Planting can be done in winter and spring. Dig a planting pit 1m square and 60 ~ 70cm deep in advance, first fill the pit with 30 ~ 40cm fertile soil, then put the tree in the center of the pit and cover it with soil. Then pour 1 time for water seepage, and then erect the column to prevent wind.
2. Pruning: Pruning young trees, plum blossom crown is relatively open, there is no obvious central leading branch, and it is appropriate to be happy when shaping. One-year-old seedlings should be cut off 60 ~ 70 cm from the ground, and 3 ~ 5 branches should be left as main branches after germination to make them naturally lean outward. When pruning in the second year, choose to leave lateral branches on the upper and lower parts of the main branch, so that the flower branches can be planted on the main branch and lateral branches. Young trees are generally lightly pruned in winter to promote early crown formation and early flowering. Young trees should not be re-cut, otherwise the flowering period will be delayed. When pruning the main branches, we should master the principle of cutting more strong branches and less weak branches to keep the balance of the growth potential of each main branch. Generally, 1/4 ~ 1/3 should be cut off, and branches should be kept for 40 ~ 70cm. Side branch pruning is opposite to the main branch. Dead branches, pests and diseases, dense branches and long branches on the side branches should be cut off from the base. In order to ventilate and light, and reduce the consumption of nutrients, the over-dense buds should be properly thinned out in spring. Nucleation can adjust the growth potential, maintain the subordinate relationship, promote the germination of secondary branches and accelerate the formation of crown. It is of great significance to wipe buds to check the rapid expansion of crown and early flowering.
3. Fertilization: Rational fertilization can make plum blossom grow vigorously and prolong life. Fertilization is an important measure of plum blossom management. After defoliation in autumn, it should be applied with deep ploughing in the garden. Base fertilizer is mainly slow-acting organic fertilizer, such as cake fertilizer, compost, manure and so on. From late June to early July, when the new shoots stopped growing 10, flower bud differentiation began. Available phosphorus and potassium fertilizers, such as calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride, should be topdressing. Chemical fertilizer for flower buds should be applied in time. Premature fertilization often promotes the growth of new shoots, but it is not conducive to the formation of flower buds. Early June 5438+ 10, when plum blossoms are in bud, quick-acting fertilizers, such as human excrement and urine, urea, etc. Top dressing should be applied to promote flowering.
4. Irrigation and drainage: Lack of water in soil will lead to defoliation and death.
If there is too much soil moisture and poor ventilation, it will hinder the normal respiration of plum roots, cause early defoliation and affect flower bud differentiation. In rainy season, ditch cleaning and drainage should be done in time to keep good drainage.
5. Pest control: The main pests of plum blossom are: Red-necked Anoplophora longicorn, the larvae gnaw at the trunk, and in severe cases, the whole plant dies. The control methods include painting the trunk white, killing eggs, catching adults, killing with drugs, digging larvae and so on. Aphids harm young leaves and twigs in spring, causing early defoliation and seriously affecting flower bud differentiation. Spraying deltamethrin 4500 ~ 5000 times or malathion 1500 ~ 2000 times. Bag moths eat the leaves of plum blossoms, and in severe cases, the branches die. Spraying 2000 times of entomogenous fungi and 3000 times of trichlorfon. The thorn moth is harmful to the leaves of plum blossom, and the control method is the same as that of the bag moth.