When the subjects of time adverbial clauses and cause adverbial clauses are consistent with the subject of the main clause, the clauses can be changed into participle adverbial phrases. The changed sentence subject (original subject) becomes the logical subject of word segmentation. The specific rewriting method is as follows: 1 When the predicate verb of the clause is the general tense or progressive tense of the active voice, change the clause into the present participle phrase of the general form. For example, when she saw the jewels, she jumped for joy. She jumped for joy at the sight of the jewels. As soon as he saw those jewels, he jumped for joy. When Crusoe was walking on the beach, he saw a man's footprints in the sand. Crusoe was walking on the beach and saw a man's footprints in the sand. When Crusoe was walking along the beach, he saw someone's footprints on the beach. When the predicate part of the clause is a systematic structure of "be+ adjective or noun", the clause is changed into the present participle phrase of "be+ predicate". For example, because she is a tailor, she knows how to deal with this material. As a tailor, she knows how to deal with this material. Because she is a tailor, she knows how to deal with this cloth. The predicate verb of the clause is the general tense of the passive voice, and the clause is changed into the past participle phrase. For example, under the leadership of the Party, people's living standards have been greatly improved. Under the leadership of the Party, the people have greatly improved their living conditions. Under the leadership of the Party, people's living conditions have been greatly improved. When the predicate part of the clause is the system table structure of "be+ past participle", the clause is changed to past participle phrase. For example, because he was full of new ideas, the young man invented many kinds of modern machines. The young man was full of new ideas and invented many kinds of modern machines. When the predicate verb of the clause is complete, the clause is changed to complete the present participle phrase. For example, since I had seen him before, I recognized him easily. I met him before and recognized him easily. When we visited the laboratory, we were taken to the library. After seeing the lab, we were taken to the library. 6 the clause is guided by after, the predicate verb is in the general tense, and the clause is changed to the present perfect participle phrase. For example, she lit the candle and went out. After lighting the candle, she went out. When the clause is negative, turn it into a negative participle phrase, that is, "not+ participle phrase". For example, because he didn't know what to do, he asked me for help. Not knowing what to do, he asked me for help. Because the work was not done well, everything had to be reworked. When the clause follows the subject, the rewritten participle phrase should be at the beginning of the sentence. Seen from the mountain, this park is very beautiful. Seen from the mountain, the park looks very beautiful. When the clause is a noun as the subject, the noun should be changed to the subject position of the main clause, and then the clause should be rewritten. For example, this factory was awarded a medal because it was rated as the best factory in the city. This factory is considered to be the best in the city, so it was awarded a medal. 10 If the tense of the clause introduced by when or while is progressive, you can change the clause to "when(while)+ present participle phrase", which can be placed at the beginning or at the end of the sentence.