The expansion of Phoenicians began in 8 15 BC, when merchants from Tyre established Carthage in North Africa. In the end, her colonists spread all over the Mediterranean and Atlantic coasts, which also brought prosperous maritime trade to the city. However, prosperity and strength also attracted the enemy's covet. At the beginning of the 6th century BC, King Nebuchadnezzar II of Babylon besieged the city with high walls. 13 years later, Tyre stood tall and unyielding. But it may also be that the residents of mainland cities completely abandoned the island at that time. In 332 BC, King Alexander occupied this strategically important coastal base in the war between Greece and Persia. Unable to sweep the city in one battle, King Alexander blocked the city for seven months, and Tyre was put to the test again. However, the rulers used the remnants of abandoned mainland cities to build offensive sidewalks, which once reached the city wall. Alexander used his siege machine to keep attacking and finally broke through the fortifications. It is said that Alexander was extremely angry at the stubborn resistance of tires and the heavy losses of his men, and thus destroyed half the city. The town's 30,000 residents were either slaughtered or sold into slavery. In 64 BC, Tyre and the whole ancient Syria were ruled by Rome, and Tyre still minted his own silver coins for some time. The Romans built many important monuments in this city, including a ditch, an Arc de Triomphe and the largest arena among ancient ruins. Christian figures in Tyre's history are mentioned many times in the New Testament. In the Eastern Roman Empire, Archbishop Tyre was the leader of all Phoenician bishops. At that time, the city experienced its second glorious period, which can be confirmed by its existing architectural relics and inscriptions plundered by Arab Muslim troops in 634 AD and placed in the city-state of the grand cemetery. The city continued to prosper under the new ruler without resistance, exporting sugar, pearl products and glass in large quantities. With the decline of Arab rule and Banu Ackell rule, Tyre gained some independence. During this period, the city of Tyre was decorated with fountains, and the market was full of exquisite goods, including carpets, gold and silver jewelry and so on. Thanks to the strong fortifications of Tyre City, Tyre City resisted the powerful attack of the Crusaders, but unfortunately it fell in 1 124. Crusaders ruled here for about 180 years, and Mamlukus recaptured the city in 129 1 year, and then the city entered the16th century in gradual decline. With the end of World War I, Tyre was completely incorporated into the new country-Lebanon.