One. Dining occasions and matters needing attention
When inviting breakfast, lunch, dinner, buffet, cocktail party or tea party, there are usually only two kinds, one is official and the other is arbitrary. If you go to a high-end restaurant, men should wear clean shirts and shoes, and women should wear suits and high heels. If you need to wear a formal suit, men must wear a tie.
The following are some of the most representative places and precautions:
1
Buffet Buffet can be used for breakfast, lunch, dinner and even refreshments. There are also hot dishes, cold dishes and vegetarian dishes on the table for guests to use. Generally, it is held indoors or in the courtyard or garden to entertain different numbers of guests. If the venue is too small or there is no staff to entertain more guests, buffet is the best choice.
At the beginning of the buffet, you have to queue up for food. Learn to eat a plate of food. Adhere to the principle of "eat less and run more", don't eat too much, you can eat more times. After eating, put the tableware in the designated place. Let "get more than one bargained for." If you eat a buffet hotel, the general pricing is based on the number of people who eat, and you must also complete some specific meal time and required duration. If it is not finished, it needs to "buy" what is not finished in your pocket.
There are two kinds of buffets. Sitting and enjoying some services is the most wonderful thing. Its elegant environment and relaxed atmosphere melt into such a party, which requires certain services, unless it is small enough to cope with the hostess, but it also needs enough space to accommodate a dining table. No need for another watch, no service or few guests can bring their own plates, silverware and napkins to the place where they feel most comfortable and be ready to discuss this problem.
Buffet, in addition to solving the problem, also solves the problem of the hostess table due to the additional services generated. When guests freely choose places, such as orders, dissatisfied owners are responsible for applicability. Often provide a variety of dishes, there are enough choices, car owners do not have to worry about the menu to meet their appetite.
2。
Table cocktails are lively, simple and easy to communicate. As the most important product, hospitality wine has prepared some snacks, such as snacks, bread, sausages and so on. , and put it on the dining table, coffee table or tray with drinks and snacks held by waiters until the guests finish eating. Guests are free to walk around. Generally speaking, the time is from 17:00 to 19:00. In recent years, cocktail parties are often held at various large-scale events around the world.
In this case, the best napkin is in your hand, in order to keep the towel. Holding a cup in your left hand, a good right hand is ready to shake hands with others. Don't forget to wipe your mouth with a tissue after eating. Kill. Throw the tissue in the designated place.
3。
Dinner is divided into two types: grand dinner and informal dinner.
According to western custom, a grand banquet is a formal banquet, which is basically arranged after 20:00. In China, it usually starts from 18:00 to 7:00. The holding of this activity shows the theme of the party. The shopkeeper is very serious, or to celebrate. Generally speaking, the seats in a formal dinner are lined up, and the dress code is indicated on the invitation. There will be speeches or toasts, and sometimes dinner concerts will be arranged by a small band and performed live.
Informal dinner is a simple form of dinner. Such banquets are held for friends and family in a friendly atmosphere, and some are held at home. Clothing, seats, tableware, etc. You shouldn't pay too much attention to layout, but it is still different from ordinary family dinners.
In the west, it is a habit to invite couples to dinner. If you are invited to read the above detailed description, you will be accompanied by a person or a husband or wife. When answering the invitation, you'd better tell the host their names. .
4. Other preventive measures
Western tableware has more than one feature: silverware of various sizes.
Tableware is carefully arranged according to the order of different dishes served on the road. Put the front seat bottom plate (or soup plate), fork in the left hand and knife in the right hand. Spoon the right side of the pot. Put the dessert on it with a spoon, fork, coffee spoon and cup, and then move it to a suitable position for translation. From the right, it is: grape wine glass, champagne wine glass and beer glass (cup). Stack beer cups on napkins or food trays. On the left, the yaw butter knife is on the upper tray bread board, facing the blade you want. The number of tableware dishes is equal to the number of channels. The order of serving, from outside to inside, leaves inward, order a meal from the middle of use, and then a more formal dinner, followed by appetizers, fish and meat made of napkin cloth. Napkins in high-end restaurants are often beautifully folded and tied with small ribbons. Be careful not to wipe his nose or face with a napkin.
You can put one or only one small bottle of salt and pepper, or even put two sets of tableware on a table in the middle of each table, so that you can share the small bottles.
Put the dishes together, and don't forget the decorations on the table, such as candlesticks, or make a small teapot with your vase, which can increase the romantic atmosphere.
When entertaining guests, it is unscientific and unsafe not to put the glass in hot water, because the glass is prone to heat. Therefore, hot water, hot tea, etc. It should be put in a cup, which is used to hold ice or cold water.
Tea in the West is different from that in China. In China, the tea method is to drink tea directly in a teacup. In the west, tea bags or tea leaves are boiled before they are soaked, and then the tea is poured in. Don't leave the tea. When sitting
Keep your body straight, put your elbows on the table, and keep a distance from the table, so as to use the tableware better. Don't fiddle with the tableware casually and gracefully. When the hostess picks up the napkin (there is no housekeeper), it means that the napkin is spread on the leg. If the napkin is folded into a big circle, the partially covered leg is above the knee.
Wait until you put the napkins and napkins away before putting them at the formal dinner. It's best to open the napkin with both hands, and don't shake it back and forth. Don't put napkins on the collar, belt or shirt neckline. When eating, keep your head at a certain height, not too low, and don't move your head too much.
If you leave your seat temporarily during the meal, you can put your napkin on the chair. Don't put napkins on the table, otherwise it means you don't want to eat them, and the waiter won't serve you.
Many hosts don't want their guests to smoke at home. If you want to smoke, you can ask the permission of the host or hostess to smoke in the designated place after dessert. Don't sit in a restaurant with seats, let the guests enjoy themselves with you. Wonderland.
2。 Western table manners
It must be pointed out that:
1 western ordering and serving
There are four or five categories of western food menus, namely appetizers, soups, salads, seafood, meat, snacks and so on.
The main course should be decided first. If you choose the main course of fish and meat, there are more appetizers with diverse tastes. In addition to eating a lot, there is actually no single item in a complete menu, just put the appetizer and the main course together, plus snacks. You can't make soup, appetizer or omit it, which is also a very desirable combination (but in Italy, it is noodle soup, so in principle it is two different first dishes).
The formal order of dinner is:
1) appetizer. The first dish in the west is the first CD, also called appetizer. The contents are generally cold appetizers, appetizers, appetizers, common varieties of caviar, foie gras, smoked salmon, cocktail glasses, cream chicken crispy boxes and roasted snails. Because appetizers are appetizers, appetizers generally have a special flavor, mainly salty and sour, but a few are of high quality.
2) soup. Different from Chinese food, the second course in the west is soup. Western soups can be divided into clear soup, cream soup, vegetable soup and cold soup. All kinds of oxtail soup, all kinds of cream soup, seafood soup, American clam soup, Italian vegetable soup, Russian Luo Songtang and roasted French onion soup. There are few varieties of cold soup, such as German cold soup and Russian cold soup.
3) Side dishes. Fish dishes are generally regarded as the third course in the west, also called side dishes. Species include all kinds of freshwater and marine fish, shellfish and molluscs. Usually, seafood dishes including eggs, bread and crispy box dishes are called side dishes. Because meat dishes, such as fresh fish, are easy to digest, the names of meat dishes, meat dishes and main dishes are different. Western exquisite fish dishes use special sauces, all kinds of tartar juice, Dutch juice, hotel juice, white cream juice, Archbishop juice, American sailor fish sauce and fruit juice.
4) Main course. Meat and poultry dishes are the fourth western food, also known as the main course. Meat and raw meat dishes are taken from small parts such as cattle, sheep, pigs and cowboys, and the most representative is beef or steak. Steak sirloin steak can be divided into (also known as sirloin steak), Philip steak, "T" bone steak and thin steak according to its own website. Its cooking methods are mostly roasted, fried, roasted and other meat dishes with sauces, which are mainly used in Spanish juice, concentrated essence juice, mushroom juice, Bainis juice and so on.
Chickens take raw poultry dishes, and wild birds such as ducks, geese, rabbits and venison are listed as food. Most kinds of poultry dishes are chicken, pheasant, turkey, bamboo chicken, etc. They can be boiled, fried, roasted and braised, mainly in yellow meat sauce, curry sauce and cream sauce.
5) Vegetable cooking. Vegetarian dishes can be arranged in meat dishes and meat dishes, or they can be delivered at the same time, so they can be regarded as vegetables or simply as side dishes. Vegetable salad is called Lucy. Salad and main course are served at the same time, which is called raw vegetable salad. It is usually made of lettuce, tomatoes, cucumbers and asparagus. The main salad dressings are vinegar sauce, French sauce, dried island sauce and cheese salad dressing.
Besides vegetables and salads, there is another kind made of fish, meat and eggs. For example, salads generally don't have sauce, and you can order rice as an appetizer.
There are also some cooked dishes, such as broccoli, boiled spinach and fried potatoes. Vegetables are usually cooked meat dishes, and the main course is placed on the tray table, which is called side dish.
6) dessert. Western dessert is eaten after the main course and can be counted as the sixth course. In practical sense, it includes all the main courses, such as pudding, pancakes, ice cream, cheese, fruit and so on. 7) coffee and tea. The last one is western drinks, coffee or tea. Sugar and coffee are generally whipped cream. The general taste of tea is peach slices with sugar.
2。
Ranking problem, even if the level, status and age of the guests are higher than the host and guest, the priority of ordering food is still close to that of the boss. Please sit down. The theme of the house, the person sitting on the right hand is the first lady of the important guest, the left hand is the second most important female guest, and the hostess sits opposite the host. Whether it is the first or the second guest, she is the most important. Now, if it is not a very formal lunch or dinner, the time interval and method of sitting with women become less important.
Use a knife and fork
When using a knife, fork and knife, the fork is from outside to inside, the fork is to the left, and the right hand holds the knife; At the same time, hold down the left fork to cut the food, cut it into small pieces with a knife in your right hand and put it in your mouth with a fork. When used as a knife, the blade should not be outward. When you need to have a rest and eat halfway, you can put down your knife and fork and put it in the center of the plate in a figure of eight, indicating that you want to continue eating and don't think about eating. Every time you complete the transaction of vegetables, knives, forks and emission rights, it means that you are finished and can withdraw the plate or board. If you say, you can hold a knife and fork, don't come down, but don't wave it. When a knife can't hold a fork with the right hand, but needs to make a gesture, they should put down their knife and fork and never wave and shake them with one hand, instead of wiping their mouths with a napkin and holding a fork in a glass with the other hand. If you don't put the knife and fork on the table, it's always at the other end.
4. Precautions are on the table. Don't put makeup on the table. Wipe your nose with a napkin. Burping while eating is a big taboo. When feeding, you can let others deliver the food without standing up. There is too much food in your mouth. Don't talk while chewing. You can't wolf down your food. If you don't want to eat it yourself, you should put it on a small plate to show politeness. It should be taken back halfway through eating. I really have to go, so I want to say hello to the guests and have a whisper. When toasting, even if you drink, the cup should touch your lips to show respect. When you pour someone a drink, if there is none, you can simply say "no, thanks!" " "Or hand slightly covered with glass, said a drop. Of course, don't unbutton or undress in public. If the host invites the guest to take off your coat, the male guest can take off his coat and come back, but he can't take off his coat or anything he carries on the table.
3。 Xichi
Eating western food is very different from eating Chinese food.
1。 When eating bread, butter, usually buns and
Take your own bread and cream, then break it into small pieces, wipe one and eat one.
Eat sandwiches, small sandwiches and toast by hand, and then cut them up. A hot sandwich with gravy needs a knife and fork.
2。
Westerners eat meat (lamb chops, steak, pork chops, etc. ) big chunks. When eating with a knife, cut a small piece of meat with a fork, just the size of a bite. Eat one, cut one, don't cut it all at once, and don't use a fork to send it to the meat folder at your mouth. You should bite, chew and swallow it.
When eating beef (steak), please ask your waiter, master students and cooked ones, because of the raw materials and according to their decision-making preferences.
Don't "cook" meat bones, such as chicken, fix them with a whole fork (you can lift the fork and hold the fork on your back), then insert the osteotome, cut the meat and eat it while cutting. If the bone is very small, you can put it in your mouth with a fork, separate the meat from the bone in your mouth, then cover your mouth with a napkin, spit it out and fork it up, and you can serve. But to "do" directly, face washing water and meat are often served at the same time. Use napkins, towels and your mouth.
When eating fish, the fish didn't stand up before and after eating the bottom bone with a fork. .
three
Eating salads, western food and salads often appear in these places: dishes as main courses, such as vegetables and salads, are common; As a space, main course and dessert, just like in Inter Milan; As the first course, such as chicken salad.
If there is salad, use a big salad fork. If you put them together, you will have to fork the main course.
If salad is a side dish, it is usually accompanied by cheese, cornflakes and other foods. In your salad plate, first one or two pieces of bread, then two or three pieces of cornflakes. Eat cheese and salad with a fork, and eat cornflakes with your fingers.
If the main salad is served with salad dressing, you can pour the salad dressing on the salad and the sauce in the first part after eating this part. It's easy to add lettuce to the bowl until the soy sauce becomes a part of it.
Salad eater
The habit should be: cut the lettuce leaves into small pieces and use a fork, if you can't cut them with a knife and fork. Only cut it once, and then cut it after eating it.
4。 soup
5。 Oyster and clam
Eat oysters and mussels with your left hand, take out oyster meat and oyster fork with your right hand, and dip it in seasoning. The mixture soaked in shrimps and crabs can also be eaten separately from seasonings and oysters.
6。
Pasta Eat pasta, roll noodles slowly with a fork, five rolls on all sides are the most convenient. You can also eat spoons and forks. Spoons and forks can help control smooth surfaces. You can't suck it directly with your mouth, or you will spill juice everywhere.
7。 fruit
In many countries, fruit is sent as a dessert. Many fruits are usually mixed together to make fruit salad or fruit platter. The key is how to remove the stone. Can't hold the whole mouth. According to the situation of tableware, use a knife carefully, then cut the skin into 4 cores and eat it with a fork. Please be careful not to spill the juice. When there is no knife and fork, you can gently climb the edge of the fruit bowl from the entrance with two fingers. It is impolite for a stone to come straight out of your mouth.
8。 Western fast food and snacks
Hamburgers and hot dogs are eaten by hand, but they must be padded with napkins, so that the sauce will flow on the napkins, not on your hands or clothes. Just in case, you can live with pads. On the one hand, prepare 12 napkins for later use.
You can take the pizza in your hand and put it inside to prevent the stuffing from falling off it. But pizza usually doesn't appear on the table.
Tacos are a common food to eat with your hands. You can dip it in tomato sauce or other sweet beans from miscellaneous sauce.
Fried food and chips can be eaten with your fingers or with a fork. If you are outdoors, you can of course eat it with your hands.
Ladies should also pay attention to eating, taking a few sips at a time. Chewing makes a noise and the break is red. Generally speaking, if your fingers are dirty, you can ask the waiter for washing water.
4。 Handling of five special situations
1。 How to satisfy the shopkeeper to do Thanksgiving?
Some business owners will be grateful and pray, and they should sit or stand before meals. Don't eat or drink anything before Thanksgiving prayer. Keep your head down quietly. Until the prayer is over, then put the napkin on her lap and start eating.
2。 When teeth are blocked or foreign objects are inserted,
Imported?
If your teeth produce vegetables, leaves or grains of sand, don't pick them on the table with a toothpick, but try drinking water; If not, go to the toilet so that you can rinse your mouth or use a toothpick.
If you haven't tasted food or foreign objects, you must be careful not to cause people's dissatisfaction and eat together, but don't force you to eat bad things. With a napkin, you can quickly spit on the napkin to cover your mouth and let the waiter make a new napkin. If there are foreign objects such as stones, you can take out your thumb and forefinger and put the plate aside.
Even if you strut a bug out of your salad (this is the best way to exercise your courage and grace at that moment), calmly ask for another one, as long as the employer or waiter blinks. Don't make a fuss, let everyone know that you dare not eat.
3。 How about eating garlic or onions?
When eating garlic or onions, is it too popular at home, in the office or at parties? We introduce several solutions:
First, use mouthwash;
Second, chewing gum;
The third is to wipe your mouth and tongue with lemon slices;
Chew a few pieces of tea or coffee.
4。 How to spill something on the table? under
If you spill something on the table, in many cases, the shopkeeper will ask the waiter to clean up your dirty place. If it is not clean, he will give you a hole, put on a new napkin, cover it with dirt, and then go to the next dish. If you are at home, take away the cleaning supplies.
If you get a seat with a lot of stains on the napkin, cover it in a dirty place and apologize to the host and other guests. If you or your family break the owner of something, you should arrange to collect the broken things and clean or repair them at your convenience so that the owner can send them back.
5。 What if the tableware falls to the ground?
While eating, the knife and fork accidentally fell to the ground. If you bend down to pick up an ugly posture, it will affect people around you and get your hands dirty. You can point out that your waiter will handle it and replace it with a new dish.
5。 How to leave gracefully?
After the holiday
Eating may be common sense. If it is not received on weekends, the departure time should be between 1 1 afternoon and midnight. If it's the weekend, we can go later. You shouldn't leave too early or too late.
It is polite to thank the hostess in person before leaving (except the biggest one). After thanking and explaining, you can say leave and don't die, so there is nothing else he can't say hello to. If you have to leave early for some reason, it can't be too obvious. Be grateful to avoid making other guests think they have to go.
If you are a distinguished guest, we must leave the other guests of the host first. Generally speaking, the host and guests will leave after 20 minutes and 40 minutes when the camera runs out of snacks. Don't leave before the general guest is the guest of honor, otherwise it is disrespectful to the host and guest of honor. If you really need something to go back first, be sure to explain the situation honestly.
Guests attending the reception invitation should indicate the time of getting up and leaving. If an oral invitation is received (it may not be the time to explain), it should be regarded as received in two hours. If the guest is delayed, but the hostess has another appointment, then she should explain politely. She can say in a friendly way, "I need you to break up because I have ..."