The shape of sparse layer of trunk should be adopted.

(2) From young trees to early fruiting

(1) Young trees are mainly lightly pruned. Except for the extension branches of backbone branches at all levels, which are 40 ~ 50 cm long each year, the remaining 1 ~ 2-year-old branches should be shortened as much as possible. Uniaxial, slender, horizontal and drooping branches should be cultivated and trimmed (slow release, leveling, smooth branches, thinning, etc. ) should be strengthened in the growing season to ease the tree growth and promote the growth of short branches. When the tree is strong, the branch promotion technology should be adopted to increase the number of branches and make the tree stable. After the tree is stable, the number of backbone branches should be gradually reduced and transformed into auxiliary branches or large branches, or sparse.

② Generally speaking, the opening angles of main branches and lateral branches are slightly larger than those of other varieties, and the extended branches of backbone branches should be kept for a long time. Pay attention to the selection of the third and fourth lateral buds of the anticline under the cutting mouth, which not only has good directivity, but also has a large opening angle. In order to make the main branch and side branch extend normally, it is best to push out the branch with two buds. If there are not many branches, try to pull them to a suitable opening angle.

(3) Pruning the backbone branches at all levels in late spring is beneficial to alleviate the growth potential and increase the angle; Pruning auxiliary branches and branches in late spring can improve germination rate, produce more short branches and promote flowering and fruiting.

(4) Pay attention to the heat of girdling, so as to avoid the poor wound healing ability of dead branches and trees of common varieties, the girdling is too heavy, and the bark is not easy to heal. Be careful not to hurt xylem with force, and the width should not exceed110 of the girdling diameter.

⑤ Prune young trees with twigs, and the 3-year-old branches will become flowers. So it takes a long time to slow down the branches. After the slow branches bloom and bear fruit, they should be retracted as appropriate according to their growth potential, that is, they should be released first and then retracted or disordered first and then cleared. When cross-flowering branches appear, they should be retracted at the good branches to improve the fruit setting rate; Sparse competitive branches and vigorous upright branches; On the backbone branches, it is very effective to keep the upper branches down as much as possible, put more lower branches and expand the branches on both sides. 1 ~ 2-year-old slender branches can be sheared moderately and roughly, which is also beneficial to flower formation. Medium-sized branches can flower slowly in 1 ~ 2 years, but large leaf buds can break the top and also flower. Short branches and short fruit branches can be formed in the same year after the big leaf buds are topped, forming a good branch group.

⑥ When the big branches retract, they should be pruned with the branches, and 2-4-year-old branches can also be pruned with "flower (bud)" or "cap", which is helpful to control peeling and prevent baldness at the lower part.

(3) Trees in full fruit.

(1) produces a large number of fruits continuously, and the tree body weakens rapidly, but it is difficult to rejuvenate. Therefore, in the pruning method, we should not blindly adopt light pruning and long planting, but gradually change the original pruning method according to the change of tree potential, so as to keep the tree potential in a moderate state. The cutting ratio and pruning amount should be controlled after cutting branches in the development period. The annual growth of new shoots is about 30 cm, and autumn shoots rarely appear.

② Strengthening the rejuvenation of fruit branches and branches. Because the fruit branches are mostly bud branches and short branches, the resulting branches are not easy to be updated. Therefore, attention should be paid to the preservation of developing branches in the branch group, which can be adjusted by retaining strong branches for the head in the weak branch group and weak branches for the head in the strong branch group. At the same time, pay attention to the cultivation of oblique small and medium branches. Generally, the age of fruit branches should be 2-6 years old, and the fruit branches should be updated when they are 8- 10 years old at the full fruit stage.

③ Improve the fruit setting rate. In the full fruit stage, there are many flower buds, full of flowers, and the fruit setting rate is low. The following measures should be taken:

If the angle of main branches is less than 60, the angle should be increased to improve the scenic conditions and create a good environment for the rejuvenation of branches;

The string branches are retracted. For branches with branches, the branches should be thinned, or small branches of 1 ~ 2 should be cut before the annual standard, and leaves of 1 ~ 2 should be cut before the annual standard. When the branches are weak, they can also be cut together.

Opening flower branches, dry ring cutting or light ring peeling, and coring fruit table branches;

Thinning the inner chamber to support branches, compressing upright and tall branches, and adjusting the types and densities of branches;

Early thinning of lateral buds, flowers and fruits, and interplanting with flowers when necessary;

Fine pruning groups and fruit branches, leaving strong branches with flower buds, and keeping three groups of branches according to the ratio of flowers to leaves and buds 1 ∶ 3 ~ 4.

(4) Before pruning the perennial branches, uniaxial stretching should be adopted to keep the length of the branch axis unchanged, and the larger branches on the branches should be drained or shrunk, or the branches should be pruned at an appropriate position in the back first, and then retracted into the branches for cultivation at one time when retraction is needed, so as to avoid being blocked too quickly and affecting the development of injured branches.