(2) When the people of Qi heard that he was very talented, they asked him to be your minister.
This topic examines the translation ability of classical Chinese. When answering this question, we should pay attention to the explanation of key words and the accurate expression of sentence patterns, especially the standardized expression of modern Chinese, which generally adopts literal translation. For example, in (1), we should pay attention to the accurate interpretation of "apprentice" and "behavior"; (2) In the second paragraph, we should pay attention to the explanation of "first" and complete the ellipsis "Wei Xiang".
Reference translation:
Fan Li served Gou Jian, the King of Yue, and worked with him for more than 20 years. Finally, he destroyed the State of Wu and cleared Huiji's shame. The Vietnamese army marched north into the Huaihe River and reached the border of Qi and Jin, ordering all countries in the Central Plains to respect Zhou Shi. Gou Jian occupied the dominant position and Fan Li became a general. After returning home, Fan Li thought that fame would not last long. Besides, as a man, Gou Jian can share joys and sorrows with him, but he can't share joys and sorrows with him. So he packed up some soft gems, took his men across the ocean privately, and never returned home.
Arrived in Qi State by boat, changed his name and surname, farmed by the sea, and the father and son jointly managed the industry. After a short life, he accumulated hundreds of thousands of property. When the people of Qi heard that he was very talented, they asked him to be your minister. Fan Li sighed: "If you live at home, you will accumulate thousands of dollars of wealth. If you are an official, you will reach a high position. This is the highest position that ordinary people can reach. It is unlucky to enjoy a prominent reputation for a long time. "So he returned to Xiangyin, gave all his possessions to his bosom friends and neighbors, secretly left and lived in Tao Di, calling himself Tao Zhugong.
2. The shame story of celebrities showing off their wealth 1. Shi Chong and Wang Kai are richer than the rich. They both decorate their chariots, horses and clothes with the brightest and most gorgeous things.
Emperor Wu of Jin was Wang Kai's nephew and often helped Wang Kai. He once gave Wang Kai a two-foot coral tree. This coral tree is flourishing, and few other trees in the world can match it.
Wang Kai showed Shi Chong the coral tree. When Shi Chong saw it, he knocked on it with a latte, and it broke immediately. Wang Kai felt sorry and thought that Shi Chong was jealous of his treasure. His voice and expression are harsh when he speaks.
Shi Chong said, "It's not worth getting angry about. I'll pay you now. " So I asked my men to take out all the coral trees at home. Three feet and four feet tall have unparalleled trunks and branches, and there are six or seven dazzling ones, and even more Rainbow Kay.
Wang Kai felt very lost after reading it. -2. The story of Shi Chong and Lvzhu; Green beads (? ~ 300) A native of Lvluo Village, Shuangfeng Town, Bobai County, Guangxi Province, was born at the foot of Shuangjiao Mountain and was the concubine of Shi Chong in the Western Jin Dynasty.
During the reign of Taikang in the Western Jin Dynasty, Shi Chong passed by Bobai as an interview envoy and marveled at the beauty of the Green Pearl. She took Sanying (Shiying) pearls as a concubine, and built Jingu Garden in Luoyang, the imperial capital, which was 100 feet high and could reach as far as Nantian to comfort her homesickness. Lvzhu is beautiful and gorgeous. She is good at playing the flute and dancing "Ming Jun" written by Shi Chong (that is, "Wang Mingjun Ci Xu Lian", which was the earliest literature to praise Wang Zhaojun), so Shi Chong is the only one who loves Lvzhu among many concubines.
Every time Shi Chong gave a banquet in Jinguyuan, she ordered Lvzhu to come out to sing, dance and drink, and everyone who watched it lost his soul. Therefore, Lvzhu's reputation is famous all over the world. Shi Chong took refuge in Krabi of the imperial court. Later, Krabi was punished, and Shi Chong was implicated and dismissed.
At that time, Sima Lun, the king of Zhao, was authoritarian, and Sun Xiu, who was attached to Wang Lun of Zhao, secretly loved Green Pearl. Now that Shi Chong has been removed from office, he has openly sent someone to ask Shi Chong for the Green Pearl. Shi Chong called out dozens of geisha around him for the messenger to choose.
The messenger said, these geisha around you are really beautiful, but I've come to ask for the Green Pearl by name. Shi Chong flew into a rage: "The green bead is my love and I can't give it to you."
Because Shi Chong insisted on not giving it, Sun Xiu was furious and suggested that Zhao punish Shi Chong. Zhao sent troops to kill Wang Lun.
When the soldiers who came to arrest Shi Chong appeared at the entrance of Jinguyuan, Shi Chong said to Lvzhu, "I am guilty now because of you." Green Pearl said with tears, "If only I could die before you and not let the thief succeed!" " "Then he fell dead.
Shi Chong was killed by mutinous soldiers in Dongshi.
3. The basic explanation of the meaning of shame in classical Chinese:
ashamed
slow
Shame: shame. Revenge. Great shame. Laugh and scold.
wave
Number of strokes:10;
Radical: ear;
Number of strokes:12211121.
Explain in detail:
ashamed
ashamed
slow
name
(voice. From the heart, from the ear. Original meaning: shame, shameful thing)
Inner shame ["shame"] caused by damaged reputation
Shame, shame. -"Shuo Wen"
Don't engage in * * *. -"Twenty-nine years of Gu Liangchuan's" xianggong "
There is shame in doing your own thing. -The Analects of Confucius
The disgrace of the king of Yue. -"Lu Chunqiu Shunmin"
It is also shameful to suffer from lack of ambition. -"Mandarin, Vietnamese"
There are many people who will do it in the future, and there is no shame. -Liu Song Kay "Ask and Say"
Another example is: * * (regardless of (knowing) shame); Shame (shame; Indecent); Shame (sense of shame)
Shame [shame]
Sit up and be shameless. -Liu Ji's "Orange Man's Words"
Another example: shame (shame); Shame and fear (shame and fear)
ashamed
slow
move
Humiliate; Insult [insult]
Don't be ashamed to be drunk. -"Poetry Xiaoya Bing's First Banquet"
Zuo Qiuming is ashamed of it, and Qiu is ashamed of it. -"The Analects of Confucius Gongye Chang"
Another example: shame (shame)
pubic bone
chǐgǔ
[pubis] One of the irregular bones surrounding the pelvis, located in the front and lower part of the pelvis, one on the left and the other on the right.
Shame and scold
Thousands of miles away
Laugh and [abuse].
Be humiliated and scolded
ashamed
chǐrǔ
[shame; Shame; Shame] shame; insult
A shame that can never be washed away.
laugh
The Songs of Chu
"sneeze essence"; Keep it up. Keep it up. Toridicule] contempt and ridicule.
If you want to retreat, you will be laughed at by Shu soldiers. -Romance of the Three Kingdoms
4. Original translation of classical Chinese.
Since the state of Wu pardoned the state of Yue, Gou Jian, the king of Yue, rebelled, but he was too worried about his health to sit down. When he sat down, he was afraid of eating and drinking. Yue: "Have you forgotten the shame and sin you want to remember?" Self-cultivation, wife self-weaving; Eating without meat, clothes are not heavy; Welcome guests under the saint's day; Shake the poor and hang the poor, and work with the people.
translate
The King of Wu has pardoned the King of Yue, and Gou Jian, the King of Yue, is always thinking about how to restore the country, so he thinks hard every day and hangs a gallbladder on his seat. Before sitting down to rest and lying down to sleep every day, he should look up and taste the courage, before eating and drinking water. He often says to himself, "Have you forgotten the shame you suffered on Kuaiji Mountain?" He farmed his own fields, and his wife wore her own clothes. Every meal he eats has almost no meat and vegetables, and the clothes he wears have no bright colors. He demeans himself to the talented people below, gives gifts to guests, helps the poor, mourns the dead and works hard with the people.
5. About the classical Chinese of honor and disgrace, know honor and stop shame.
Understand the root of Rong Ming's shame.
Knowing shame, reason and responsibility in Ming history.
He who knows others is wise, and he who knows himself is wise. -Lao Tzu
Be thick, not thin; Actually, it is not in China. -Lao Tzu
Because of Tao, people are exempt from punishment and * * *; Morality, courtesy, shame and dignity. -The Analects of Confucius
Be careful, even when you are alone, don't speak ill or do bad things, and learn to be more ashamed in front of yourself than others. -democritus
Shame borders on courage. Confucius
1, don't be proud of the nobility of others. -[Ancient Greece] Aesop's Fables Aesop's Fables
2. Honor before benefit, and shame after honor. Honor is always ordinary, and shame is always poor. -Xunzi
Let others praise you rather than praise yourself. -[Ancient Greece] democritus's "Pieces of Works"
There is no shame in admitting poverty. On the contrary, it is really shameful not to try to change poverty. -Thucydides
5. Just because you forgot to humiliate yourself, it won't hurt you to come here. Yan Hui
6. Whoever regrets without shame will regret for life. -[Germany] Schiller "Tang? Carlos "
7, people have a sense of shame-they will be smarter. -[Sue] Evtushenko "Come on, children! 》
8. Those who are clear in nature are glorious, while those who are turbid are humiliated. -Zuo Fen
9, the heart is right and wrong, and the words are honor and disgrace. -Xu Hun
10, poor is poor and ignorant, base is shameless. -Li: "The remaining draft of the Chinese character of medicine"
1 1, the humble are respected, and the poor are respected. -Jia Yi: "Newspeak? Our bank "
12, shame is greater than shame. -"Wen Zi Guan Lang"
13, your base number is cheap, and the base number is below high. -Laozi: Tao Te Ching
14, humble and poor, not ashamed of being a scholar. -Liu Xiang: "Shuo Yuan Ding Jie"
15, gain and loss once, honor and disgrace for a thousand years. -Ye Fan: Biography of Xun Yue in the Later Han Dynasty.
16, reputation is the second life of life. -Greti
17, money is precious, and the price of honor is higher. -Tacitus Chenius: The epilogue.
18, keeping promises is the guarantee of credibility. -French proverb
19, tripping over the same stone twice can be said to be a great shame. Cicero: Letters to friends.
20. Where there is cowardice, there is shame. Romanian proverb?
2 1, the responsibility of sharing weal and woe, caring about yourself and not caring about people. Wei Zhi
22. Avoid shame, but don't pursue glory. Nothing is more expensive than honor. Sydney? Smith (last name)
23. There is no difference between the desire for glory and the life-saving instinct shared by all living things. Being able to pin your life on other people's memories seems to lengthen your life a little; Glory is our new life, as precious as natural life. -Montesquieu
24. Those who sincerely hope to get the initial and permanent glory don't mind the temporary glory. -Gide
25. Glory often does not come along the glorious road, and sometimes it can only be obtained through the distant secular road. -At most? Sparrows
26. Glory is our new life, as precious as natural life. -Montesquieu
27. Good people strive for each other, while brave people insult each other. -Lin Bu
28. Beautiful places of interest are better than wealth, and kindness is better than gold and silver. anonymous
29. Poverty is not a shame, but it is a shame to be ashamed of poverty. Trust? Shrinking worker
It is shameful to yield to authority. anonymous
3 1, death is terrible. A life of shame is particularly annoying. -Shakespeare
32. The most shameful thing is those who attack their ancestors and their shadows, don't understand the prophet, and are arrogant. The best glory should come from our own actions, not from our families. -Shakespeare
33. Those who have no virtue will be punished, and those who have no righteousness will be punished. People with low morality are respected, while those with poor righteousness are respected. -Lu Jia
34, gain and loss once, honor and disgrace for a thousand years. anonymous
35. It is better to be rich than poor, and it is better to be ashamed than dead. -Wang
36. If you see what you want, don't worry about what you hate. If you see what you can benefit from, you won't care about what you can hurt. If you move, you will fall, if you do, you will be humiliated and hurt. -Xunzi
37. Seeing the humiliation of the city people, the more I can't forget it; The shame of a gentleman lasts forever. -Qian Qi
38. A gentleman who is not interested in righteousness will be ashamed of peace! -Confucius
Celebrities have different degrees of attachment to life, so they are also sensitive to glory. -Montesquieu
40. If you are going to seek happiness, don't become famous. The greatest glory lies not in never wrestling, but in getting up every time you fall. Goldsmith
6. Classical Chinese heard the answer of gentleman's shame. Read the following classical Chinese and answer the questions after the text.
Xu Zi said: "Zhong Ni called water and said,' water, water!'" "How to get it from the water? Mencius said: "The source of gangsters, staying up all night, is backward and everywhere. If you have this, you can take it. Without a foundation, if it rains in July and August, the ditch will be full and dry, and you can still stand and wait. Therefore, I have heard that the gentleman is ashamed. "
1. Please translate the underlined sentences in the text.
(1) Take the source.
Water has this inexhaustible characteristic. This was taken by Confucius.
(2) When a gentleman hears about it, he is ashamed. "
Therefore, the reputation exceeds the actual situation, and the gentleman must be ashamed of it.
2. What kind of thoughts does this excerpt show about Mencius?
Use water to compare people's moral quality, emphasize seeking truth from facts, and oppose a person's reputation being inconsistent with the actual situation.
7. Li Su's translation of the classical Chinese "Li Su" won an official position by virtue of his father's merits, and was awarded the official positions of Wei Wei and Shao Qing. Li Su is good at strategy and riding and shooting. In the 11th year of Yuanhe, the imperial court sent troops to crusade against Wu Yuanji and Cai Zhou. In July, Gao Xia was defeated by Tang and Deng under our time, and Yuan Zi was appointed commander-in-chief by the court. Yuan Zi's battle is also invalid. Li Su went to see the emperor, hoping to serve in the army. Li, the prime minister, also thought that he was talented and could be appointed, so he was appointed as the envoy of Sui, Tang and Deng. After Tang Jun's defeat, morale was low. Li Su anticipated this situation and did not reorganize the army. Some people think that he should not rectify the army, saying, "The rebels are content with the leniency of Yuan Shangshu's command, and I don't want them to be more prepared." So he lied to the three armies and said, "The emperor knows that I am weak and can bear the shame of defeat, so let me comfort you. Fighting is not my business. " The soldiers all believed in it and were happy about it. Li Su personally comforted the wounded soldiers. The rebels thought they had defeated General Yuan Zi, because Li Su's reputation was not what they feared, and they didn't strengthen their defense. Li Su is calm and brave, good at strategizing, and can treat soldiers with sincerity, so he can give full play to the low and declining morale of soldiers, which the traitors did not expect. Half a year later, Li Su thought that the army could undertake the combat mission, and the weapons and equipment were well prepared, so he planned to raid Cai Zhou. Li Su had caught Ding Shiliang, a rebel general, and asked him to interrogate him. Ding Shiliang did not yield in words and spirit. Li Su thought he was different and untied him. Hearing this, Ding Shiliang said with emotion, "Wu Xiulin is a rebellious general, with thousands of soldiers under his command. It is difficult to defeat him quickly. I can make Wu Xiulin surrender. " Li Su followed his advice, and in December, Wu Xiulin led three thousand troops to surrender. Li Su sent Wu Xiulin's army to attack Wu Fang county, occupy its outer city, and retreat after winning. Some people suggested that Li Su take advantage of this situation to attack Wu Fang County. Li Su said, "If you take it, the rebels will gather their troops to defend their nests. It is better to let it disperse their forces. "
At the beginning, when Wu Xiulin surrendered, Li Su rode alone to his camp to talk with him, and personally untied him and made him a temporary official. Wu Xiulin appreciates his kindness and hopes to make contributions. He said to him, "if you want to defeat the traitor, you must get Li you." There is nothing I can do. " Li You is a cavalry general of the rebel army. He is brave and resourceful, guarding the bridge gate, often abusing and despising the loyalist, which is hard to prevent. Then he called Shi Yongcheng, the commander-in-chief, and said, "Today, Li You led troops to Zhangzhai to harvest wheat. You can lead 300 cavalry to ambush in the Woods next to the wheat field, and then send soldiers to wave flags in front of the wheat field to indicate that the wheat field will be burned. Li You has always despised our army, and he will definitely pursue it rashly. If you lead light cavalry to rob him, you will surely capture Li You alive. " According to his expectation, Shi Yongcheng and others really captured Li You alive and returned. Li Su personally lifted the shackles of Li You, and treated him as a guest, letting him temporarily disperse the military forces, allowing him to patrol the guards with his sword, and freely entering and leaving the chancellors, without any suspicion against him. Li Su often summoned Li You when he was free, and refused others to talk to him, sometimes until midnight. Li Su knows more about the actual situation of traitors.
Li was appointed as the minister of various ministries in Tang Jun, and the rebels used all their elite soldiers to resist Li. So, Li Su took the traitor by surprise and prepared a surprise attack on Cai Zhou in October. /kloc-on the night of 0/0, it was dark, raining and snowing. Li Su asked Li You to lead 3000 commandos as pioneers, and Li Su personally led Zhong Jun to war. The traitor relied on the firmness and ease of Wu Fang County, and no one noticed it. Li You dug a hole in the wall and took the lead in boarding the city. Brave and elite soldiers followed him, killed all the soldiers guarding the gate and boarded the gate. When Wu Yuanji surrendered, Li Su took him to Beijing in a prison van.