As we all know, our planet shows amazing biodiversity. It is full of complex ecosystem, inhabited by many creatures with unique connection with the surrounding environment. This correlation is particularly important for a thriving ecosystem, and imbalance will cause great harm to animals and plants.
A peaceful ecosystem provides the necessary standards for natural evolution, thus creating complex interdependence among different people and enabling companies to see various lifestyles.
The category of coral ecosystem is not limited to the population in water, but also harms the land animals inside us. Whether it is based on natural medicines or as a tourist attraction, it is conducive to giving them food, maintaining the sea area and creating employment opportunities for them. According to statistics, in the United States alone, the annual use value of coral reefs reaches $654.38+072 billion.
As terrestrial animals, people's excessive fishing, environmental pollution, air pollutant discharge and many other dangerous personal behaviors pose a great threat to the biodiversity of coral reefs. In order to better maintain and maintain the vibrant coral ecosystem, we must know what they are and how they come into being.
Coral is a deep-sea arthropod, belonging to the class Corallina. Coral structure type is coral, which is slender cylinder and large vase-shaped. Coral lives in a slender column of polymeric bacteria, just like a tin teapot with one side open. At the end of the coral mouth, there is a mouth surrounded by a round tentacle tv. The ingredients given by this tentacle TV come from, because they have unique somatic cells like ciliate cysts, which makes corals have the ability to capture small creatures passing by.
Coral reproduction is very unique, because they can be male, female or even monoecious, so corals can reproduce asexually and asexually.
Their sexual reproduction is replicated in disintegration or germination. When a coral is completely disintegrated, it will create a completely consistent coral. When all bacteria disintegrate and produce a new and independent bacterium, it will produce pan-entertainment.
Sexual reproduction requires fertilization between eggs and male sperm, which may be produced in different bacteria, thus causing great species diversity. This insemination causes the larvae to swing at will, which makes the larvae base precipitate on the product and become corals. This may take a long time or a week, but in some cases, it only takes many hours.
The structure of coral reef includes coral ecosystem and hard skeleton composed of calcium bicarbonate. The formation of coral reefs is caused by an important interdependence between corals and a unicellular algae called zooxanthellae. This algae plant carries out plant photosynthesis and enjoys some components with its host. On the contrary, corals give algae some much-needed nutrients. This distribution makes corals grow rapidly, which is conducive to the construction of huge coral reefs, provided that they are not destroyed or endangered by human species.
Insect yellow algae use sunlight to complete plant photosynthesis to make food, and use this "food" as a special tool to exchange nutrients with corals. They also metabolize calcium bicarbonate, creating a hard coral reef framework. Coral reefs generally grow slowly, about an inch a year, but we find that fast-growing coral reefs grow at a rate of 6 feet a year.
Most coral reefs are called "marginal coral reefs" because they grow in shallow waters very close to islands or inland bays, and are very easy to be found at the edge of the ocean near land.
There are also some coral reefs that are produced around volcanic islands. When the volcano is about to die out, it will move down, while the coral reefs that have been growing on the surface are still exposed, usually producing a detailed or not detailed ring. A lagoon is formed between the moving island and coral reef, leaving only the coral reef close to the "natural barrier" around the volcano. This is called an atoll.
After coral dies, coral reefs will disintegrate into pieces and become closer and closer. The service life of an ecosystem ranges from decades to hundreds of years, and some can even survive for 4000 years! This is also determined by the tree rings produced by coral reefs. Just like the tree rings found in trees, the difference is that the ring patterns on corals can also help infer the ancient climate. The world's largest coral reef, Australia's Great Barrier Reef, grew gradually in about 2 million years.
The rising level of carbon dioxide on the earth is worrying, because it will lead to melting glaciers and ocean acidification. The rise of water level leads to the loss of zooxanthellae which helps corals get food. This situation is called coral bleaching, and under its constant action, the coral ecosystem will slowly die completely. The acid-base deep sea also makes it difficult for corals to produce coral reefs on the framework of calcium bicarbonate. If alkalization intensifies, it will also destroy the present corals. Experts made a devastating prediction and analysis: by 2080, the alkalization level of the deep sea will be enough to melt all the coral reefs in the world.
Therefore, in order to better maintain coral reefs, in addition to taking reasonable actions to solve climate problems, it is also necessary to create stable fishing methods. Obviously, the coral reefs preserved today are healthier physically and mentally, and the number of corals is also increasing steadily. According to a new project called "ARMS", we plant structures similar to coral reefs in the deep sea, imitate the characteristics of sulfide framework, and intervene in difficult ecosystems to attract small and medium-sized deep-sea arthropods.
This kind of "deep-sea engineering building" is colorful and beautiful. Besides decorative design, it has high efficacy and function, but its efficacy in the natural environment is also hard to reach. Coral is a kind of organism with narrow adaptability, which has strict standards for the quality of the natural environment and is more sensitive to the changes of the natural environment, so it can play a key role in evaluating air pollution.
The close combination of moderate maintenance and disturbance is particularly important for the survival of coral reefs. Otherwise, we can basically meet. People will never see such a magnificent natural scenery again, let alone future generations.