Double technique-lift, throw, twist, death spiral, single/combination rotation.
Ice dancing technique-lifts and dance steps
Sliding foundation-edge quality, knee flexion, free leg, sliding speed, etc.
The 4t 3t 3lo you mentioned is the types of jumps, namely: Axel, Lutz, Tiptoe, Salchu, Flip and Loop. Axel is the hardest and toe ring is the simplest.
Method of distinguishing jumps
1.axle is easy to distinguish, and it is the only jump that takes off forward in the sixth jump.
2.salchow takes off with his feet open.
3. When 3.loop takes off, the feet cross.
4toe loop slides backwards when taking off, and then points ice on the left foot.
5.5. When Flip takes off, slide forward and then ice with your right foot.
6.6. When Lutz takes off, slide his right foot backwards and get ready to take off with ice.
All three-week jumps or four-week jumps are only allowed to be repeated twice, and must be repeated in joint jumps and continuous jumps.
A single jump of three or four weeks without repetition in the joint jump and the continuous jump will be regarded as a failure.
The joint jump completed by the work is included in the joint jump with only one jumping action. If you make three links.
Combination jump or continuous jump, and repeated single jump in the future can be regarded as additional action and will not be considered. nobody
Three-week or four-week jumps can be tried more than twice.
Scoring rules of figure skating
First, the basic principles of calculation
1. Each action has a basic value, which is marked in the scoring table.
2. Each referee gives each action a score (GOE) according to seven grades, and each grade has corresponding addition and subtraction points, which are also marked in the score table.
3. The execution score (GOE) of the referee group is determined by calculating the revised average of the execution scores of nine scoring referees.
4. Revise the calculation method of average score: remove the highest score and the lowest score, and calculate the average score of the other seven referees.
5. This average score is the final execution score of a single action. The execution score of the referee group is accurate to two decimal places.
6. Add the average execution score of this action to its basic stage, that is, the total score (technical score) of this action.
7. Joint jumping should be scored as an action unit. The basic score of two jumps plus the execution of the most difficult jump is divided into the final score of the action unit.
8. Continuous jumping should be scored as an action unit. The two cardinal numbers that are the most difficult to jump are added, multiplied by the coefficient of 0.8, plus the execution score that is the most difficult to jump.
9. Add up the scores given to all actions by the judging panel.
10, any extra movements beyond the specified number of times will not be counted in the athletes' performance. An action can only be counted as a result if it is tried for the first time (or within a specified number of times).
1 1, innovative action or cohesion can be given a special 2 points reward. There can only be one such reward in a program.
12. The reward points (if any) will be added to the sum of the scores of all the actions of the judges to get the total technical points.
13. The basic scores of all jumps completed in the second half of the single skating program will be multiplied by the coefficient 1. 1 to reflect the balanced distribution of difficult movements in the program.
14, and each referee also graded the program content, with scores ranging from 0.25 to 10, with an added value of 0.25 each time.
15. The evaluation of each program content by the jury is obtained by calculating the revised average score of nine evaluation judges. Calculate the revised average score according to the method specified in Article 4 above.
16, the judges' scores for each program content are multiplied by the following coefficients (teenagers and adults alike):
Men's singles: short program: 1.0 free skating: 2.0
Women's singles: short program: 0.8 free skating: 1.6
Double: short program: 0.8 free skating: 1.6
Multiplied by the coefficient, the score is accurate to two decimal places, and the sum is the program content score.
17, any violation of the following provisions will be deducted in the following ways.
● Time violation-1.0 points will be deducted every 5 seconds or less.
● Music violation-using vocal music will deduct 1.0 points.
● No action violation-2.0 points will be deducted for each violation.
● Violation of costume props-1.0 points deduction.
● Fall -65438+ 0.0 point will be deducted for each fall. If the program is interrupted for more than 10 seconds, extra points will be deducted: 1 1-20 seconds, 1.0 minutes, 2 1-30 seconds, and so on.
Interpretation of this article-the definition of falling: the athlete loses control, causing his skates to leave the ice, and the athlete's body is covered with ice (even for a short time).
18. If the number of judges in the judging panel is less than 9, 5 judges will be randomly selected as scoring judges.
Second, decide the outcome of each part of the competition.
1. The total program score of each player in each part of the competition (short program and free skating) is calculated by adding the total technical score to the program content and subtracting any program penalty points.
2. The athlete with the highest total score in the program ranks first, and the athlete with the second highest score is ranked second, and so on.
3. If two or more players score the same, the player with the highest technical total score ranks first in the short program; In free skating, the program content with high score ranks first; If the total score of technology and the score of program content are the same, the scores of players are tied.
Third, the determination of comprehensive score and total score
1, the sum of the total score of short program and the total score of free skating is the final score of an athlete in the competition, and the athlete with the highest final score wins the first place.
2. In the freestyle skating qualifying tournament of the International Skating Union Championship, the total score of freestyle skating events will be multiplied by the corresponding coefficient of 0.25, and then added to the total score (after the short program and the final freestyle skating).
If there is a tie at any stage, the program with the highest score will be ranked first.
4. If there is still a draw in this section (the last completed program), the final ranking will be determined by the ranking in the last completed program. If there is no previous program, then the results of the relevant athletes are tied.
Clothing requirements for figure skating
Figure skating shoes should be neat and elegant, and shoelaces should be tied.
Simple figure skating clothes, skirts and trousers, or turtlenecks and undershirts should be neat and beautiful.
It is not advisable to expose thin underwear or tight clothes and underwear.
Loose jewelry (such as loose necklaces and bracelets) should not be worn.
Props (such as hats, crutches, etc.) ) can't be used for single skating and double skating. Ice dance choreographers can use props.
In 2004, the International Skating Federation responded to the referee dispute of the 2002 Winter Olympics in Salt Lake City by abolishing the 6.0 competition system and replacing it with the International Referee System (IJS). In 2006, all international competitions, including the 2006 Winter Olympics in Turin, were required to use this referee system. The new system is often referred to as the Code of Points (CoP), although ISU officials have never used this term. In the new system, each technical action element of figure skating will be scored separately, and the sum of these scores is the total element score (TES). Each competition is limited to a fixed number of technical action elements. Every technical action must be judged by technical experts first. Technical experts can distinguish different technical action elements through real-time video playback, such as the exact position of feet when taking off and the falling ice during jumping. The decision of technical experts will determine the basic value of the action. Then, the 12 judges of the judging group scored the quality and execution of this action respectively. This score is called grade of execution (abbreviated as GOE) and is an integer between -3 and +3. The score of GOE will be converted to another value according to the score table in ISU rule 322. Then, the computer will randomly select 9 referees from 12 GOE scores, then remove the highest and lowest scores, and finally calculate the average score of the remaining 7. This average branch is added to the basic stage, and the total score of this technical action is obtained. Another part of the scoring of competition programs, namely, program component scoring (PCS), is to score the details and artistic performance of the programs that are not involved in the TES. Including the following five items: skating skills (abbreviated as SS), transition (abbreviated as TR), performance/execution (abbreviated as PE), choreography (abbreviated as CH) and interpretation (abbreviated as IN). Only the prescribed dance of ice dance is an exception, and there is no choreography and connection, because the dance steps are prescribed in advance. The original score given by the judges for each project is 0 to 10, and the unit score is 0.25, where 5 stands for "average level". The score of each project is selected, deleted and averaged like GOE, and then multiplied by a coefficient determined by the project, stage (short program or free skate) and level, and then the score of each project is added up, which is the final PCS score. The sum of TES and PCS is called the total score (TSS) of the competition section. The final ranking of the players is determined by the sum of the total scores of each stage of the competition. Seats are no longer used to determine the final ranking.
rhythm
The next turns that the player can choose include: three turns: the track drawn by the skates on the ice is the shape of the number "3". Bracket turn: the trajectory drawn by the skates on the ice is a bracket. Rocker and counter: One-leg rotation not only changes the direction, but also changes the arc. Mohawks: the third lap and the scaffolding step of the biped version. Choctaws: biped versions of the inner hook and the outer hook. Twizzles: slide on one foot and complete multiple rotations.
Radial
Spinning is an essential element in most figure skating competitions, and all four events in the Olympic Games need spinning. Figure skating includes three basic rotation postures: sitting rotation, camel rotation and upright rotation. From these three postures, many postures can be transformed. When the player spins on one foot, he touches the ice with the skates of one foot, close to the "sole" arc of the cutter teeth. Like jumping, most players rotate counterclockwise, and a few players can rotate clockwise and counterclockwise. Take the counterclockwise player as an example. The rotation of the left foot is called forward rotation and the right foot is called backward rotation. One rotation can be done alone, or several kinds can be done continuously (combined rotation). Jumping spin is called flying spin, including flying camel, flying spin, death drop and butterfly spin. Jumping rotation can be changed from forward rotation to reverse rotation, and can also be used as a part of a set of combined rotation. The rotation of double skating can be that two people complete the same rotation synchronously, or it can be a combination of two people. In addition, double skating and ice dancing also include double rotation and dance rotation, that is, two players hold each other and rotate around the same axis.