In ancient times, in order to count the exploits of soldiers, things on the enemy were generally used as evidence. For example, Shang Yang stipulated that the enemy's head should be taken as evidence. Using the enemy's head as a voucher is not easy to forge, but it is too heavy to carry and store, so there is a flexible method. The enemy's ears, nose, hands and feet can also be used as vouchers. Ears, nose, hands and feet as evidence, hurting people but not killing people, can not only be used as evidence of military achievements, but also insult the enemy, consume the enemy's money and food, and then consume the enemy's strength in both spiritual and material levels.

Nanzhao was a local separatist regime supported by the Tang Dynasty, which was originally intended to support Nanzhao in cracking down on Tubo and Annan. With the support of the Tang Dynasty, Nanzhao successively conquered all parts of Erhai Lake area in Xi, eliminated five other imperial edicts and unified Erhai Lake area. In the first year of the reign of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty (7 13), Piluoge in Nanzhao was named King of Taideng County. In 794 AD, Yimou Xun was named Nanzhao King by the Tang Dynasty, and has since been called Nanzhao Kingdom. Nanzhao has a territory of about 750,000 square kilometers and a population of more than one million. The main ethnic group is Ailao, and the official languages are Ailao and Chinese. Ailao nationality is not a single nationality, but may be a multi-ethnic isomorphism with Pu and Yue as the main body, and later evolved into nearly a dozen nationalities.

In 750 AD, Zhang Qiantuo, the prefect of Yunnan in the Tang Dynasty, forcibly demanded the escort woman of Luo Feng, the king of Nanzhao. In a rage, luo feng rose up against the Tang Dynasty and killed Zhang Qiantuo, the prefect of Yunnan. In 75 1 year, the Tang Dynasty general Xian Yu led an army of 80,000 to attack Nanzhao and returned to the army of 60,000. In 752 AD, Tubo conferred the title of Ge Luofeng as "the brother of Zanpu" (meaning Zanpu), and Nanzhao formed an alliance with Tubo to resist the Tang Dynasty. In 754 AD, Mina Lee led 70,000 troops to attack Nanzhao and entered Taihe City, the capital of Nanzhao. Tang Jun was wiped out. Tang Jun suffered heavy losses after cutting Nanzhao twice, and Nanzhao's national strength also suffered heavy losses. Tubo became the biggest winner.

In 779 AD, Li Sheng, a general of the Tang Dynasty, defeated the Nanzhao-Tubo Allied Forces, causing more than 100,000 losses to the Nanzhao Army and great losses to Nanzhao's national strength. Tubo took the opportunity to make Nanzhao a vassal state. In the same year, Wang Yimou of Nanzhao made peace with the Tang Dynasty, and Tang Dezong agreed. Nanzhao once again became a vassal state of the Tang Dynasty. After the Anshi Rebellion in the Tang Dynasty, the national situation declined, and Nanzhao took the opportunity to attack Xichuan. In 829 AD, our Jiannan envoy Du did not understand military affairs, and his military equipment was lax, which led them to lead Nanzhao to invade, break through the outer city of Chengdu and plunder tens of thousands of people. It was in this battle that Nanzhao army cut off the noses and ears of tens of thousands of people in Chengdu as an insult.

In 875 AD, Gao Pian of the Tang Dynasty led 5,000 people to cross the river, arrived in Nanding, defeated Nanzhao Army with the materials captured from Nanzhao Army, and provided supplies for the army. Gao Pian led troops through Nanzhao, defeated Nanzhao Army many times and gained numerous victories. Nanzhao's national strength was greatly damaged, and it almost perished. In 902 AD, Zheng Maisi assassinated Wang Shunhuazhen of Nanzhao, killing more than 800 members of Nanzhao royal family, destroying Nanzhao and changing the name of the country. In 907, Zhu Wen forced Tang Aidi to meditate on pears and bamboos. The Tang Dynasty perished and enjoyed the country for 290 years. Zhu Wen changed its name to Liang, known as Shi.