Jiangxi Province; location advantage; spatial development model; development strategy 1 Current status of Jiangxi’s economic development
1.1 Jiangxi Province has experienced rapid economic growth in recent years
2007 In 2008, the total GDP of Jiangxi Province was 546.93 billion yuan, an increase of 13.0% over the previous year. In 2008, the total GDP of Jiangxi Province was 648.033 billion yuan, an increase of 12.6%. The growth rate was above the average level in the country. Jiangxi Province's GDP has maintained a growth rate of over 12% for six consecutive years, indicating that Jiangxi Province's economy is still on an upward path of stable and rapid development.
1.2 Jiangxi’s economic foundation is weak, its development starting point is low, and its tasks are arduous.
Although Jiangxi’s economy is developing rapidly, its development starting point is low and its foundation is weak. At the end of 2008, although the year-on-year GDP growth rate of Jiangxi Province exceeded that of Anhui, Shanxi, and Henan provinces, its total GDP was still the lowest. The per capita GDP is only higher than Anhui Province, with a year-on-year growth of 11.8%, only higher than Shanxi Province, and lower than the other four provinces. (See chart) Jiangxi’s economy still has a very arduous task to catch up with the other four provinces in central China and realize the strategy of rising the central region.
2 Locational advantages of Jiangxi’s economic development 2.1 The connotation of locational advantages
Regional economics emphasizes analyzing the development advantages of a region from a spatial perspective, especially when a region has unique geographical advantages. When considering its location, it is even more important to make full use of its advantages and adopt a corresponding economic development model. Therefore, the location advantages studied in this article mainly refer to the advantages of physical geography. Physical geography is the most important factor in examining location conditions. 2.2 Jiangxi’s location advantages in my country’s regional economic development
Jiangxi has a superior geographical location and is the only country in the country that is connected to three deltas (Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Southern Fujian Triangle)
A neighboring province has a very obvious location advantage. Jiangxi is also a member of the Pan-Pearl River Delta Economic Regional Cooperation. It is the intersection of the Yangtze River Comprehensive Economic Belt and the Beijing-Kowloon Economic Belt, making its status in the central region more prominent than other provinces and regions. Jiangxi has obvious location advantages in the new framework of regional economic development in my country.
3 Regional economic spatial development model theory and Jiangxi location advantage analysis
Regional development spatial model theories mainly include gradient transfer theory, growth pole theory, development axis theory and network development theory. 3.1 Analysis of Jiangxi’s location advantages in industrial gradient transfer
The theory of gradient transfer of regional economic development holds that innovation activities are the decisive factor in determining the gradient level of regional development, and most innovation activities occur in high-gradient areas . With the passage of time and changes in life cycle stages, production activities gradually shift from high-gradient areas to low-gradient areas, and this gradient transfer process is mainly based on the gradient transfer theory that extends through multi-layered urban systems.
Jiangxi has obvious location advantages compared with other provinces in central China in undertaking industrial transfers from the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta and Fujian Delta regions. Promoting the construction of industrial transfer and undertaking bases is still an effective way to achieve Jiangxi's first rise in central China. path.
(1) Jiangxi is rich in labor resources and natural resources, with low labor costs and low expenses. The province has a population of 44 million. In 2008, there were 6.8 million migrant workers across provinces, accounting for more than 40% of the province's total rural labor resources. Since the outbreak of the international financial crisis, Jiangxi Province has seen a large number of migrant workers returning to their hometowns. In September 2009, there were 3.15 million migrant workers returning home in Jiangxi Province. The return of a large number of migrant workers to their hometowns and the reduction of employment positions in enterprises in the province have put tremendous pressure on the employment situation in Jiangxi Province. At the same time, they have also provided abundant and low labor costs for foreign companies to invest. The cost of factors such as land, water and electricity in Jiangxi Province are lower than those in developed areas. The price of houses per square meter in the province is less than a quarter of that in Shanghai and only about one-third that of Guangdong. The average water price is only 50% of that in Shanghai and about 60% of that in Guangdong. (2) The inward relocation of industries in the Pearl River Delta brings significant opportunities to the development of Jiangxi’s manufacturing industry
Against the background of accelerating international industrial transfer, my country’s developed coastal areas already have economic energy and industries that radiate to the central and western regions Due to the pressure of relocation, many Hong Kong-funded manufacturing enterprises gathered in the Pearl River Delta are also facing the choice of relocating to the central and western regions. A considerable number of foreign-funded enterprises located in Dongguan, Shenzhen, Guangzhou, Huizhou and Zhongshan are facing secondary relocation pressure. Jiangxi is located within the 3-8 hour highway economic circle with the Pearl River Delta as the center, and is the first choice place for the transfer of Hong Kong-funded enterprises in the Pearl River Delta. (3) Changes in the domestic and foreign economic environment promote the industrial transformation of the Yangtze River Delta region
After 30 years of rapid development, the Yangtze River Delta region has led to a tight supply of resources such as land, fresh water, manpower, and energy. Houses, land, Prices of electricity, coal, transportation, raw materials, consumer goods and labor generally rose. Compared with central regions such as Anhui and Jiangxi, production costs in the Yangtze River Delta region are approximately 30%-40% higher. Land resources are scarce, and industrial land in Zhejiang is close to being used up. According to the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" industrial development plan, Shanghai's industrial land gap will reach 74,000 acres.
Especially in recent years, due to the sharp decline in export demand, many labor-intensive and export-oriented enterprises in coastal areas are facing a survival crisis, and many companies are on the verge of bankruptcy. In the next few years, under the influence of high costs, the pace of industrial transformation and upgrading in coastal areas will be significantly accelerated, and some industries will be further transferred outwards. (4) The country’s strategy for the rise of central China brings significant opportunities to promote comprehensive industrial cooperation between Jiangxi and Hong Kong
After encouraging the eastern region to take the lead in development, implement the major strategy of developing the west, and revitalize the old industrial base in Northeast China, the central government made In order to promote the rise of central China and build "three bases and one hub", it is a major decision. Recently, the Ministry of Commerce has designated Jiangxi as the bridgehead for the "Businesses Moving Westward" project. Jiangxi, which took the lead in proposing the strategy for the rise of central China during the Tenth Five-Year Plan, has an industrial positioning that is highly consistent with the country’s industrial layout and positioning for central China. In terms of project layout and industrial clusters in advantageous industries such as automobiles, metallurgy, equipment manufacturing, transportation equipment, high-tech, agricultural product processing, tourism logistics, etc., Jiangxi will be able to obtain national support for land use, funds, taxation, etc. in terms of expanding opening up to the outside world. significant support. The cooperation between Jiangxi and Hong Kong will have a huge linkage effect with the country’s central strategy.
3.2 Growth pole, development axis and network development theory and Jiangxi location advantage analysis
Gradient transfer theory emphasizes that innovation activities, technology, industry, talents, etc. move from high gradient to low gradient areas transfer. The polarization theory emphasizes the mutual influence and radiation of both parties. The growth pole emphasizes the radiating and driving effect of a certain area on surrounding areas, which is a certain point when viewed on a map; while the development axis develops from points to lines, studying how coastlines, railway lines, etc. stimulate the economic development of surrounding areas; and finally, from points to areas , developed into network theory, emphasizing the polarization effect of the entire surrounding areas, such as the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, Bohai Rim, etc. 3.2.1 Growth pole theory and analysis of Jiangxi’s location advantages
The growth pole theory believes that economic growth is usually transmitted from one or several growth poles to other departments or regions. Therefore, in terms of policy choices, specific geographical spaces should be selected as growth poles to drive rapid economic development.
From the perspective of growth pole theory, Jiangxi is radiating from economically developed regions such as Shanghai, Wuhan, Guangdong, and Hong Kong, and makes full use of its location advantages to strengthen economic cooperation with developed regions such as Shanghai, Guangdong, and Hong Kong. It is an effective path to promote Jiangxi’s economic development. 3.2.2 Development axis theory and analysis of Jiangxi’s location advantages (1) The impact of the Yangtze River Economic Belt on Jiangxi’s economy
The Yangtze River Economic Belt focuses on Pudong, with Shanghai as the leader and Chongqing as the tail, and further opens up the Yangtze River An economic belt built around coastal cities. The economic belt along the Yangtze River has formed the Yangtze River Delta economic circle with Shanghai as the leader, the middle reaches of the Yangtze River economic circle with Wuhan as the center, and the upper Yangtze River economic circle with Chongqing as the leader, becoming another main axis supporting my country's economic development.
Jiangxi is located on the south bank of the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, in the Anhui-Jiangxi Economic Zone in the economic belt along the river, and has become the focus of economic development moving inward. The economic belt along the river connects Jiangxi with the coastal and border areas, the east and the central and western regions, giving Jiangxi a hub role in connecting the east and expanding to the west, which is conducive to promoting the development of Jiangxi's economy.
(2) The impact of the Beijing-Kowloon Economic Belt on Jiangxi’s economy
The north-south circulation caused by the “Beijing-Kowloon Economic Belt” development strategy requires Jiangxi to better exert its “communication North and south, connecting the east and connecting the west". In the new framework of my country's economic development, the development, construction and formation of the economic belt along the Beijing-Kowloon line not only enhances the economic strength of the coastal areas, but also fills the depression and deformity between the two peaks of economic development in the eastern and central regions, strengthening the eastern and central regions. Integrate China's westward expansion efforts and strengthen the strength of the frontier areas of westward expansion, so as to better play the central role of connecting the east and west and connecting the north and the south. 3.2.3 Network theory and analysis of Jiangxi’s location advantages
From a superficial perspective, in addition to the Yangtze River Delta, Pearl River Delta, and Fujian River Delta driving and radiating Jiangxi’s economy, the Pan-Pearl River Delta “9+2” model It is proposed that it coincides with the "Changzhou-Zhuhai-Fujian" development strategy formulated by Jiangxi Province. Through institutional arrangements, resource integration, industrial docking and the construction of a reasonable urban system, Jiangxi actively integrates into the "Pan-Pearl River Delta" and becomes a member of the regional economic cooperation organization, promoting the process of regional economic integration and promoting the rise of Jiangxi in the central region .
The "3+2" pan-Yangtze River Delta model puts forward the inherent requirements and inevitable trends of regional economic development. As the generalization process accelerates, more and more domestic and international capital will inevitably look for investment and cooperation opportunities in the hinterland surrounding the Yangtze River Delta, and economic factors such as talents, technology, and information will also flow on a larger scale, which will undoubtedly bring benefits to Jiangxi’s economy. Development provides a rare opportunity. 4 Jiangxi’s economic development strategy using location advantages
Based on the above location advantages and spatial development model, the development strategies are mainly based on the following aspects: 4.1 Transform government functions and improve government service levels
(1) The government must emancipate the mind and update concepts. Improve the ability to control the market economy and manage the economy in accordance with the rules of the market economy. The focus should be shifted from administrative approval and enterprise management to formulating policies, formulating plans, improving coordination, and providing services.
It is necessary to optimize the investment environment and reduce administrative approval matters.
(2) Increase efforts to attract investment. In addition to the corresponding preferential policies provided by the central government to the central government, we should also formulate our own foreign direct investment policies. We must effectively implement the policies, implement all preferential policies to the letter, and prevent any department from violating the policies for the benefit of small groups. , truly allowing investors to feel the benefits and enjoy the benefits.
(3) We must make great efforts to improve the soft investment environment, promote standardized and procedural management, improve work efficiency, improve service quality, optimize the social security environment, reduce the unreasonable burden on foreign investment, and implement various preferential policies policy.
(4) Create a fair legal environment. Law enforcement agencies treat investors fairly and equally. Any law enforcement inspection of foreign enterprises must be notified in advance and submitted to the county optimization office for approval before it can be carried out. 4.2 Vigorously promote the construction of industrial parks
Industrial parks have become the main platform for attracting investment in Jiangxi Province and a new growth pole driving economic development.
First, speed up park planning. We must focus on the need to undertake large-scale industrial transfers, re-plan and position industrial parks, leave sufficient room for development, and improve comprehensive functions. Organize a dedicated team to carry out basic work such as park planning, feasibility study reports, and environmental assessments with high quality and high standards, and apply in a timely manner to strive to pass national standards as soon as possible.
The second is to speed up basic supporting facilities. Increase investment and vigorously promote the construction of infrastructure such as roads, water, electricity, gas, and communications in the industrial park to improve the park's functions. At the same time, we should innovate investment methods and encourage private capital to participate in the construction of the park through various methods such as investment, joint ventures, and equity participation to effectively solve the problem of insufficient investment in park infrastructure.
The third is to accelerate industrial agglomeration. Integrate existing enterprises in the park, promote the concentration of large-scale enterprises in the county to the park, continuously expand the scale of the industrial park, exert an intensive effect, drive the development of large-scale industries in the county, and attract more enterprises to settle in the park. 4.3 Strengthen infrastructure construction
Economic development, infrastructure comes first. Although Jiangxi Province’s infrastructure has been greatly improved, there is still a big gap compared with developed regions. To this end, we must speed up infrastructure construction and create good basic conditions for undertaking industrial transfers. Improve the transportation network, establish supporting transportation systems to improve processing agents, warehousing and other service functions, build a reasonable logistics system, and fully promote the construction of transportation, power, communications, airports, ports and other infrastructure. Improve the power network to provide solid power guarantee for development. 4.4 Increase the adjustment and upgrading of industrial structure and accelerate the formation of industrial gradient transfer and undertaking bases in developed coastal areas
Jiangxi should rely on the advantage of relatively low factor prices to form advantages in these industries and products and compete for the market. It is necessary to change the echelon evolution path of industrial structure in the traditional industrial process, shorten the process of transfer from labor-intensive to capital- and technology-intensive, or increase the technological content of labor-intensive industries to a greater extent and selectively develop high-tech content emerging industries, highlighting the acceleration of the development of emerging service industries, increasing the proportion of the knowledge economy, taking advantage of the opportunities of the rapid development of scientific and technological progress, taking informatization as an opportunity to cultivate new economic growth points and seize the commanding heights of high and new technologies, and use high and new technologies to transform Traditional industries, promote the upgrading of traditional industries in the province, in order to achieve leap-forward development of Jiangxi's high-tech industries, comprehensively promote the docking of structural adjustments in the province with developed coastal areas and international structural adjustments, and win the battle for industrial transfer and undertaking. 4.5 Establish a mechanism to attract outstanding talents and promote technological progress of enterprises
First of all, we must formulate preferential policies to create a relaxed environment to attract and retain talents, especially to attract outstanding college students borrowed from Jiangxi to work in Jiangxi.
The second is to allow and encourage talents to flow between agencies, enterprises, and colleges, encourage talents to work part-time and part-time across regions, industries, and departments, and encourage scientific and technological personnel to invest in shares with technology and participate in distribution.
The third is to establish a mechanism for scientific and technological talents to stand out. Excellent scientific and technological talents should be heavily rewarded; at the same time, vigorous efforts should be made to provide technical training and vocational education for employees to comprehensively improve the quality of workers.
The fourth is to establish an enterprise technological progress mechanism, allowing large and medium-sized backbone enterprises to set up technological progress funds based on a certain proportion of sales revenue, specifically for the development of new technologies and new products, so as to accelerate the pace of technological innovation. Relying on strengthening scientific and technological training, we will form a labor export base in developed coastal areas as soon as possible.
From Baidu