pirate because he was the first pirate to strictly enforce his own rules. As an ordinary person, it is difficult to obey the rules, let alone a pirate.
Samuel Roberts, 1682 was born in Wales, England, and served on armed civilian ships in his early years (again, I'm tired of talking about it). When Blackbeard became famous on the American coast, he was the first mate of a merchant ship in Barbados. After nearly 20 years as an ordinary sailor, he finally realized something, and felt that if he continued like this, there would be no more. In this day and age, in the regular labor, the work is very tired and the salary is meager, but here (referring to pirates), you can get plenty of food and clothing, comfort and happiness, freedom and power. Why not, throw caution to the wind, the worst result is just to accept people's contemptuous eyes when hanging. A short life is a happy life, which is my motto. "In this mood, he joined the pirate gang of Captain Davis. Davis was killed in the battle with the Portuguese, and the sailors unanimously elected Roberts as the captain. Roberts soon became the greatest captain at that time with his unique style.
17 19 July, set out under the command of "Royal Tramp". In the place where Davis was killed, in order to settle the blood debt, he leveled the Portuguese colony there and then went south along the African coast. In September, he robbed a fleet of 42 Portuguese merchant ships, then entered the Caribbean and sailed north to Newfoundland to rob those ships crossing the North Atlantic. 1720 In June, the "Royal Tramp" held high the skull flag and swaggered into the port of Trebasa. Roberts ransacked more than 50 ships docked here/kloc-0, and chose the best clippers as his new flagship. Roberts named it "Royal Happiness". Just after leaving the port, he robbed six French merchant ships and was in England.
10 years1October 28th to March1year1October 28th, these pirates robbed 15 British and French ships in Dominica, fought back and sank a Dutch warship with 42 cannons. In the port of St Christopher, which was guarded by heavy artillery, they rushed into the port by boat under fire and took back some sheep (because there was no meat on board). By 172 1, the Caribbean shipping was completely destroyed by him, but they had to turn back to Africa. Somewhere in Libya, when they wanted to exchange some "cheap handicrafts" for cattle and sheep (maybe some glass balls), they clashed with the local people and fought fiercely. It was not until Christmas that the troublemakers returned to their base camp in Sierra Leone.
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Roberts' pirated code
During his pirate career, Roberts always robbed more than 400 ships. He has a very complicated personality connotation. First of all, unlike other pirates, he never drinks strong liquor, only weak tea. He is also a person who pays great attention to the articles of association. Roberts' copy of the ship's regulations wrote:
1. Everyone has equal voting rights in all daily affairs.
Second, people who steal associates' property should be abandoned on a desert island.
Three, it is strictly prohibited to gamble on the ship.
Fourth, turn off the lights at eight in the evening.
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Five, are not allowed to wear dirty weapons, everyone should always scrub their guns and knives.
Six, are not allowed to take children aboard, to lure women to death.
Seven, escape from the cold war death.
Eight, it is strictly prohibited to fight privately, but you can duel in the presence of a notary, and those who kill their companions will be tied to death and thrown into the sea (the Royal Navy has similar regulations).
9. Disabled people in combat can stay on the ship without working and get 800 Spanish silver coins from "public savings".
Ten, when sharing stolen goods, the captain and the helmsman are divided into two parts, gunner, chef, doctor and boatswain can be divided into one and a half, other professionals into a quarter, ordinary sailors each get one point.
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Other pirate ships have similar regulations, but Roberts is the most stringent one. Because of this behavior, he got the nickname "Black Baron". These "Ten Commandments" of pirates, in the words of later historians, are full of "primitive democracy".
On the morning of February 1722, 10, the Royal Swallow, a cruiser of the British Royal Navy, encountered the Royal Happiness at Cape Lopez, not far from Prince Island where Captain Davis was killed. In the fierce battle, a shrapnel exploded Roberts' throat and he died on the spot. Legend has it that his helmsman, a tough guy who kills without blinking an eye, completely ignores the bullets around him and cries like a child holding his body. Bartholomew roberts, the last great captain in the history of pirates, ended his "happy and short" life. With the departure of the last protagonist, the "30-year golden age of piracy" has slowly come to an end on the historical stage.
Pirates of the Caribbean, Heroes Part II, Captain Kidd
From bandit captain to Jiang Yang thief
William kidd {1645-1701}
Will turner, the vicious blacksmith in the movie, can't accept anything after learning that his father is a pirate. However, in the Caribbean in the17th century, the boundary between good and evil was so blurred that even the government forces that arrested pirates were not without examples.
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Captain Kidd is the most legendary pirate in the Caribbean. In modern western pirate literature, he is a typical romantic pirate image, but his nickname is not very romantic, so he is called "Captain Kidd" in Jianghu. Captain Kidd's private wealth is also the only pirate treasure that can be tested in history. Today, many people are tirelessly looking for the so-called Kidd treasure.
William kidd is a controversial captain. He is a wealthy Scottish immigrant. He used to be a war hero, then became a bounty hunter, and was finally executed for piracy, but he refused to admit that he was a pirate until his death.
He is the most famous guy in the history of pirates and has the title of "King of Pirates". To this day, there are still people who are tirelessly looking for the legendary treasure belonging to Captain Kidd. His name has been repeatedly mentioned in various movies and novels, and even became synonymous with "pirates". But in fact, he is an unprecedented unlucky guy in the history of pirates, and no one is more unlucky than him. He is famous because all this once again proves the famous saying that tragedy is more shocking than comedy.
William kidd was born about 1645, the son of a priest in greenock. Like Ebri, he sailed with the ship when he was a child. When he immigrated to the United States at the age of 20, he was already an experienced and highly skilled captain. 1689 When Britain and France went to war, he was already a wealthy businessman, but he was still recruited as the captain of a pro-democracy armed ship in Wudang. In the West Indies and the Caribbean, he fought against the French, made many meritorious deeds, and even won a personal award from the Queen of England. After returning home, I got married and had children in new york, and bought real estate. (In Manhattan, there is still the former residence of Captain Kidd. Everything is so smooth, without any ominous signs.
1695, Kidd passed through London on his business trip. By chance, he was introduced by an acquaintance to the new governor of New York, Lord Irish aristocracy Belomon, and his unfortunate old age began. At that time, the British government was worried about pirates in the east. Although the East India Company has repeatedly urged the Royal Navy to come, Britain and France are at war and the Royal Navy can't get out. In some cases, Belomon proposed to gather some powerful people to invest in the operation of a pro-democracy armed ship. The task of the ship is to attack the pirate ship, recapture the robbed property, let the public fight against the arrogance of pirates, and privately wash the robbed money and put it in their pockets. Why not? As for the captain, we need to find someone who is honest and reliable and has rich sailing experience. They chose Kidd, and Kidd also said that they could "try".
In June of 5438+ 10, all investors have been found. Four dignitaries, including the Minister of the Navy, jointly launched the operation. Belomon and Kidd signed an agreement in the summer, stipulating that 65% of Kidd's "income" will go to investors, Kidd himself will get 15%, and the rest will go to sailors. Kidd also got a "power of attorney for civilian ships" and an imperial decree. Among them are Henry Every and thomas tew (in fact, Thomas died a month ago, but the news didn't come). Kidd hesitated at first, but Belomon threatened him that if he didn't go to sea, he would be disloyal to the king, and the secretary of the navy promised to support him. So in 65438+February, Kidd embarked on an "adventure" journey. He was filled with joy, thinking that he had a strong backer and would succeed soon. Little did he know that the ship caused the first trouble before it sailed out of the Thames. His crew offended the Royal Navy because they behaved rudely. As a result, a large group of soldiers flocked to the boat and took Kidd's best sailors away, but Kidd had to temporarily recruit a mob and rush on the road.
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For a whole year, the "Adventure" floated in the Atlantic Ocean without encountering any pirate ships, and was bullied by the Royal Navy everywhere. Kidd is in a bad mood. To make matters worse, the sailors began to complain, and some even incited everyone to be pirates. In order to stabilize the situation, Kidd was forced to sail to the Red Sea, where he secretly robbed several Indian merchant ships and distributed the property to sailors, unintentionally violating the first agreement between him and his patron, and from.
/kloc-On the night of August, 0/4, he sailed the Expedition into a "French fleet" outside the port of Muha (at least he thought so), and the Expedition began to attack the next morning. He first destroyed the main mast of a merchant ship, and then exchanged fire with the oncoming escort. To his great surprise, the other party actually raised the M flag. Unfortunately, Kidd did it.
The East India Company and the Royal Navy also submitted reports to the government. Kidd's backstage bosses were afraid of a scandal, but no one stood up for him. The admiralty responded quickly. On the one hand, it sent a fleet to arrest the adventure, on the other hand, it informed Kidd's behavior in the colony and demanded that "the governors should arrest him as long as they saw it." Ironically, Kidd also issued a wanted order. Moreover, Henry Every, which he has been pursuing unremittingly, has been ranked in the top two. Kidd, who is hard to argue, can only seek non-British ports and make a living by robbery, but he always believes that with the documents in his hand, as long as he can return to England, he will definitely clarify the facts.
In this way, Kidd's fleet sailed into a small port in Madagascar in April 1, 6698. This small port is a gathering place of pirates in St. Mary's, and the pirate ship "Mocha" of Captain Robert Carver is anchored here. Naive Kidd still thinks he is a pirate catcher, and even orders to open fire on pirates, but his sailors refuse to do so. Desperate Kidd chose the latter and officially became a pirate, but he always thought he was innocent and firmly believed that "as long as he returned to England, everything would be easy."
On June 1699, 10, three years after Kidd left home, his ship docked at Oster Bay in North America, where he wrote a letter to Belomon in Boston asking for his support. Belomon readily promised to swindle Kidd to the port, and immediately ordered Kidd to be arrested and his home copied after taking back several documents that could be used as evidence.
Kidd was sent to Newgate Prison in London. Because all the evidence was taken away by Belomon, he could not prove his innocence. On the contrary, a large number of ship owners who had been robbed by him testified against him. On May 9th, 170 1, in a "formal trial", he was found guilty and hanged. In this way, the famous captain Kidd, a former naval hero, became a victim of politics. In order to warn other pirates, Kidd's body was tarred and hung by the Thames with iron rings for years. Seagulls pecked at his eyes, wild dogs barked at his rotting body, but his treasure was never found, which became an eternal legend with his bumpy legendary experience.
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1701On May 23rd, Kidd London Wharf was hanged. The rope broke the first time I went to the gallows. But the executor ignored it and hanged him for the second time. William kidd's body was tarred, chained, put in an iron cage and placed on the river bank to warn others who want to be pirates in the next twenty years.
There are different opinions about william kidd's deeds after his trip to the Indian Ocean. Put yourself in his shoes. He must deal with all kinds of enemies. Including jealous British naval officers, difficult East India Company officials and mutinous sailors. The story that he was framed is not completely unbelievable, but the charges against him seem to be conclusive. How much background does he have? Whether it's a patriot, a wealthy businessman, a bounty hunter, a coerced pirate or a pure pirate captain, I'm afraid no one can tell. Today, many Scots still regard him as one of the great figures in Scottish history and a hero.
Kidd's words before his death:
When I was riding a horse at sea, everyone called me Captain Kidd.
When I was riding on the sea, I did all the bad things and broke God's law.
When I galloped on the sea, I wandered around looking for prey and burning and killing prisoners;
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When I was riding a horse on the sea not far from the shore, I killed William Moore and watched him bleed to death.
Farewell, sailors, old and young, they are drinking and having fun. I have to go now. Come and find my treasure!
Farewell, beautiful Lunong Town girl. I have to go. No one will forgive me.
Goodbye, I'm leaving, suffering endlessly and being buried. ...